Objective Around the world, scientists are looking for new animal protein sources and trying to prioritize the animals with the best conversion rates. One of these animals is Camel. Identification of genetic differences in sequences of... more
Objective Around the world, scientists are looking for new animal protein sources and trying to prioritize the animals with the best conversion rates. One of these animals is Camel. Identification of genetic differences in sequences of Mitochondrial Genome by Bioinformatics Tools is a rapid and confident method for identification and categorizing species. This method is one of the most effective ways of evaluating genetic biodiversity and Phylogenetic relationships in different livestock like Camel. This research was done for sequencing of Ribosomal non-coding RNA gene and comparison of its genetic construction between camelus dromedaries and camelus bactrianus of Iran. Materials and Methods
A multigene phylogeny including 24 Rhipicephalus species from the Afrotropical and Mediterranean regions, based on mitochondrial DNA genes (COI, 12S and 16S), was constructed based on Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood estimations.... more
A multigene phylogeny including 24 Rhipicephalus species from the Afrotropical and Mediterranean regions, based on mitochondrial DNA genes (COI, 12S and 16S), was constructed based on Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood estimations. The phylogenetic reconstruction revealed 31 Rhipicephalus clades, which include the first molecular records of Rhipicephalus duttoni (Neumann), and Rhipicephalus senegalensis (Koch). Our results support the R. pulchellus, R. evertsi and R. pravus complexes as more phylogenetically close to Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) than to the remaining Rhipicephalus clades, suggesting two main monophyletic groups within the genus. Additionally, the phenotypic resembling R. sanguineus s.l. and Rhipicephalus turanicus (Pomerantsev) are here represented by nine clades, of which none of the R. turanicus assemblages appeared as distributed in the Iberian Peninsula. These results not only indicate that both species include more cryptic diversity than the already reported, but also suggest that R. turanicus distribution is less extended than previously anticipated. This analysis allowed to improve species identification by exposing cryptic species and reinforced mtDNA markers suitability for intra/inter-species clarification analyses. Incorporating new species molecular records to improve phylogenetic clarification can significantly improve ticks’ identification methods which will have epidemiologic implications on public health.
One of the smallest fruit bats in Pteropodidae is Aethalops. This genus is known to be confined in montane forest, which is generally above 1000 meters above sea level (m.a.s.l.). Bornean Aethalops is generally known as Aethalops alecto... more
One of the smallest fruit bats in Pteropodidae is Aethalops. This genus is known to be confined in montane forest, which is generally above 1000 meters above sea level (m.a.s.l.). Bornean Aethalops is generally known as Aethalops alecto in most previous literature. This study aimed at constructing the phylogenetic relationship of A. alecto and A. aequalis in Sundaland and determining gene flow within Bornean A. aequalis using partial mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene. Seven populations of A. aequalis, representing Sabah and Sarawak and a single population from Kalimantan were observed, whereas A. alecto were represented by four populations from Indonesian islands. From the phylogenetic analyses and minimum spanning network, there were two major clusters within the genus, with Aethalops. A. aequalis in Borneo were clearly distinguished from A. alecto from the islands of Indonesia. However, phylogenetic analyses within A. aequalis were unresolved at the population levels in Sabah and Sarawak. Therefore, it can be concluded that A. aequalis is the species found only in Borneo. High genetic similarities were detected among the populations of A. aequalis in Sabah and Sarawak. Hypothetically, the Kalimantan harbors ancestral populations of A. aequalis in Borneo, with high genetic divergence from Sabah and Sarawak populations.
