Web Databases

Database systems have been driving dynamic websites since the early 1990s; nowadays, even seemingly static websites employ a database back-end for personalization and advertising purposes. In order to keep up with the high demand fuelled by the rapid growth of the Internet, a number of caching and materialization techniques have been proposed for web databases over the years. The main goal of these techniques is to improve performance, scalability, and manageability of database-driven dynamic websites, in a ...

""As map-based visualizations of documents become more ubiquitous, there is a greater need for them to support intellectual and creative high-level cognitive activities with collections of non-cartographic materials — documents. This dissertation concerns the conceptualization of map-based visualizations as tools for sensemaking and collection understanding. As such, map-based visualizations would help people use georeferenced documents to develop understanding, gain insight, discover knowledge, and construct meaning.

This dissertation explores the role of graphical representations (such as maps, Kohonen maps, pie charts, and other) and interactions with them for developing map-based visualizations capable of facilitating sensemaking activities such as collection understanding. While graphical representations make document collections more perceptually and cognitively accessible, interactions allow users to adapt representations to users’ contextual needs. By interacting with representations of documents or collections and being able to construct representations of their own, people are better able to make sense of information, comprehend complex structures, and integrate new information into their existing mental models. In sum, representations and interactions may reduce cognitive load and consequently expedite the overall time necessary for completion of sensemaking activities, which typically take much time to accomplish.

The dissertation proceeds in three phases. The first phase develops a conceptual framework for translating ontological properties of collections to representations and for supporting visual tasks by means of graphical representations. The second phase concerns the cognitive benefits of interaction. It conceptualizes how interactions can help people during complex sensemaking activities. Although the interactions are explained on the example of a prototype built with Google Maps, they are independent of Google Maps and can be applicable to various other technologies. The third phase evaluates the utility, analytical capabilities and usability of the additional representations when users interact with a visualization prototype – VIsual COLlection EXplorer. The findings suggest that additional representations can enhance understanding of map-based visualizations of library collections: specifically, they can allow users to see trends, gaps, and patterns in ontological properties of collections.""

The newer version of VICOLEX is available at: http://abuchel.physics.uwo.ca/~obuchel/VICOLEX/map4.php

This is a user’s guide for the Spice-SOM - a Self-Organizing Map (SOM) application. It doesnot intend to introduce about SOM theories. You can find more knowledge about SOM and Neural Network (NN) in other textbooks.Depending on the version, some contents of this material may be different with your downloaded Spice-SOM.The purpose of this program is to get you started quickly with Neural Network without havingto go through lengthy theory of the Neural Network background. Once you understand these programs you will be able to consult the Neural Network materials on a need basis.Spice-SOM's arm is to introduce NN and SOM to graduated students studying ComputationalIntelligence. Currently Spice-SOM has been using by many students around the world. Spice-SOM has interfaces in Vietnamese, English and Japanese.Spice-SOM was written by CAO THANG when he did researches in the Soft IntelligenceLaboratory, Ritsumeikan University, Japan, 2003-2007.Spice-SOM and Spice-Neuro can be downloaded at download.cnet.com

The Group for Research in Pathology Education (GRIPE) is an organization of pathology educators whose purpose is to promote and facilitate excellence in pathology education. One important function of GRIPE is the maintenance of image and multiple-choice test question data banks. These resources have recently been made available online via the GRIPE Digital Library Web site. The purpose of the GRIPE Digital Library project was to develop an online searchable database that would facilitate access to the GRIPE resources for pathology education. The GRIPE image bank--containing approximately 3000 peer-reviewed gross and microscopic pathologic images along with textual descriptions--was linked with the GRIPE test question bank using Gossamer Thread's DBMan Web database management program. The search and display templates create a functional user interface that integrates images, image descriptions, and test questions into a single online digital library. Using any Web browser, facult...

This paper introduces a system that realizes a simultaneous registration of scholarly papers for both a researcher database and a repository. An institutional repository is a method to realize free access to research outputs. However, the number of scholarly papers archived in institutional repositories is extremely small compared to the papers practically produced by researchers. The authors considered that an obstacle to increase the number is the efforts of researchers to register their papers to institutional repositories, and they developed a system that realizes a simultaneous registration of papers to the researcher database and the institutional repository in their university. This paper introduces the main idea and the details of the implementation of the system.

Fairness evaluating effects of prescriptions is indispensably importance in disease treatment. The
development of Intelligence Technologies nowadays makes it realizable for a moderation of subjective
prescription evaluations in medicine. In this paper, we present an application of Self-Organizing Map (SOM) to
visualization of herbal prescription effects in Oriental Medicine (OM). The application is used to estimate
influence of herbal ingredients prescribed for patients who have several concurrent diseases. Inputs to the SOM
are herbal treatment prescriptions, and an output is a map that shows disease states that can be influenced by
these prescriptions. Training data is 133 standard prescriptions with 221 popular herbs in 17 disease groups
collected from oriental medical text books by experienced doctors. First, the prescription problem in OM is
described. Next, the system structure and implementation of the proposed system are shown. Finally, the
visualization abilities of the proposed system verified by experienced doctors are presented

This research aimed to develop an information system supporting research on rubber (ISSR) in Thailand. This system was designed as a web application with responsive web design. The rubber database was developed with MySQL, used Apache server as a web server and programed with PHP-script. HighChart, Google Chart API and Java technology were used to represent an online information with graphical format. The system was tested with the actual data on rubber research in Southern Thailand. The system has been available online at URL http://www.s-cm.site/issr. There are three type of users: administrator, researcher (member) and generic user. The researcher performed data entry about research with log-in to the system using username and password provided by the automatic system via online registration form. The administrator can manage the research information. The researchers can manage their research information, use searching tool and leave comments on other member's research. The generic users can access the system without username and password to view the research and general information on rubber. Moreover, the system generates a report on rubber research with online graphical format. In conclusion, this information system enhances investigation on rubber research in Thailand and its strategy planning for rubber plantation in the future. Keywords: Responsive web Rubber Support system Web database This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA license.

In this paper, we outline our work on developing a disk-based infrastructure for efficient visualization and graph exploration operations over very large graphs. The proposed platform, called graphVizdb, is based on a novel technique for indexing and storing the graph. Particularly, the graph layout is indexed with a spatial data structure, i.e., an R-tree, and stored in a database. In runtime, user operations are translated into efficient spatial operations (i.e., window queries) in the backend.

Background Pinus pinaster is an economically and ecologically important species that is becoming a woody gymnosperm model. Its enormous genome size makes whole-genome sequencing approaches are hard to apply. Therefore, the expressed portion of the genome has to be characterised and the results and annotations have to be stored in dedicated databases. Description EuroPineDB is the largest sequence collection available for a single pine species, Pinus pinaster (maritime pine), since it comprises 951 641 raw sequence reads obtained from non-normalised cDNA libraries and high-throughput sequencing from adult (xylem, phloem, roots, stem, needles, cones, strobili) and embryonic (germinated embryos, buds, callus) maritime pine tissues. Using open-source tools, sequences were optimally pre-processed, assembled, and extensively annotated (GO, EC and KEGG terms, descriptions, SNPs, SSRs, ORFs and InterPro codes). As a result, a 10.5× P. pinaster genome was covered and assembled in 55 322 UniGenes. A total of 32 919 (59.5%) of P. pinaster UniGenes were annotated with at least one description, revealing at least 18 466 different genes. The complete database, which is designed to be scalable, maintainable, and expandable, is freely available at: http://www.scbi.uma.es/pindb/. It can be retrieved by gene libraries, pine species, annotations, UniGenes and microarrays (i.e., the sequences are distributed in two-colour microarrays; this is the only conifer database that provides this information) and will be periodically updated. Small assemblies can be viewed using a dedicated visualisation tool that connects them with SNPs. Any sequence or annotation set shown on-screen can be downloaded. Retrieval mechanisms for sequences and gene annotations are provided. Conclusions The EuroPineDB with its integrated information can be used to reveal new knowledge, offers an easy-to-use collection of information to directly support experimental work (including microarray hybridisation), and provides deeper knowledge on the maritime pine transcriptome.

... new links, the colors that we prefer, as well as some information that we want to publish and that had not been identified in the user requirement phase. ... Tools and approaches for developing data-intensive Web applications: a survey. ... (1995), RMM: A Methodology for Structured ...

In 1994, we set out with a grant from the Human Brain Project to develop a database of exemplary models that would be freely accessible from the Web. In achieving this goal, we prototyped the Brain Models on the Web database (BMW) and the Summary Database (SDB). BMW contains models in an Informix (trademark) database with links into the Summary Database which contains empirical neuroscience information to support the model: published literature on experiments, summaries of articles, etc. To make it easier and faster for the modeler to create new models, we created a schematic capture system that allows the modeler to "dragand-drop" icons/modules on a page and interconnect them. Being able to see the schematic of the model will help the experimentalist understand the model better and contribute to the model delineation. We also have created several interface modules which mimic many of the experimental protocols used by experimentalists. With a rich set of modules available...

After an introduction and a short description of the research methods usually adopted in scientific disciplines and particularly in palaeography, some hypotheses on the influence of new technologies on human learning and some examples of the use of Web technologies in manuscript cataloguing are proposed. The reasons for the project of an information system adopting Web technologies for manuscripts cataloguing are then reported and the meaning of an open catalogue strictly related to the above information system is presented. The project is applied to a concrete example to show one of the possible ways the information system can be used by the palaeographers' community and, more in general, by scientific community. The paper ends with the proposal of long term publishing hypotheses for materials collected within the database of the open catalogue.

Database systems have been driving dynamic websites since the early 1990s; nowadays, even seemingly static websites employ a database back-end for personalization and advertising purposes. In order to keep up with the high demand fuelled by the rapid growth of the Internet, a number of caching and materialization techniques have been proposed for web databases over the years. The main goal of these techniques is to improve performance, scalability, and manageability of database-driven dynamic websites, in a ...

XML (Extensible Mark up language) is emerging as a tool for representing and exchanging data over the internet. When we want to store and query XML data, we can use two approaches either by using native databases or XML enabled databases. In this paper we deal with XML enabled databases. We use relational databases to store XML documents. In this paper we focus on mapping of XML DTD into relations. Mapping needs three steps: 1) Simplify Complex DTD's 2) Make DTD graph by using simplified DTD's 3) Generate Relational schema. We present an inlining algorithm for generating relational schemas from available DTD's. This algorithm also handles recursion in an XML document.

"The Eighteenth Century Collections Online (ECCO) is the largest database of eighteenth century texts to date available online, that contains more than 180,000 titles covering the following subject areas: History and Geography, Social Sciences, Religion and Philosophy, General Reference, Fine Arts, Literature and Language, Law, and Medicine, Science and Technology. Berland (2006: 392) describes ECCO as a ‘text-base’, “a large body of digital texts including books, newspapers and such that are accessible on-line, that are fully searchable and reasonably comprehensive and accurate”. Offering unique online access to full texts produced in the universe of discourse of the eighteenth century and held in major libraries around the world, this database can be used in various fields of research (such as history and literary studies). I am interested in exploring the ways in which ECCO can be used as a resource in the study of past stages of the English language.

The aim of this paper, which forms part of a larger study on the uses of English cant and slang words in the Late Modern period, is to test the potential of ECCO as a corpus. To that end, I will conduct a small-scale investigation of the distribution and relative frequencies of a small set of cant terms in this database. Based on this work, I will offer a critical review of the methodological challenges posed by using ECCO as a corpus. Unlike electronic databases such as the Helsinki corpus, or Zurich Corpus of English Newspapers (ZEN), ECCO is not a corpus for linguistics research, because a historical corpus is designed on a set of principles, including careful sampling, and representativeness of a language or language variety (McEnery and Wilson 1996: 104). Another issue is that the texts captured in ECCO vary radically in size, and that duplicates and multiple editions of the same texts are included in the collection, which would compromise the matter of judging the status of frequency counts attempted. Furthermore, the data in ECCO are not text-searchable in the same way that electronic corpora are because the images are the result of a process called optical character recognition (OCR), i.e. the letters are made of pixels that form a picture of the text. For that reason, keyword searches may produce incorrect OCR results or invariant spelling forms, which need to be carefully scrutinised. In highlighting the methodological issues of conducting corpus research using this database, this paper will propose some alternative uses to which ECCO may be put into historical sociolinguistic research.