The wind energy conversion system (WECS) is based on three aspects (a) generators (b) Power converters and (c) the grid connection. The output of WECS is obtained at the load or at grid connected to the generator for both these purpose... more
The wind energy conversion system (WECS) is based on three aspects (a) generators (b) Power converters and (c) the grid connection. The output of WECS is obtained at the load or at grid connected to the generator for both these purpose power converter are required. In power electronics there are various types of converters but only few can be used in WECS. This paper gives a brief rev iew on the different types of power converters used in WECS. One of converter topologies used in WECS comp rises of generator side PWM rectifier, DC-link, and grid side PWM inverter. In WECS power converters are used to convert dc to dc. So basically the dc-dc converters are used. Some of the converters used in WECS are-(a) mult iple boost converter (b) matrix converter (c) PWM converters and (d) Multi-modular Converters.
— The connection of the wind turbine in the grid system leads to concern of power quality measurements like active power, reactive power, variation of voltage, flicker, harmonics, and electrical behavior of switching operation. This paper... more
— The connection of the wind turbine in the grid system leads to concern of power quality measurements like active power, reactive power, variation of voltage, flicker, harmonics, and electrical behavior of switching operation. This paper deals with permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) based wind energy conversion system (WECS) integrated with grid with two back to back connected converters with a common DC link. The machine side converter is used to extract maximum power from the wind. By maintaining the dc link voltage at its reference value, the output ac voltage of the inverter can be kept constant irrespective of change in the speed of wind and load. Modeling of Wind turbine, PMSG, controlling of generator side switch mode converter and Simulation results are presented. Simulation is developed with the help of MATLAB/SIMULINK.
— This paper discusses development propose design of wind energy conversion system (WECS) by vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) to empower street lighting. However, this paper specifically discusses the electrical system design which... more
— This paper discusses development propose design of wind energy conversion system (WECS) by vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) to empower street lighting. However, this paper specifically discusses the electrical system design which includes selection of electrical machine as power generator, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) charge controller, and inverter. The electrical machine to be used for this project is geared permanent magnet DC motor with gear ratio of 4:1. This is because that DC motor able to produce large amount current while having compact size to be able to fit on top of the street lighting pole. The MPPT charger is configured using DC-DC boost converter to step-up the DC voltage below than 12V that is produced by the permanent magnet DC machine to battery float voltage of 13.8V for off-grid operation. For the power inverter design, fundamental analysis was carried out in determining the switching angles for both of 5-level staircase selective harmonic elimination (SHE), and 5-level selective harmonic elimination with pulse width modulation (SHE-PWM). The inverter adopts design of multilevel modified H-bridge power inverter using SHE-PWM technique. The proposed system is verified through simulation and testing of the prototype. Keywords—pulse width modulation (PWM), Netwon-Raphson PWM technique, multi-level inverter, boost converter, maximum power point tracking (MPPT), Internet of Things (IoT), dc motor generator, vertical axis wind turbine
This paper introduces modelling and simulation of Doubly-Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) of Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS). Two Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) converters have been connected back to back from the rotor terminals to the... more
This paper introduces modelling and simulation of Doubly-Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) of Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS). Two Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) converters have been connected back to back from the rotor terminals to the utility grid via a dc-link. Vector control system typically controlled by a set of PI controllers, which have an important effect on the performance of system dynamics. This paper presents an optimally tuned PI controllers design of a DFIG wind energy system connected to grid using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), and Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO). PSO and GWO used to optimize PI controller parameters of both Grid side converter (GSC), and Rotor side converter (RSC) to improve the dynamic operation of the DFIG wind energy system under a variable speed condition.
This paper presents the performance analysis of Fuzzy Logic Controller through unbalanced voltage with the controlled output of doubly-fed induction generator produced by wind energy conversion system. A fuzzy logic controller is designed... more
This paper presents the performance analysis of Fuzzy Logic Controller through unbalanced voltage with the controlled output of doubly-fed induction generator produced by wind energy conversion system. A fuzzy logic controller is designed using MATLAB/Simulink, for the control strategy of rotor side converter (RSC) and grid side converter (GSC) is so that, the torque and dc voltage are remain stable during unbalanced loading. The machine uses two back to back converter controllers, to overcome problem due to harmonics used with various control schemes. Moreover, a THD analysis confirms the best quality of grid injected power.
This paper presents the study of the effect of increasing the penetration of Doubly Fed Induction Generators (DFIG) in the transient stability performance of a power system using a detailed model of the DFIG including the back to back... more
This paper presents the study of the effect of increasing the penetration of Doubly Fed Induction Generators (DFIG) in the transient stability performance of a power system using a detailed model of the DFIG including the back to back converter that uses Direct Torque Control (DTC) and Direct Power Control (DPC) on the machine- and grid-side inverters respectively. The wind turbine model includes the relation between the power coefficient, the tip speed ratio, and the pitch angle, and a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) strategy to define the torque reference. The stability analysis evaluated the critical clearance time (CCT) of three-phase faults in the 9-bus IEEE power system considering different levels of wind power penetration. Additionally, a wind turbine with a squirrel cage induction generator (SQIG), and synchronous generator cases were simulated as comparison patterns. Furthermore, to evaluate the power system transient performance with high penetration of DFIG generation, the Transient Stability Index (TSI) and the Transient Rotor Angle Severity Index (TRASI) were calculated and compared.
Power quality is the major concern in grid connected power systems, which will be effected when wind energy conversion system (WECS) is connected. The effects of power quality issues are the active power, reactive power, and variations of... more
Power quality is the major concern in grid connected power systems, which will be effected when wind energy conversion system (WECS) is connected. The effects of power quality issues are the active power, reactive power, and variations of voltage, current, frequency and switching operations. By proper compensation of the reactive power through a FACTS device, known as STATCOM, the power can be effectively transmitted and can meet the demand. This paper describes the modeling of STATCOM along with the design of controllers, even though the STATCOM is a nonlinear device due to its complexity in mathematical modeling, design of controllers for the converters is done by linear method. The designed controllers with variation of DC link voltage for WECS have been applied to the compensator. The design methodology and the simulation results are presented.
The main objective of Automatic Generation Control (AGC) is to keep the frequency within specified limits through primary and secondary control. In this study, a model of two area thermal non-reheat power system with integration of Doubly... more
The main objective of Automatic Generation Control (AGC) is to keep the frequency within specified limits through primary and secondary control. In this study, a model of two area thermal non-reheat power system with integration of Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) based Wind Energy Conversion (WEC) into both areas is presented. A Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller and a Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) have been applied and compared. The Proposed controllers are used to improve the dynamic response as well as to reduce or eliminate the steady-state error in Area Control Error (ACE). FLC has been offered better and faster performance over the PID controller. The results obtained prove the impact of DFIG-based WEC on AGC and confirm the participation of the DFIG in the frequency system.
This paper introduces modelling and simulation of Doubly-Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) of Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS). Two Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) converters have been connected back to back from the rotor terminals to the... more
This paper introduces modelling and simulation of Doubly-Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) of Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS). Two Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) converters have been connected back to back from the rotor terminals to the utility grid via a dc-link. Vector control system typically controlled by a set of PI controllers, which have an important effect on the performance of system dynamics. This paper presents an optimally tuned PI controllers design of a DFIG wind energy system connected to grid using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), and Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO). PSO and GWO used to optimize PI controller parameters of both Grid side converter (GSC), and Rotor side converter (RSC) to improve the dynamic operation of the DFIG wind energy system under a variable speed condition. Keywords-Doubly fed induction generator (DFIG), wind energy conversion system (WECS), Rotor side converter (RSC), Grid side converter (GSC), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Grey Wolf Optimi...
The standard grid codes suggested, that the wind generators should stay in connected and reliable active and reactive power should be provided during uncertainties. This paper presents an independent control of Grid Side Converter (GSC)... more
The standard grid codes suggested, that the wind generators should stay in connected and reliable active and reactive power should be provided during uncertainties. This paper presents an independent control of Grid Side Converter (GSC) for a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG). A novel GSC controller has been designed by incorporating a new Enhanced hysteresis comparator (EHC) that utilizes the hysteresis band to produce the suitable switching signal to the GSC to get enhanced controllability during grid unbalance. The EHC produces higher duty-ratio linearity and larger fundamental GSC currents with lesser harmonics. Thus achieve fast transient response for GSC. All these features are confirmed through time domain simulation on a 15 KW DFIG Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS).
This paper shows the wind driven self-excited induction generator used in wind turbine for drive applications. The self-excited induction generator is mathematically modeled to perform efficiently as a real time performance. Here we used... more
This paper shows the wind driven self-excited induction generator used in wind turbine for drive applications. The self-excited induction generator is mathematically modeled to perform efficiently as a real time performance. Here we used voltage source inverter which is a normal pulse width modulation inverter fed with resistive load. A voltage source inverter is used which forms a bridge between the self-excited induction generator and a load .The voltage source inverter are used to provide to make a system simple and cost effective. The simple arrangement is used such that the efficiency of the system becomes high with minimized losses. The PWM Inverters (VSI) is used to convert the variable magnitude and frequency voltage into reliable constant voltage and constant frequency supply to drive the isolated load. The self-excited induction generator and other power electronic converter components are modeled through coding and simulation in MATLAB/SIMULINK 8.1.604 (R2013a).
