Heat Power

In present day shell and tube heat exchanger is the most common type heat exchanger widely used in oil refinery and other large chemical process, because it suits high pressure application. The process in solving CFD consists of modeling and meshing the basic geometry of shell and tube heat exchanger using CFD package ANSYS 13.0. The objective of the project is design of shell and tube heat exchanger with helical baffle and study the flow and temperature field inside the shell using ANSYS software tools. The heat exchanger contains 7 tubes and 800 mm length shell diameter 90 mm. The helix angle of helical baffle will be varied from 00 to 20°. In CFD will show how the temperature varies in shell due to different helix angle and flow rate. The flow pattern in the shell side of the heat exchanger with continuous helical baffles was forced to be rotational and helical due to the geometry of the continuous helical baffles, which results in a significant increase in heat transfer coefficient per unit pressure drop in the heat exchanger. There is a wide application of coiled heat exchanger in the field of industrial applications for its enhanced heat transfer characteristics and compact structure. Lots of researches are going on to improve the heat transfer rate of the helical coil heat exchanger. Here, in this work, an analysis has been done for a tube-in-tube helical heat exchanger with constant heat transfer coefficient with parallel flow. There are various factors present that may affect the heat transfer characteristics of the heat exchanger. The flow pattern in the shell side of the heat exchanger with continuous helical baffles was forced to be rotational and helical due to the geometry of the continuous helical baffles, which results in a significant increase in heat transfer coefficient per unit pressure drop in the heat exchanger. There is a wide application of coiled heat exchanger in the field of industrial applications for its enhanced heat transfer characteristics and compact structure. Lots of researches are going on to improve the heat transfer rate of the helical coil heat exchanger. Here, in this work, an analysis has been done for a tube-in-tube helical heat exchanger with constant heat transfer coefficient with parallel flow. There are various factors present that may affect the heat transfer characteristics of the heat exchanger.

Intake manifold is the part of an engine that supplies the fuel/air mixture to the cylinder. The intake manifold is essential for the optimal performance of an internal combustion engines. Intake manifold is the breathing system of the car engine which supplies air to the engine cylinders where the combustion of the fuel occurs. The primary function of the intake manifold is to evenly distribute the combustion mixture (or just air in a direct injection engine) to each intake port in the cylinder head. Even distribution is important to optimize the efficiency and performance of the engine. It may also serve as a mount for the carburetor, throttle body, fuel injectors and other components of the engine. Due to the downward movement of the pistons and the restriction caused by the throttle valve, in a reciprocating spark ignition piston engine, a partial vacuum (lower than atmospheric pressure) exists in the intake manifold. This review paper has main aim is the gain understanding of the flow characteristics inside an intake manifold which is fitted with an intake restrictor. Geometrical design of intake manifold is very important for the good performance of an IC engine. Unequal velocity distribution of intake air of runner's outlets of intake manifold makes it less efficient. The reported works aims to makes this unequal velocity distribution of velocity in nearly equal manner with increase of velocity at outlet without any major modification in design of intake manifold. To achieve the desired improve result two other models of same intake manifold with different design configuration are made in software then examine the results of this two models with original one to find out pressure and velocity losses. After analysis of models it noticed that the hidden projections of nut, projected stiffeners and depth cuts o extreme of plenum causes pressure loses due to which uneven distribution takes place at runner's outlets.

Surface roughness is one of the first active techniques to be considered for the augmentation of forced convection heat transfer. It is necessary that the flow near the heat transfer surface should be turbulent so as to attain higher coefficient of heat transfer. However, energy for creating such turbulence has to come from the fan or blower and the excessive turbulence leads to excessive power requirement to make the air flow through the duct. In this experiment the air was blown by blower through a 45 0 and 60 0 angle of rib artificially manufactured on heated horizontal surface present in duct. This created more turbulence for improving heat transfer compared to plane surface.

— An increasing demand of fossil fuels has being a critical problem for us. The natural resources of fossil fuel are dwindling day by day. Biodiesel that may called natural fuel may be a good source or substitute for fossil fuel in future. Biodiesel can be produced from vegetable oils and also from waste fats. Biodiesel is a mono-alkyl-ester of long chain fatty acids derived from renewable feedstock such as vegetable oils by transesterification process. The esterifies cotton seed oil, pungam oil, rice bran oil, and Calophyllum Inophyllum Linn (honne) oil are chosen as the alternative fuels. Among these oils, Calophyllum Inophyllum Linn (honne) oil is considered for the first time as an alternative fuel. An experiment is conducted to obtain the operating characteristics of the variable compression ratio (VCR) engine run by chosen esterifies oils, and the results are compared with esterifies Calophyllum Inophyllum Linn (honne) oil. From the comparison of results, it is inferred that the engine performance is improved with significant reduction in emissions for the chosen oils without any engine modification. The effective compression ratio can be fixed based on the experimental results obtained in the engine since the findings of the present research work infer that the biodiesel obtained from Calophyllum Inophyllum Linn (honne) oil is a promising alternative fuel for direct-injection four-stroke VCR engine.

Convection is usually the dominant form of heat transfer in liquids and gases. Although sometimes discussed as a third method of heat transfer, convection is usually used to describe the combined effects of heat conduction within the fluid (diffusion) and heat transference by bulk fluid flow streaming. Convective heat transfer is the transfer of heat from one place to another by the movement of fluids, a process that is essentially the transfer of heat via mass transfer. Bulk motion of fluid enhances heat transfer in many physical situations, such as between a solid surface and the fluid. This paper refers to the convective heat transfer from a V-Fin Array whose surface is made black and the fins are sticked to it to form horizontal fin array and in form of V-Fins to form V-Fin array.