SMC DMC

The Ethereum block chain as a decentralized platform is so successful that many applications deployed on it. However, for the inherent transparency properties and the lack of privacy, deploying a financial application on top of it is always a challenge. In this paper, we tackle this challenge and propose an anonymous sealed-bid auction protocol based on time-released encryption atop Consortium Block chain. We adopt a strict digital certificate-based identity mechanism of the consortium block chain to permit legitimate participants, and utilize the blind signature based on elliptic curve technology to allowing anonymous participation. Moreover, a timed release public key encryption algorithm is adopted to encrypt bids and prevent auctioneer from colluding with bidders. This is completely different from the method (zero-knowledge proof) used in other papers to prevent collusion between auctioneer and bidder. We provide a specific analysis of our protocol, which shows that our protocol meets anonymity and applicability.

ABSTRACT DC motors are used in most industrial processes, robots, and CNC machines etc. The main parameters interested in control system are speed, accuracy, and steady-state error. A choice of Sliding Mode Controller (SMC) had been backed by its advantages as a high speed, more accuracy, and simple installation; however the drawback of using SMC is the high frequencies on the output called chattering phenomenon. This paper presents the design of a New Sliding Mode Controller based on state feedback controller (SMSFC), a new algorithm propose to reduce the chattering phenomenon by utilizing to reduce the gain value of SMC. Results have obtained it shows that the chattering is decreased up to 85% also the value of the gain controller is decreased (from 40% to 95%) especially in sliding phase, The results show a robust algorithm (more so than traditional ones) high accuracy and speedy response were achieved via external load and change in the system parameters.

Background: Meiosis is a unique mechanism in gamete production and a fundamental process shared by all sexually reproducing eukaryotes. Meiosis requires several specialized and highly conserved genes whose expression can also identify the germ cells undergoing gametogenic differentiation. Sea urchins are echinoderms, which form a phylogenetic sister group of chordates. Sea urchin embryos undergo a feeding, planktonic larval phase in which they construct an adult rudiment prior to metamorphosis. Although a series of conserved meiosis genes (e.g., dmc1, msh5, rad21, rad51, and sycp1) is expressed in sea urchin oocytes, we sought to determine when in development meiosis would first be initiated. Results: We surveyed the expression of several meiotic genes and their corresponding proteins in the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. Surprisingly, meiotic genes are highly expressed not only in ovaries but beginning in larvae. Both RNA and protein localizations strongly suggest that meiotic gene expression initiates in tissues that will eventually give rise to the adult rudiment of the late larva. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that broad expression of the molecules associated with meiotic differentiation initiates prior to metamorphosis and may have additional functions in these cells, or mechanisms repressing their function, until later in development when gametogenesis begins.