Margaret Mahler

SE HABLA DE NARCISISMO COMO CATECTIZACIÓN DEL SELF,, QUE NO ES EL YO EN SÍ MISMO; PERO ADQUIERE UNA IDENTIDAD CUANDO SE DA EL NACIMIENTO DEL INDIVIDO HUMANO, TRAS LA ETAPA SIMBIÓTICA O FUSIONAL. KOHUT HABLAR DE OBJETOS DEL SELF; LA PERSONALIDAD NARCISTA Y BORDERLINE SERÍAN LA PERSONALIDAD NEURÓTICA DE NUESTRO TIEMP, DADA SU FRECUENCIA Y EN TRATAMIENTO PSICOANALÍTICA HARÍAN REGRESIONES A LA SOSPECHA PARANOIDE, SEDAR´ÇIAN ILUSIONES CORPORALES Y PERCEPCIONES ALTERADAS, QUE TOCAN CON LA PSICOSIS Y APARECEN EN EL EJE DE LA TRANSFERENCIA Y CONTRATGRANSFERENCIA, COMO FENÓMENOS TRANSITORIOS Y SE PERCISA HACER UN BUEN DIAGNÓSTICO DIFERENCIAL.SUELE APARECER EL YO GRANDIOSO, COMO YO REPRESENTACIÓN IDEALIZADO, CON UN PERSONALIDAD MÁS INTEGRADA, QUE EN LOS CASOS BORDERLINE Y PSICOSIS PROPIAMENTE DICHAS. TAMBIEN HAY PERSONALIDADES NARCISISTAS CON UN SELF COHESIVO CON MAYOR CAPACIDAD DE TOLERAR LOS TRAUMAS OCASIONADOS POR EL ENTORNO ENLOQUECEDOR.. SE EXPLICA COMO SE CONSTITUYE EL YO GRANDIOSO. EN EL TRATAMIENTO SE DAN TRANSFERENCIAS IDEALIZADAS Y ESPECULARES, GENERADORAS DE DISTINTAS REACCIONES CONTRATRANSFERENCIALES DE PARTE DL TERAPEUTA, DE DONDE ES MUY IMPORTANTE UNA BUENA ALIANZA TERAPÉUTICA, QUE PERMITA HACER CIERTOS INSIGHTS

L'articolo vuole chiarire il significato del termine "psicosi". Lo fa riassumendo e comparando alcuni storici studi di psicologia, psichiatria e psicoanalisi, integrando alcune ricerche specifiche sulla "schizofrenia" e la "follia". Lo scritto s'inserisce in un quadro di ricerca che intende studiare la relazione tra psicosi, linguaggio, corpo e creatività.

Although the unconscious processes that comprise  identification  remain a theoretical cornerstone of personality development and of psychoanalysis, relatively little has been said about the process of dis-identification; whereby we relinquish important identifications, in order to change and to grow.
This paper explores the different psychological climates that prompt dis-identification, sometimes in the service of growth, or sometimes as a denial of dependence and an enactment of unconscious envy. It is argued that a disidentification prompted by a move to internalize the combined parental couple will require that identifications with ...

En este artículo me centro en informar y discutir acerca de las tensiones que existen entre Kohut y otros autores, como Freud, los post‐kleinianos, Mahler, y autores del psicoanálisis relacional. Estas tensiones las conceptualizo como fructíferas en la emergencia de nuevas teorías. Así, Kohut fue formando su teoría en la tensión con el psicoanálisis freudiano y kleiniano, esto es, desde el contraste con estas teorías pudo ir diferenciando su propio aporte teórico. A su vez, varios autores del psicoanálisis relacional se tensionan productivamente con Kohut. Pongo especial énfasis en esto último, pensando en cómo desde ahí emergen discusiones que tienden a la polarización en opciones incompatibles que, en términos generales, discuten la primacía del self o la primacía de la relación. Sin embargo, se logra llegar a un nuevo nivel lógico, que consigue dar cuenta de la paradoja de la co‐ consitución entre subjetividad e intersubjetividad. Concluyo que aunque consideremos verdadera esta co‐constitución, solamente podemos enfocar en cada dimensión de forma alternante y no en un mismo momento. Lo relevante sería sostener esta co‐constitución circular sin polarizarse en el enfoque exclusivo sobre el sujeto o sobre la relación.

In this article I focus on informing and discussing about the tensions between Kohut and others authors, like Freud, post‐Kleinian authors, Mahler, and relational psychoanalysis authors. Such tensions are conceptualized as fruitful in the emergence of new theories. Thus, Kohut was forming his theory on tension with the Freudian and Kleinian psychoanalysis, that is, from the contrast with these theories, he could start to differentiate his own theoretical contribution. In turn, several relational authors, productively tensioned the relational psychoanalysis with Kohut. I put special emphasis on the latter, thinking how from there emerge discussions that tend to increase the polarization between incompatible options, broadly discussing the primacy of self or the primacy of the relationship. However, a new logical level that gets to explain the paradox of co‐constitution between subjectivity and intersubjectivity is achieved. I conclude that although we consider this co‐ creation correct, we can only focus on each dimension alternately and not in a moment. What matters would be support this co‐constitution without polarizing in the exclusive focus on the subject or on the relation.

It is crucial to recognize that individuation is not a smooth or painless process. Indeed, some of the pressures on the individuating client as a member of a family come from his spouse and the family system. Marriage itself is a partial symbiosis out of which one or both members individuate, with the ideal being an optimal distance between them. The developmental approach to the family notes that there is a crisis in the life cycle whenever there is a passage from one stage to the next, i.e., birth of the first child, the last child beginning school, the last child leaving home. The adolescent's attempt to separate from his family is another well-known crisis situation, at times being expressed through schizophrenic breakdown in the family. The extreme on the continuum of resistance to individuation comes from the schizophrenic family, where individuation creates excessive anxiety, as differences among members upset the homeostatic balance. It is the task of the therapist to avoid being drawn into the family's symbiotic system, and instead to aid the client in achieving a higher level of differentiation. What is apparent in studying Mahler's work is the complexity of the entire process of becoming an individual. Working with clients who are striving for mastery in this area, and with those who fear it, is further dramatic proof that separate functioning demands great psychic investment as well as a significant amount of time. Mahler has provided clinicians with a valuable framework for intervention and guidelines for assessment of individual growth.

ES UNA CARTA DE AGRADECIMIENTO A LA GRAN PSICOANALISTA COLOMBIANA CECILIA MUÑOZ VILA, QUIEN ME MANDARA DE REGALO SU OBRA "REFLEXIONES PSICOANALÍTICAS" CON SU ENFOQUE KLEINIANO Y POSTKLEINIANO, SOBRE EL QUE PRETENDO PROFUNDIZAR EN FUTUROS ARTÍCULOS.

Nancy Chase (1999) in her Burdened Children tells us about a Time Magazine issue (April 1996) where on the cover photo we find the picture of Jessica, a seven year old girl, who died in the crash of her small plane facing a storm, while trying to establish the record for the youngest pilot who had ever flown over the United States. The comment under the picture raised a debate about who had the responsibility of her death and of the considerable expectations that Jessica created for herself. In Jessica's death were involved her parents, but not because they had neglected or abused Jessica in any usual sense. On the contrary, it seems that these parents loved their daughter very much in their own way, encouraging her to take risks in order to pursue her dreams and to not be afraid of anything. However, the question remained: of whom was the dream of flying over the States from coast to coast? Could this be the dream of a seven year old child? Or were the projections of her parents? To what extent can we consider pathological a situation for which the children put aside their fears and push themselves to do things to the limit of their capacity, while the adults engage them in the realization of their own dreams? And yet, if Jessica had instead been successful in her attempt to fly over the States, would we have suspected a negative influence from the family in the same way? Perhaps, it could also have happened what has not happened, such that Jessica, returned from her record flight, would have eventually found a way to withdraw from her uncomfortable role and/or her parents, gratified by the success of her daughter, could have repented and decreased the pressure of their expectations. The case, therefore, raises fundamental questions about to what extent a parent can legitimately promote his child and the measure by which a child can become compliant in meeting the needs and the wishes of their parents. Matters affecting the balance between giving and receiving in the parent-child relationships. However, even if the Jessica story looks like an extreme example it leads us to consider how, the same psychological phenomenon of children's partial or total emotional commitment with the desires and the needs of their parents, happens in more subtle forms in the everyday interaction between parents and children and leads their inter-generational communication.  a.seganti@iol.it † pierchristian.

Recalibrating Loewald's (1951) paper on 'Ego and Reality' widens my view and gives me a different / 'newer' perspective on discovering the ‘function’ of non-linear temporality and spatiality with ‘metapsychological’ and ‘clinical’ facet in psychoanalysis (Winnicott, 1955; Schmidt-Hellerau, 2002). Loewald’s (1951) theoretical framework of 'Time' saddened me a little. It makes me wonder how this aspect of 'Time' affects the ways in which the analyst and the analysand meet one another in the analytic situation in relation to Heidegger’s (2008) ‘Being and time.’ Furthermore, Heidegger's ideology of 'Being' and 'beings' intrigues me how intra-psychic and inter-psychic realities function 'inside' and 'outside' (Chasseguet-Smirgel, 1992) of the 'self,' the 'differentiated self,' and the 'integrated self' (Mahler & McDevitt, 1982) in the working-through (Freud, 1914) of the "archaic matrix of the Oedipus complex.” These psychic phenomena could be observed, co-created, and interpreted in the potential space (Winnicott, 1971) and object-relationships could be experienced and transformed through therapeutic action (Loewald, 1960) in the analytic process.

Scanned original copy. July 2005

Explores select works of Matthew Arnold, as well as Robert Browning’s “Caliban Upon Setebos” and Edward Fitzgerald’s “Rubáiyát of Omar Khayyám,” for evidence that societal growth during the late 19th-century was done not entirely in hopes of leaving previous authorities behind, of accepting and dealing with felt feelings of being abandoned for their focus on their own selves rather than parental ways; there was evidence of regression, clinging back. Poetry, I am suggesting in this short paper, began to manifest the parental imago in a manner that would either flatter their preferred self-image/conception and thereby be to their liking (with Arnold), or that would presumably draw back their presumably withdrawn attention and interest through newly aroused ire, placing the poet back into a mere bratty kid rather than introducer of the new (Browning, Fitzgerald).