Energy plus buildings

The Energy Performance of Buildings Directive of the European Commission has set a zero energy goal for all new buildings by the end of 2020. One of the relatively recent housing concepts is the plus energy house, which produces more energy than it consumes. Plus energy houses are generally ventilated by MVHR systems. However, many researchers have expressed concerns about the performance of such systems in terms of indoor air quality, thermal comfort and total carbon emissions. Thus, this study aims to investigate whether natural ventilation can be an integral feature of plus energy houses in central Europe. This was achieved by testing various CO2-based demand control ventilation strategies for the climate of Stuttgart. The results showed that the proposed strategy resulted in an annual energy surplus of 1,299 KWh for home+, while maintaining acceptable indoor conditions throughout the day both in terms of indoor air quality and thermal comfort.

Note: Conference presentation files, the paper, and Excel workbook are attached.
The " Architecture 2030 " organization established targets for reducing fossil fuel use in new buildings to zero by 2030, providing a simple metric to compare energy performance relative to typical buildings. However, they do not provide metrics for site net-zero energy and plus-energy projects. This paper defines a metric that allows buildings to be compared on the same scale for both the 2030 Targets and performance beyond these, including plus-energy. The Energy Balance Index (EBI) assesses energy performance relative to a typical building's energy use intensity (EUI) based on climate and building type. EBI is defined as the inverse of the designed building's net site EUI divided by the EUI of a benchmark building, expressed as a percentage. Revealing what is obscured in the 2030 targets, the site EUI used accounts for both energy demand intensity (EDI) and on-site energy production intensity (EPI). The EBI scale is set at zero for site net-zero performance. Extensions are proposed for 2030 Targets, up to 2060, with trends for: 1) energy demand, 2) off-site renewables, 3) on-site renewables, and 4) renewable energy exported. This allows designers to have working schematic design phase targets for energy demand and production. Keywords: energy targets, energy balance index, energy use intensity, energy demand intensity, energy production intensity, Architecture 2030, site net-zero energy, plus-energy, net-positive energy, high-performance buildings

In dem Aufsatz werden die Möglichkeiten der Integration von Gebäudetechnik und solarer Energie-gewinnung in kürzlich realisierten Glasfassaden in Österreich aufgezeigt. Dabei stehen Gesichts-punkte wie Belüftung, Belichtung/Sonnenschutz, Integration von Solarsystemen und Haustechnik (PV, Lüftung, Kühlung, Heizung…) im Vordergrund. Es werden wesentliche Unterschiede in Gestal-tung, Konstruktion und Bauphysik der untersuchten Beispiele herausgearbeitet und Entwicklungs-tendenzen in der Ganzglasfassade im Bürobau aufgezeigt. Die Studie soll als Referenz für Architek-ten und Ingenieure dienen, die sich mit fassadenintegrierter Haustechnik beschäftigen. Development trends of integrated solar energy and building systems in full-glass facades. The aim of this paper is to present a comprehensive review of research, design and development efforts in the field of building service integration in recent built full-glass facade. Integrated building services such as heating, cooling, ventilation, heat recovery as well as lighting and sound insulation are main aspects in the article. Significant differences in design, construction and building physics in accordance to its specific building services feature are highlighted. The study demonstrates new trends in integrated glass facade for office building and aims to provide a reference for architects and engineers dealing with facade-integrated building services. 1 Einleitung Im Rahmen einer umfangreichen Studie zu kürzlich fertiggestellten Beispielen zeitge-nössischer Gebäudehüllen aus Glas, welche durch Ergebnisses eines vom Autor geleite-ten Wahlfaches " Konstruktiver Glasbau " für Master-Studierende des Studienganges Architektur der TU-Wien [1], eines Konferenzbeitrages [2] und im Rahmen einer Dis-sertation [3] weiter vertieft wurden, wurde ein besonderes Augenmerk auf die Integration von haustechnischen und solartechnischen Systemen in Glasfassaden gelegt. Beson-dere Funktionen wie Sonnenschutz, Belüftung, solare Energiegewinnung oder auch medientechnische Innovationen stehen hierbei im Vordergrund.

A computer based building simulation model was developed to examine the energy load and environmental management in The National Archives Q1 repository building in Kew, UK to optimise environmental management and examine the impacts of climate change. The need to accurately simulate the
hygrothermal environment inside the archive building which houses mainly paper-based records led to the choice of EnergyPlus as the modelling software. The study presents the simulation results of five environmental strategies which predict energy saving potential as high as 43% without  ignificantly affecting the quality of the preservation environment. The effect of climate change is predicted to have
little impact on the archive environment due to the filtering effect of the air conditioning system. On the other hand, an increase in total energy load by 15% and 24% is predicted under the worst case climate change scenario in 2050 and 2080, respectively, if the current environmental management practice is continued into the future. However, the identified energy saving strategies could represent possible mitigative solutions in reducing future energy load against the impact of climate change.