Industrial wastewater

Catalytic liquid-phase hydrogenation of aqueous nitrate solutions is presented as a potential, advanced treatment technology for the removal of excessive quantities of nitrate ions from polluted drinking water streams. Catalysts are briefly reviewed first, followed by mechanistic speculations and kinetics that have been proposed for the liquid-phase nitrate reduction. Subsequently, a novel process scheme consisting of integrated ion-exchange and catalytic

Non-point source (NPS) pollution, unlike point source pollution from domestic and industrial wastewater treatment plants, comes from many diffuse sources. It is caused by the movement of rainfall or snowmelt that picks up and carries pollutants to receiving waters. NPS pollution represents the main cause of contamination of many rivers, streams and other water bodies of many developed countries. Best management practices (BMPs) are intended to reduce NPS pollutants, particularly those from highway runoff, e.g., oil and grit separators, grassed swales, vegetated filter strips, retention ponds, and catch basin inserts. A catch basin insert (CBIs) is a device that reduces stormwater pollution from runoff, without requiring any land use because it is typically mounted within a catch basin. In this study, six commercially-available CBIs were installed and monitored at sites along highways in Westchester County that are under the jurisdiction of the New York State Department of Transporta...

This paper describes the results of experimental activities carried out for verifying the possibility of reusing reclaimed wastewater originated from textile (70%) and domestic (30%) activities for the irrigation of container-grown ornamental shrubs. Aspects that concern the refinery treatment of reclaimed wastewater and the effect of irrigation on some ornamental plant species were investigated. An experimental site consisting of a refinery treatment pilot plant (filtration and disinfection) and an agronomic experimental area was set-up. The combined treatment of PAA and UV, used for the disinfection, showed to be very effective for inactivation of E. coli with most of PAA and UV dose combinations able to assure total inactivation. The plants (Buxus, Photinia, Pistacia and Viburnum), sprinkle and drip irrigated with well water (WW), reclaimed wastewater (RW) and a water mixed (MW) between reclaimed wastewater and well water (1:1 by vol), showed interesting results. A similar growth...

The Vetiver System (VS) is now well accepted and used worldwide for numerous applications. Amongst these, environmental protection applications are the most popular due to its effectiveness, simplicity and low cost. Earlier research conducted to understand the role of the extraordinary physiological and morphological attributes of vetiver grass in soil and water conservation, discovered that vetiver grass also possesses some unique attributes highly suitable for treating polluted wastewater from industries as well as domestic discharges and contaminated lands from industries and mining. • VS can reduce the volume or dispose unwanted wastewater by: seepage control, land irrigation and wetland. Successful applications include treatment of: - domestic and municipal sewage effluent and landfill leachate - wastewater from intensive animal farms - industrial wastewater recycling and disposal - industrial and mining seepage. • VS can improve wastewater quality by: trapping debris, sediment...

Membrane bioreactor (MBR) is a reliable and promising technology for wastewater treatment and reclamation applications. In spite of more than a decade of significant advances in developing fouling mitigation methods, different physical and cleaning protocols are still necessary to be developed to limit the membrane fouling. The use of scouring agents in MBR applications has been paid attention as a new approach as an energy-efficient way to control membrane fouling. Recently, mechanical cleaning by scouring agents is becoming as intense research area considering high efficiency of fouling reduction while requiring low energy consumption. In this review, fundamental and comprehensive assessments of the mechanical cleaning concepts and their applications with porous and nonporous scouring agents for MBR system are critically reviewed. The existing challenges and future research prospects on the mechanical cleaning technology associated with scouring agents for the MBR applications are also discussed.

... Nevertheless, utilization of sludge as a building material in Taiwan has not yet been a productive reality because the legal approval and public acceptance in ... Methods for Waste Analysis NIEA-R201.10T/NIEA-R208.00T (1997) (in Chinese) . ... Tay, Bricks manufacture from sludge. ...

Wastewater use in agriculture is a growing practice worldwide. Drivers include increasing water stress, in part due to climate change; increasing urbanization and growing wastewater flows; and more urban households engaged in agricultural activities. The problem with this trend is that in low-income countries, but also in many middle-income countries, it either involves the direct use of untreated wastewater or

Suboptimal pH and high nitrogenous compounds content in metal industry wastewaters often make using traditional biological treatment methods problematic. It is too early to draw conclusions as to the best technology by comparing novel processes such as OLAND, CANON, SHARON, and ANAMMOX and so on, owing to the fact that most of these new processes are still to be fully tested at pilot and commercial scale. Therefore, it is worthwhile to review the novel nitrogenous compounds removal processes and to look at their potential for use in biological treatment of inorganic wastewaters with reference to the metal industry. The biochemical reactions and enzymes involved in each step of the nitrification and denitrification processes, microbiology of each process, different technologies such as OLAND, CANON, SHARON, ANAMMOX and their operational requirements in evaluating the application of the nitrification–denitrification process to metal industry wastewater are discussed in this review.