Synthesis of new palladium(II) complexes, [Pd(L)Cl] (C1) and [Pd(L)PPh3](ClO4) (C2), with ONS donor thioether ligand (HL) is reported. All the complexes were thoroughly characterized by using numerous spectroscopic techniques like FT-IR,... more
Synthesis of new palladium(II) complexes, [Pd(L)Cl] (C1) and [Pd(L)PPh3](ClO4) (C2), with ONS donor thioether
ligand (HL) is reported. All the complexes were thoroughly characterized by using numerous spectroscopic techniques like FT-IR, NMR and UV–visible spectroscopy and so forth. Distorted square planar geometries of the complexes were confirmed unambiguously by means of single crystal X–ray diffraction analysis. Moreover, DFT and TDDFT calculations were performed to interpret the electronic structure, redox and spectral properties of the complexes. Cytotoxicity of the complexes was evaluated in vitro using MTT assay on human gastric cancer cell lines (AGS). The anti-cancer effects of HL and palladium(II) complexes (C1/C2) on AGS cell lines were determined
by comparing the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values. The results revealed that synthesized
palladium(II) complexes (C1/C2) showed higher anti-cancer activity (IC50 =13.4 μM for C1 and 16.0 μM for C2) compare to HL against AGS cell lines (67.1 μM).
Targeting the tumor vasculature is an attractive strategy for cancer treatment. However, the tumor vasculature is heterogeneous, and the mechanisms involved in the neovascularization of tumors are highly complex. Vasculogenic mimicry (VM)... more
Targeting the tumor vasculature is an attractive strategy for cancer treatment. However, the tumor vasculature is heterogeneous, and the mechanisms involved in the neovascularization of tumors are highly complex. Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) refers to the formation of vessel-like structures by tumor cells, which can contribute to tumor neovascularization, and is closely related to metastasis and a poor prognosis. Here, we report a novel function of AXL receptor tyrosine kinase (AXL) in the regulation of VM formation in breast cancer cells. MDA-MB-231 cells exhibited VM formation on Matrigel cultures, whereas MCF-7 cells did not. Moreover, AXL expression was positively correlated with VM formation. Pharmacological inhibition or AXL knockdown strongly suppressed VM formation in MDA-MB-231 cells, whereas the overexpression of AXL in MCF-7 cells promoted VM formation. In addition, AXL knockdown regulated epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) features, increasing cell invasion and migrati...
