Spoofs

This paper examines an Ars subtilior fragmentary found in the Musicology Department at Munich University, which shows the textless 3-part piece by Josephus Paganus, based on the hymn "Hodierna feria" (Carnevalis, Vesper). This piece is presented also in facsimile reproduction and modern transcription as appendix.

We present a new attack called the snoop-forge-replay attack on keystroke-based continuous verification systems. The snoop-forge-replay is a sample-level forgery attack and is not specific to any particular keystroke-based continuous verification method or system. It can be launched with easily available keyloggers and APIs for keystroke synthesis. Our results from 2640 experiments show that: 1) the snoop-forge-replay attacks achieve alarmingly high error rates compared to zero-effort impostor attacks, which have been the de facto standard for evaluating keystroke-based continuous verification systems; 2) four state-of-the-art verification methods, three types of keystroke latencies, and 11 matching-pair settings (-a key parameter in continuous verification with keystrokes) that we examined in this paper were susceptible to the attack; 3) the attack is effective even when as low as 20 to 100 keystrokes were snooped to create forgeries. In light of our results, we question the security offered by current keystroke-based continuous verification systems. Additionally, in our experiments, we harnessed virtualization technology to generate thousands of keystroke forgeries within a short time span. We point out that virtualization setup such as the one used in our experiments can also be exploited by an attacker to scale and speedup the attack.

A spoof tells a story with a humorous twist or an unpredictable and usually funny ending. It is usually a story that could have happened in the past which has a social function to entertain and give a moral message to the readers/listeners. This research used a mix method to find out students’ problems in writing spoofs, especially problems with text organization and language features. The results are expected to be useful for other teachers and for students faced with writing a spoof. The population for this study was the third year students at a high school in Padang and the sample two classes were selected by using a stratified cluster random sample technique. The researcher used a writing task as the research instrument to obtain the data. Based on the data, it was found that more than 50% of the students in the sample had problems in writing a spoof.  It can be suggested that writing comprehension and characteristic of texts should be taught in various techniques and strategies...