Weaning Foods
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Recent papers in Weaning Foods
Socioeconomic relevance of fermented food in developing countries is evident. However, the production of this category of food is still achieved under primitive conditions. Ogi a fermented product from maize, sorghum or millet is usually... more
Socioeconomic relevance of fermented food in developing countries is evident. However, the production of this category of food is still achieved under primitive conditions. Ogi a fermented product from maize, sorghum or millet is usually transformed into gruel or porridge when heated. About a quarter of Nigeria population is said to consume Ogi on a weekly bases. This coupled with increasing industrialization and urbanisation in the country may however dictate the need for large-scale production of Ogi. The proposal for industrialisation of this process will lead to a deliberate and calculated combination of chemical or mechanical steps to aid the manufacture of this product. However, the growth of small-scale or large industries for this product may be confronted with some limiting factors prevalent in most third world countries. Ogi production have some similarities in unit operations when compared with corn starch production, therefore the same technologies may be adopted with appropriate modification in the production of Ogi and this will provide employment to a number of people. This review is with a view to establish the need to mechanise the process and as well as point out the technological and economical implication.
ABSTRACT: Early weaning practices are one of the most important causes of malnutrition of children which ultimately increase the chance of infant morbidity and mortality. The present study was carried out to develop cereal based... more
ABSTRACT: Early weaning practices are one of the most important causes of malnutrition of children which ultimately
increase the chance of infant morbidity and mortality. The present study was carried out to develop cereal based
supplementary food from indigenous raw materials for young children and to evaluate nutritional quality. The formulated
baby food was produced from soy flour and wheat flour and was analyzed for their chemical, functional, microbiological and
sensory qualities using standard methods. Moisture, Ash, Protein, Fat and Crude Fiber content was found 2.78%, 1.88%,
11.91%, 8.61% and 0.58% respectively, which was able to meet the young children’s recommended daily allowances. The
values of functional properties such as water absorption capacity 156.35%, bulk density 0.50%, solubility 47.913%, swelling
power 12.16% and viscosity 34.4% were found. The microbial analysis was done to see the acceptability of the product and
the result was good from the microbiological point of view. The main metal content of the formulated baby food such as
sodium, potassium, iron, magnesium, zinc and calcium were 224.4, 280, 8.0, 5.1 and 453.4 (mg/100g) respectively and
Vitamin A was found 200μg/100gm. The heavy metal content of the formulated weaning food was found below the
detectable level. On the basis of results pertaining to chemical and functional properties of the formulated baby food, the
nutrient content was sufficient to meet the infant’s basic need. Therefore, the food may support us to maintain a healthier
life at a cheap rate which is locally available and help to reduce malnutrition situation in Bangladesh.
increase the chance of infant morbidity and mortality. The present study was carried out to develop cereal based
supplementary food from indigenous raw materials for young children and to evaluate nutritional quality. The formulated
baby food was produced from soy flour and wheat flour and was analyzed for their chemical, functional, microbiological and
sensory qualities using standard methods. Moisture, Ash, Protein, Fat and Crude Fiber content was found 2.78%, 1.88%,
11.91%, 8.61% and 0.58% respectively, which was able to meet the young children’s recommended daily allowances. The
values of functional properties such as water absorption capacity 156.35%, bulk density 0.50%, solubility 47.913%, swelling
power 12.16% and viscosity 34.4% were found. The microbial analysis was done to see the acceptability of the product and
the result was good from the microbiological point of view. The main metal content of the formulated baby food such as
sodium, potassium, iron, magnesium, zinc and calcium were 224.4, 280, 8.0, 5.1 and 453.4 (mg/100g) respectively and
Vitamin A was found 200μg/100gm. The heavy metal content of the formulated weaning food was found below the
detectable level. On the basis of results pertaining to chemical and functional properties of the formulated baby food, the
nutrient content was sufficient to meet the infant’s basic need. Therefore, the food may support us to maintain a healthier
life at a cheap rate which is locally available and help to reduce malnutrition situation in Bangladesh.
- by Nusrat Abedin and +1
- •
- Weaning Foods
Objectives This paper investigates infant feeding practices through stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotopic analyses of human bone collagen from Kamennyi Ambar 5, a Middle Bronze Age cemetery located in central Eurasia. The... more
Objectives
This paper investigates infant feeding practices through stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotopic analyses of human bone collagen from Kamennyi Ambar 5, a Middle Bronze Age cemetery located in central Eurasia. The results presented are unique for the time period and region, as few cemeteries have been excavated to reveal a demographic cross-section of the population. Studies of weaning among pastoral societies are infrequent and this research adds to our knowledge of the timing, potential supplementary foods, and cessation of breastfeeding practices.
Materials and Methods
Samples were collected from 41 subadults (<15 yrs.) and 27 adults (15+ yrs.). Isotopic reference sets from adult humans as well as faunal remains were utilized, as these form the primary and complementary foods fed to infants.
Results
Slight shifts in δ13C and δ15N values revealed that weaning was a multi-stage process (breastfeeding, weaning, and complete cessation of nursing) that began at six months of age, occurred over several years of early childhood, and was completed by four years of age.
Discussion
Our results indicate that weaning was a multi-stage process that was unique among late prehistoric pastoralist groups in Eurasia that were dependent on milk products as a supplementary food. Our discussion centers on supporting this hypothesis with modern information on central and east Eurasian herding societies including the age at which complementary foods are introduced, the types of complementary foods, and the timing of the cessation of breastfeeding. Integral to this work is the nature of pastoral economies and their dependence on animal products, the impact of complementary foods on nutrition and health, and how milk processing may have affected nutrition content and digestibility of foods. This research on Eurasian pastoralists provides insights into the complexities of weaning among prehistoric pastoral societies as well as the potential for different complementary foods to be incorporated into infant diets in the past.
This paper investigates infant feeding practices through stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotopic analyses of human bone collagen from Kamennyi Ambar 5, a Middle Bronze Age cemetery located in central Eurasia. The results presented are unique for the time period and region, as few cemeteries have been excavated to reveal a demographic cross-section of the population. Studies of weaning among pastoral societies are infrequent and this research adds to our knowledge of the timing, potential supplementary foods, and cessation of breastfeeding practices.
Materials and Methods
Samples were collected from 41 subadults (<15 yrs.) and 27 adults (15+ yrs.). Isotopic reference sets from adult humans as well as faunal remains were utilized, as these form the primary and complementary foods fed to infants.
Results
Slight shifts in δ13C and δ15N values revealed that weaning was a multi-stage process (breastfeeding, weaning, and complete cessation of nursing) that began at six months of age, occurred over several years of early childhood, and was completed by four years of age.
Discussion
Our results indicate that weaning was a multi-stage process that was unique among late prehistoric pastoralist groups in Eurasia that were dependent on milk products as a supplementary food. Our discussion centers on supporting this hypothesis with modern information on central and east Eurasian herding societies including the age at which complementary foods are introduced, the types of complementary foods, and the timing of the cessation of breastfeeding. Integral to this work is the nature of pastoral economies and their dependence on animal products, the impact of complementary foods on nutrition and health, and how milk processing may have affected nutrition content and digestibility of foods. This research on Eurasian pastoralists provides insights into the complexities of weaning among prehistoric pastoral societies as well as the potential for different complementary foods to be incorporated into infant diets in the past.
Age of weaning is an important measure of parental investment, and in various human and non-human primate studies, has been correlated with a range of developmental factors such as stature, cognitive functions, obesity, ability to cope... more
Age of weaning is an important measure of parental investment, and in various human and non-human primate studies, has been correlated with a range of developmental factors such as stature, cognitive functions, obesity, ability to cope with stress, and rates of disease. Archaeological estimation of the age of weaning is generally at the population level, raising a number of challenges in using such data to test anthropological theory. We describe a method that allows estimation of age of weaning at the individual level, based on the measurement of stable nitrogen isotope ratios in serial sections of first molar dentin collagen. We apply this microsampling technique to a sample of individuals from CA-CCO-548, a well-studied and ancient site on the banks of Marsh Creek in Central California. Results show great variation between individuals in both the age at which solid food was introduced, the termination of breastfeeding, and the source of early childhood foods.
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