Npsh

Trace metals like copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn), essential at low concentrations but toxic in excess, contrast with non-essential metals like cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb), significant environmental contaminants. Conventional and organic agriculture employ varying agrichemical inputs, including trace metals. Elevated trace metals in aquatic environments can harm waterbirds, with oxidative metabolism changes indicating environmental stress. We compared trace metal concentrations (Pb, Zn, Cd, Cu) in feathers and biomarkers in muscle and liver tissue of waterbirds from organic and conventional irrigated rice farms in South Brazil. Biomarkers included catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, protein carbonylation (PC), lipid peroxidation (LPO), and non-protein thiols (NPSH) concentration. Cu and Pb concentrations were higher in waterbirds from conventional farms, whereas Cd and Zn levels were elevated in organic farms. Birds foraging in organic farms exhibited lower CAT and SOD ...

Objectives: The objective of the present investigation was to determine the socioeconomic conditions, age and gender relations to tuberculosis with evaluation of drug (smoking/ alcohol) influences on it and correlate the clinical data to an animal experiment result of antioxidant system of drug treated male rats. Settings: The investigation was carried out in a rural and an urban part of Eastern India. Methodology: Acid-fast bacillus (AFB) staining of sputum was performed in rural Indpur (total human individuals 498, male 384) and urban area Kamarhati (total 1017, male 735) following WHO guidelines. Catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and level of non-protein soluble thiol (NPSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in lung of rats exposed four weeks to nicotine (0.2 mg/kg s.c.) and/or ethanol (20% [w/v] at 3 g/kg orally). Results: Mean AFB score was greater in all age groups of Kamarhati. Smoking/ alcohol alone significantly and synergistically even in greater extent in...

Modifikasi alat uji test bed pompa ini dimaksudkan untuk menerapkan teori-teori yang telah didapatkan selama masa perkuliahan dalam mengetahui head statis pompa, head total pompa, daya hidrolis pompa, daya input motor pompa dan efisiensi pompa, serta NPSH pada pompa. Pengujian dilakukan dengan cara mengatur bukaan katup dan mengatur putaran impeler dengan cara memvariasi frequensi untuk mendapatkan data-data yang dibutuhkan dalam mencari head statis, head total, daya hidrolis, daya input motor dan efisiensi, serta NPSH pada pompa. Dari hasil pengujian test bed pompa menggunakan fluida air pada tekanan tangki 1 =- 0,6 bar dan tekanan tangki 2 = 0,15kgf/ dengan variasi bukaan katup diperoleh data sebagai berikut : debit maksimal 22,5 LPM dengan head sistem 8,56 m, head total 15,574 m, efisiensi 25,04% dan NPSH 3,255 m. Pada variasi putaran impeler diperoleh data sebagai berikut : debit maksimal 22,5 LPM dengan head sistem 8,56 m, head total 15,773 m, efisiensi 23,55% dan NPSH 3,255 m....

Impeller merupakan salah satu bagian terpenting dari pompa sentrifugal yang dapat mempengaruhi performa pompa. Hal yang perlu dilihat dari performa pompa adalah nilai efisiensi, NPSH, Head dan kebisingan dari pompa. Variasi riblet dengaan menambahkan fin pada sudu impeler dapat meningkatkan performa pompa, untuk mengetahui tingkat evisiensi performa pompa sentrifuggal perlu dilakukan variasi kecepatan motor dan temperatur air. Tujuan dari penelitian performa pompa sentrifugal agar dapat menganalisis pengaruh penambahan jumlah fin, variasi kecepatan dan temperaur terhadap performa pompa sentrifugal. Variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini adalah variasi penambahan jumlah fin pada impeller, variasi kecepatan dan variasi temparetur air. Dalam variasi pebambahan fin menggunakan impeller jumlah sudu 8 tanpa fin, variasi 1 fin, variasi 2 fin dan variasi 3 fin dengan ukuran  riblet fin yaitu, lebar fin (w) = 2 mm, ­jarak antar fin (s) = 3,4 mm, tinggi fin (h) = 2 mm. Variasi kecepatan putar mo...

This study was designed to evaluate the effects ofBauhinia forficataLink subsp.pruinosa(BF) tea on oxidative stress and liver damage in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. Diabetic male mice have remained 30 days without any treatment. BF treatment started on day 31 and continued for 21 days as a drinking-water substitute. We evaluated (1) BF chemical composition; (2) glucose levels; (3) liver/body weight ratio and liver transaminases; (4) reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonylation in liver; (5) superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in liver; (6)δ-aminolevulinate dehydratase (δ-ALA-D) and nonprotein thiols (NPSH) in liver; (7) Nrf2, NQO-1, and HSP70 levels in liver and pancreas. Phytochemical analyses identified four phenols compounds. Diabetic mice present high levels of NQO-1 in pancreas, increased levels of ROS and lipid peroxidation in liver, and decrease in CAT activity. BF treatment normalized all these parameters. B...

The pumps are divided into two main groups as positive displacement namely volumetric pumps and dynamic i.e. centrifugal pumps. Volumetric pumps are generally used to transport hydraulic oils, while centrifugal pumps are used to transport clean or dirty water. Pumps are the tools that are used to move liquid fluids from one place to another in many areas like as cars, industry, construction sites, agriculture, and homes. Therefore, determination of the hydraulic pump’s characteristics under various working conditions, including manometric head, overall efficiency, specific speed, and net positive suction head, is crucial for development, operational limitations, and durability. Experimental investigation is a more realistic method, although it is possible to determine the hydraulic pump characteristics by means of mathematical methods. Therefore, an experimental investigation is performed for the determination of the centrifugal pump characteristics in this study by using an experim...

The transport of live fish is a routine practice in aquaculture and constitutes a considerable source of stress to the animals. The addition of anesthetic to the water used for fish transport can prevent or mitigate the deleterious effects of transport stress. This study investigated the effects of the addition of eugenol (EUG) (1.5 or 3.0 µL L–1) and essential oil of Lippia alba (EOL) (10 or 20 µL L–1) on metabolic parameters (glycogen, lactate and total protein levels) in liver and muscle, acetylcholinesterase activity (AChE) in muscle and brain, and the levels of protein carbonyl (PC), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and nonprotein thiol groups (NPSH) and activity of glutathione-S-transferase in the liver of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen; Quoy and Gaimard, 1824) transported for four hours in plastic bags (loading density of 169.2 g L–1). The addition of various concentrations of EUG (1.5 or 3.0 µL L–1) and EOL (10 or 20 µL L–1) to the transport water is advisable...

North Pacific subtropical high (NPSH) is permanent high-pressure system over the Northern Pacific Ocean and it extends to the western North Pacific during the boreal summer (June-July-August), which is so called the western North Pacific subtropical high (WNPSH). Here, we examine the covariability of the NPSH-WNPSH during summer using both observation and Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) model data. The statistical analyses indicate that the NPSH-WNPSH covariability shows significant decadal variability in the observations, in addition, the in-phase relationship of NPSH-WNPSH is enhanced after the mid-to-late 1990s. A dipole-like sea surface temperature (SST) pattern, i.e., a warming in the western Pacific and a cooling in the eastern Pacific, is dominant after the mid-to-late 1990s, which acts to enhance the covariability of NPSH-WNPSH by modulating the atmospheric teleconnections. However, the covariability of NPSH-WNPSH in the future climate is not much influ...

Import 04/07/2011Náplní diplomové práce je návrh zařízení pro dopravu studené vody pro centrální klimatizaci dolu. Práce obsahuje část teoretickou a návrhovou. V teoretické části je zpracována problematika dopravy studené vody do dolu, dále porovnány její varianty a vysvětlen princip dávkovače. V návrhové části byl navržen a podložen výpočty celý dopravní systém. Bylo navrženo potrubí do dolu, jeho izolace, čerpadlo primárního okruhu, parametry dávkovače, hydraulický obvod pro řízení armatur dávkovače podle navrženého časového diagramu, specifikace zvolených prvků, tepelné přenosy v komorách dávkovače, příklad výpočtu množství zchlazeného vzduchu pro zvolené teploty a dodávaný chladící výkon a další.The content of the thesis is a design of a cold water transport for a mining central air conditioning. The work includes the theory and design. The theoretical part deals with the problem of the cold water transport to the mine, comparing the options and explaining the principle of the p...

Introduction: Oxidative stress has been suggested as the main trigger and pathological mechanism of toxic liver injury. Effects of powerful free radical scavenger С60 fullerene on rat liver injury and liver cells (HepG2 line) were aimed to be discovered.Methods: Acute liver injury (ALI) was simulated by single acetaminophen (APAP, 1000 mg/kg) administration, on a chronic CLI, by 4 weekly APAP administrations. Pristine C60 fullerene aqueous colloid solution (C60FAS; initial concentration 0.15 mg/mL) was administered per os or intraperitoneally at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg (ALI) or 0.25 mg/kg (CLI) daily for 2 or 28 days, respectively, after first APAP dose. Animals were sacrificed at 24th hour after the last dose. Biochemical markers of blood serum and liver autopsies were analyzed. EGFR expression in HepG2 cells after 48-hour incubation with C60FAS was assessed. Results: Increase of serum conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin (up to 1.4-3.7 times), ALT (by 31-37%), and AST (by 18%) in non...

In this study, the effects of lead (Pb) on growth, photosynthetic pigments concentration, lipid peroxidation, electrolyte leakage percentage (ELP), protein oxidation, aminolevulinate dehydratase (ALA-D; E.C. 4.2.1.24), ascorbate peroxidase (APX; E.C. 1.11.1.11), catalase (CAT; E.C. 1.11.1.6) and superoxide dismutase (SOD; E.C. 1.15.1.1) activities, and ascorbic acid (AsA), non-protein thiol groups (NPSH) and total soluble protein concentrations in cucumber seedlings (Cucumis sativus L.) were investigated. Seedlings were grown in vitro in an agar-solidified substrate containing three Pb levels as (C2H3O2)Pb.3H2O (0, 100, 400, and 1000 µmol L-1) for 10 d. Increasing Pb concentrations in substrate enhanced Pb concentration in both roots and shoot. Pb accumulated at a higher amount in roots. Root length and total fresh weight were decreased at the two highest Pb concentrations. Cucumber showed no reduction in shoot length and total dry weight at any Pb level. The highest Pb concentratio...