Proton Nmr

Analysis of the 1 H NMR spectra of eight stereodefined alkylidenecycloalkanes allows determination of the magnitude of allylic coupling in these compounds. In contrast to the trend normally observed, the magnitude of transoid-allylic coupling was found to be invariably greater by ~0.5 Hz than the cisoid-allylic coupling. The larger transoid-allylic coupling may be attributed to the slightly smaller dihedral angle relating allylic =C-C-H plane with the C=C-C plane in the E-isomers.

PURPOSE. Bonding agents (BAs) are the crucial weak link of composite restorations. Since the commercial materials’ compositions are not disclosed, studies to formulize the optimum ratios of different components are of value. The aim of this study was to find a proper formula of BAs.
MATERIALS AND METHODS. This explorative experimental in vitro study was composed of 4 different sets of extensive experiments. A commercial BA and 7 experimental formulas were compared in terms of degree of conversion (5 experimental formulas), shear bond strength, mode of failure, and microleakage (3 experimental formulas). Statistical analyses were performed (α=0.05). The DC of selected formula was tested one year later.
RESULTS. The two-way ANOVA indicated a significant difference between the SBS of two tissues (dentin vs. enamel, P=.0001) in a way that dentinal bonds were weaker. However, there was no difference between the four materials (P=.283). The adhesive mode of failure was predominant in all groups. No differences between the microleakage of the four materials at occlusal (P=.788) or gingival (P=.508) sites were detected (Kruskal-Wallis). The Mann-Whitney U test showed a significant difference between the microleakage of all materials (3 experimental formulas and a commercial material) together at the occlusal site versus the gingival site (P=.041).
CONCLUSION. A formula with 62% Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate (Bis-GMA), 37% Hydroxy Ethyl Methacrylate (HEMA), 0.3% camphorquinone (CQ), and 0.7% dimethyl-para-toluidine (DMPT) seems a proper formula for mass production. The microleakage and SBS might be respectively higher and lower on dentin compared to enamel.

The optimized structures of the 3,6-di(hexylthioureido)acridine conformers were obtained using density functional theory (DFT) and ONIOM methods. Three conformers of 3,6-di(hexylthioureido )acridine and their corresponding protonated forms were found. Single-point energies ...

The previously observed improvement in spectral resolution of tissue proton NMR with high-resolution magic angle spinning (HRMAS) was speculated to be due largely to freeze-thawing artifacts resulting from tissue storage. In this study, 12 human prostate samples were analyzed on a 14.1T spectrometer at 3°C, with HRMAS rates of 600 and 700 Hz. These samples were measured fresh and after they were frozen for 12–16 hr prior to thawing. The spectral linewidths measured from fresh and previously frozen samples were identical for all metabolites except citrate and acetate. The metabolite intensities of fresh and freeze-thawed samples depend on the quantification procedures used; however, in this experiment the differences of means were <30%. As expected, it was found that tissue storage impacts tissue quality for pathological analysis, and HRMAS conditions alone are not sufficiently destructive to impair pathological evaluation. Furthermore, although storage conditions affect absolute metabolite concentrations in NMR analysis, relative metabolite concentrations are less affected. Magn Reson Med 50:1307–1311, 2003. © 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.