The European Supervisory Authorities (the ‘ESAs’) form part of a large network of EU agencies and are classified as regulatory agencies, their principal tasks being the development and completion of the ‘single rulebook’ for the EU... more
The European Supervisory Authorities (the ‘ESAs’) form part of a large network of EU agencies and are classified as regulatory agencies, their principal tasks being the development and completion of the ‘single rulebook’ for the EU financial system. The ESAs also promote supervisory convergence in order to create a level-playing field in financial supervision and supervisory practices in the EU. In the absence of an explicit legal basis in the TFEU for the allocation of competence to EU agencies, their powers are delimited, shaped and amenable to judicial review in light of relevant CJEU jurisprudence, most importantly, the Meroni doctrine, laying down the core principles governing relations between EU institutions and EU agencies. In this study, we look into the gradually emerging (and increasing) asymmetry in supervisory terms between the ESMA, on the one hand, and the EBA and the EIOPA, on the other. The former’s direct supervisory powers have been progressively expanding and technocratic influence widening, accentuated by recent relevant case-law modernising the Meroni doctrine and the recent amendment of the ESAs’ founding Regulations mirroring the ambition to move towards further centralisation of supervision of EU capital markets. The aim of this paper is to contribute to the ongoing debate arising from the ESAs’ developing role and position within the EU financial system.
The purpose of this study is to conduct a situational analysis on the educational supervisions carried out within the Turkish educational system. Content analysis was used in this study, which is one of the qualitative research methods.... more
The purpose of this study is to conduct a situational analysis on the educational supervisions carried out within the Turkish educational system. Content analysis was used in this study, which is one of the qualitative research methods. An interview form was prepared by the researchers in accordance with the study purpose and expert opinion sought to ensure content and face validity. Findings of the study show that; supervision is necessary for an increase in educational quality, sustainability of educational worker development, determination and elimination of possible deficiencies, to ensure not falling behind developments in the educational system, and to collaborate within the school. It has been determined that the agents who carry out the supervision should have professional competencies, should be able to enter into effective communication, should be able to spare enough time for supervision and follow the principles of equality. In addition, the importance of effective and sufficient guidance and parental participation was highlighted. In a change to the Turkish educational system in 2014, the authority and responsibility of supervision was assigned to the school principals. Because it would decrease the psychological pressure that supervision imposes on educational workers, and enable a positive atmosphere for communication over a prolonged period, this change was believed to be beneficial overall. According to another standpoint, because school principals lack professional competencies regarding educational supervision and do not follow the principles of equality, this change instead was believed to be unfavorable.
The European Supervisory Authorities (the ‘ESAs’) form part of a large network of EU agencies and are classified as regulatory agencies, their principal tasks being the development and completion of the ‘single rulebook’ for the EU... more
The European Supervisory Authorities (the ‘ESAs’) form part of a large network of EU agencies and are classified as regulatory agencies, their principal tasks being the development and completion of the ‘single rulebook’ for the EU financial system. The ESAs also promote supervisory convergence in order to create a level-playing field in financial supervision and supervisory practices in the EU. In the absence of an explicit legal basis in the TFEU for the allocation of competence to EU agencies, their powers are delimited, shaped and amenable to judicial review in light of relevant CJEU jurisprudence, most importantly, the Meroni doctrine, laying down the core principles governing relations between EU institutions and EU agencies. In this study, we look into the gradually emerging (and increasing) asymmetry in supervisory terms between the ESMA, on the one hand, and the EBA and the EIOPA, on the other. The former’s direct supervisory powers have been progressively expanding and tec...
