Hokan
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Recent papers in Hokan
A number of different languages in outside of the Indo-European family were analyzed based on how difficult it would be for a native English speaker to learn them. They were then rated on a purely impressionistic 1-6 scale of easiest to... more
In this paper I present a detailed analysis of a number of morphological comparisons between the branches of the hypothetical Hokan family. The following areas are considered: 1) subject person/number markers on verbs, as well as... more
The paper shows that Turkic - Yenisseian - Hokan - Muskoki are related and form a new super-family: Macro-Hiukan.
This paper examines the question of how strongly head-marking languages such as Yana and Washo, which have no noun case system and few or no prepositions or postpositions, can distinguish between statements expressing ablative or elative... more
This paper presents 34 Plateau Penutian loanword etymologies, 32 of them borrowings from the Ichishkíin (Sahaptin) language, of morphologically opaque forms in the lexicon of Yana, a language isolate of northern California, proposed to... more
This paper investigates the genetic affiliation of the Yana language of northern California, which sadly went extinct over a century ago. Edward Sapir’s documentation and analysis of Yana allow one to research its linguistic structure,... more
This paper proposes a historical explanation for the extraordinarily large number of root forms in the Karuk language of northern California that begin with vowels. It is argued that most of these initial vowels, which are either /a-/ or... more
The central question that this paper attempts to address is the motivation for the statements given above. Specifically, assuming there was a Proto-Hokan, what evidence is there for the shape of its vowel system? With the exception of... more
[1] The purpose of this paper is to give a sketch of Atsugewi phonology, with particular attention to phonological processes found in the verb. [2] Atsugewi is a (probably) extinct language of the Hokan stock once spoken in far nothern... more