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    AutoCAD Electrical 2020 Black Book
    AutoCAD Electrical 2020 Black Book
    AutoCAD Electrical 2020 Black Book
    Ebook939 pages5 hours

    AutoCAD Electrical 2020 Black Book

    By Gaurav Verma and Matt Weber

    4.5/5

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    About this ebook

    The AutoCAD Electrical 2020 Black Book, the fifth edition of AutoCAD Electrical Black book, has been updated as per the enhancements in the AutoCAD Electrical 2020. Following the same strategy as for the previous edition, the book follows a step by step methodology. It covers almost all the information required by a learner to master the AutoCAD Electrical. The book starts with basics of Electrical Designing, goes through all the Electrical controls related tools and discusses practical examples of electrical schematic and panel designing. Chapter on Reports makes you able to create and edit electrical component reports. We have also discusses the interoperability between Autodesk Inventor and AutoCAD Electrical which is need of industry these days. In this edition, two annexures are added to explain basic concepts of control panel designing. Some of the salient features of this book are :


    In-Depth explanation of concepts
    Every new topic of this book starts with the explanation of the basic concepts. In this way, the user becomes capable of relating the things with real world.


    Topics Covered
    Every chapter starts with a list of topics being covered in that chapter. In this way, the user can easy find the topic of his/her interest easily.

    Instruction through illustration
    The instructions to perform any action are provided by maximum number of illustrations so that the user can perform the actions discussed in the book easily and effectively. There are about 850 small and large illustrations that make the learning process effective.


    Tutorial point of view
    At the end of concept's explanation, the tutorial make the understanding of users firm and long lasting. Almost each chapter of the book has tutorials that are real world projects. Moreover most of the tools in this book are discussed in the form of tutorials.


    Project
    Free projects and exercises are provided to students for practicing.


    For Faculty
    If you are a faculty member, then you can ask for video tutorials on any of the topic, exercise, tutorial, or concept.

    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherCADCAMCAE Works
    Release dateSep 29, 2019
    ISBN9781393191452
    AutoCAD Electrical 2020 Black Book
    Author

    Gaurav Verma

    Gaurav Verma is currently a Full Professor at the Panjab University, Chandigarh, India (Dr. SS Bhatnagar University Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, and Adjunct Faculty at the Department of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology). He is a former CV Raman Post-Doctoral fellow from the Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), USA. His research focuses on the areas of applied nanoscience and nanostructured materials.

    Read more from Gaurav Verma

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    • 5/5

      Apr 9, 2020

      detailed information is very much helpful to beginners for better understanding the Autocad electrical software

    Book preview

    AutoCAD Electrical 2020 Black Book - Gaurav Verma

    Chapter 1

    Basics of Electrical Drawings

    The major topics covered in this chapter are:

    •Need of Drawings

    •Electrical Drawings

    •Common Symbols in Electrical Drawings

    •Wire and its Types

    •Labeling

    Need of Drawings

    In this book, we will learn about electrical wiring and schematics created by using tools in AutoCAD Electrical. Most of the readers of this book will be having prior experience with electrical drawings but there are a few topics that should be revised before we move on to practical on software.

    When we work in an electrical industry, we need to have a lot of information ready like the wire type, location of switches, load of every machine, and so on. It is very difficult to remember all these details if you are working on electrical system of a big plant because there might be thousands of wires connecting hundreds of switches and machines. To maintain accuracy in wiring of such big systems, we need electrical drawings. Earlier, electrical drawings were handmade but now, we use printed documentation for these informations. Figure-1 shows an electrical drawing (electronic).

    Electrical Drawings

    Electrical drawings are the representation of electrical components connected with wiring to perform specific tasks. An electrical drawing can be of a house, industry, or an electrical panel. Electrical drawings can be divided into following categories:

    •Circuit diagram

    •Wiring diagram

    •Wiring schedule

    •Block diagram

    •Parts list

    ​Circuit Diagram

    A circuit diagram shows how the electrical components are connected together. A circuit diagram consists:

    •Symbols to represent the components;

    •Lines to represent the functional conductors or wires which connect the components together.

    A circuit diagram is derived from a block or functional diagram (see Figure-2). It does not generally bear any relationship to the physical shape, size or layout of the parts. Although, you could wire up an assembly from the information given in it, they are usually intended to show the detail of how an electrical circuit works.

    ​Wiring Diagram

    A wiring diagram is the drawing which shows complete wiring between the components. We use wiring diagrams when we need to represent:

    •Control or signal functions;

    •Power supplies and earth connections;

    •Termination of unused leads, contacts;

    •Interconnection via terminal posts, blocks, plugs, sockets, and lead-throughs.

    The wiring diagrams have details, such as the terminal identification numbers which enable us to wire the unit together. Note that internal wiring of components is generally not displayed in the wiring diagrams. Figure-3 shows a wiring diagram.

    ​Wiring Schedule

    A wiring schedule defines the wire reference number, type (size and number of conductors), length, and the amount of insulation stripping required for soldering.

    In complex equipment, you may also find a table of interconnections which will give the starting and finishing reference points of each connection as well as other important information such as wire color, identification marking, and so on. Refer to Figure-4.

    ​Block Diagram

    The block diagram is a drawing which is used to show and describe the main operating principles of the equipment. The block diagram is usually drawn before the circuit diagram is started.

    It will not give the detail of the actual wiring connections or even the smaller components. Figure-5 shows a block diagram.

    ​Parts list

    Although, Part list is not a drawing in itself but most of the time it is a part of the electrical drawing project; refer to Figure-6. The parts list gives vital information:

    •It relates component to circuit drawing reference numbers.

    •It is used to locate and cross refer actual component code numbers to ensure you have the correct parts to commence a wiring job.

    We have discussed various types of electrical drawings and you may have noted that there are various symbols to represent components in these drawings. Following section will explains some common electrical symbols.

    Symbols in Electrical Drawings

    Symbols used in electrical drawings can be divided into various categories discussed next.

    ​Conductors

    There are 12 types of symbols for conductors; refer to Figure-7 and Figure-8. These symbols are discussed next.

    1. General symbol, conductor or group of conductors.

    2. Temporary connection or jumper.

    3. Two conductors, single-line representation.

    4. Two conductors, multi-line representation.

    5. Single-line representation of n conductors.

    6. Twisted conductors. (Twisted pair in this example.)

    7. General symbol denoting a cable.

    8. Example: eight conductor (four pair) cable.

    9. Crossing conductors – no connection.

    10. Junction of conductors (connected).

    11. Double junction of conductors.

    12. Alternatively used double junction.

    ​Connectors and terminals

    Refer to Figure-9.

    13. General symbol, terminal or tag.

    14. Link with two easily separable contacts.

    15. Link with two bolted contacts.

    16. Hinged link, normally open.

    17. Plug (male contact).

    18. Socket (female contact).

    19. Coaxial plug.

    20. Coaxial socket.

    These symbols are used for contacts with moveable links. The open circle is used to represent easily separable contacts and a solid circle is used for bolted contacts.

    ​Inductors and transformers

    Refer to Figure-10.

    21. General symbol, coil or winding.

    22. Coil with a ferromagnetic core.

    23. Transformer symbols.

    ​Resistors

    Refer to Figure-11.

    24. General symbol.

    25. Old symbol sometimes used.

    26. Fixed resistor with a fixed tapping.

    27. General symbol, variable resistance (potentiometer).

    28. Alternative (old).

    29. Variable resistor with preset adjustment.

    30. Two terminal variable resistance (rheostat).

    31. Resistor with positive temperature coefficient

    (PTC thermistor).

    32. Resistor with negative temperature coefficient

    (NTC thermistor).

    ​Capacitors

    Refer to Figure-12.

    33. General symbol, capacitor. (Connect either way round.)

    34. Polarised capacitor. (Observe polarity when making connection.)

    35. Polarized capacitor, electrolytic.

    36. Variable capacitor.

    37. Preset variable.

    ​Fuses

    Refer to Figure-13.

    38. General symbol, fuse.

    39. Supply side may be indicated by thick line: observe orientation.

    40. Alternative symbol (older).

    ​Switch contacts

    Refer to Figure-14.

    41. Break contact (BSI).

    42. Alternative break contact version 1 (older).

    43. Alternative break contact version 2.

    44. Make contact (BSI).

    45. Alternative make contact version 1.

    46. Alternative make contact version 2.

    47. Changeover contacts (BSI).

    48. Alternative showing make-before-break.

    49. Alternative showing break-before-make.

    ​Switch types

    Refer to Figure-15.

    50. Push button switch momentary.

    51. Push button, push on/push off (latching).

    52. Lever switch, two position (on/off).

    53. Key-operated switch.

    54. Limit (position) switch.

    ​Diodes and rectifiers

    Refer to Figure-16.

    55. Single diode. (Observe polarity.)

    56. Single phase bridge rectifier.

    57. Three-phase bridge rectifier arrangement.

    58. Thyristor or silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) general symbol.

    59. Thyristor – common usage.

    60. Triac – a two-way thyristor.

    ​Earthing

    Refer to Figure-17.

    Although there are lots of standard symbols in the electrical library, you might still need some user defined symbols for your drawing. You can create these symbols and give map keys/legends for them in the drawing. You will learn about creating symbols later in the book

    After learning about various symbols, the next important topic is wire and its specifications.

    Wire and Specifications

    Electrical equipment use a wide variety of wires and cables. It is the responsibility of designer to correctly identify and create the wires in the drawing which are suitable for the current application. The wrong wire types can cause operational problems and could render the unit unsafe. Some factors to be considered for wire selection are:

    • The insulation material;

    • The size of the conductor;

    • Conductor material;

    • Solid or stranded and flexible.

    ​Types of Wires

    •Solid or single-stranded wires are not very flexible and are used where rigid connections are acceptable or preferred usually in high current applications like in power switching contractors. This type of wire can be un-insulated.

    •Stranded wire is flexible and most interconnections between components are made with it.

    •Braided wire, also called Screened wire, is an ordinary insulated conductor surrounded by a conductive braiding. In this type of wire, the metal outer is not used to carry current but is normally connected to earth to provide an electrical shield to the internal conductors from outside electromagnetic interference.

    Wire specifications

    There are several ways to represent wire specifications in electrical drawings. The most common method is to specify the number of strands in the conductor, the diameter of the strands, the cross sectional area of the conductor, and then the insulation type. Refer to Figure-18:

    •The 1 means that it is single conductor wire.

    •The conductor is 0.6 mm in diameter and is insulated with PVC.

    •The conductor has a cross-sectional area nominally of 0.28 mm.

    Standard Wire Gauge

    If you are using solid wire in your drawings then it can be represented in drawing by using the Standard Wire Gauge or ​SWG system. The SWG number is equivalent to a specific diameter of conductor; refer to Figure-19.

    For example; 30 SWG is 0.25 mm diameter.

    14 SWG is 2 mm in diameter.

    The larger the number – the smaller the size of the conductor.

    There is also an American Wire Gauge (AWG) which uses the same principle, but the numbers and sizes do not correspond to those of SWG.

    Till this point, we have learned about various schematic symbols and wires. Now, we will learn about labeling of components.

    ​Labeling

    Labeling is the marking of components for identifying incoming and outgoing supply; refer to Figure-20.

    Coils are marked alphanumerically, e.g. A1, A2.

    Odd numbers – incoming supply terminal.

    Even numbers – outgoing terminal.

    Main contacts are marked with single numbers:

    Odd numbers – incoming supply terminal.

    Next even number – outgoing terminal.

    We will find different type of markings while working on the electrical drawings.

    Cable Markers

    Cable or wire markers are used to identify wires, especially in multi way cables or wiring harnesses. Both ends of the wires are marked with the same numbers to identify start and end of the wires.

    Often the cable/wire numbers are same as those of connectors to which they are connected. In any case, the wiring drawing or run-out sheet will give the wire numbers to be used. The markers are placed so that the number is read from the joint as illustrated. This example shows wire number 27; refer to Figure-21.

    Most of the cables have numbers printed as well as being colored, although you may find some wires/cables colored only.

    Some cable markers are wrapped round the wire and are adhesive, while others are like small sleeves which slip over the insulation.

    Self-Assessment

    Q1. Define Electrical Drawings and its types.

    Q2. What is the difference between circuit diagram and wiring diagram?

    Q3. ............... is a type of drawing which defines the wire reference number, type (size and number of conductors), length, and the amount of insulation stripping required for soldering.

    Q4. The .............. is a drawing which is used to show and describe the main operating principles of the equipment and is usually drawn before the circuit diagram is started.

    Q5. Which of the following is symbol for twisted pair conductor?

    A.

    B.

    C.

    D.

    Q6. Which symbol is used to represent easily separable contact?

    A.

    B.

    Q7. Which of the following wires are not very flexible and are used where rigid connections are accept able or preferred usually in high current applications ?

    A. Single-stranded wire

    B. Stranded Wire

    C. Braided Wire

    D. Coaxial Wire

    Q8. The larger the SWG number of wire – the smaller the size of the conductor (T/F)

    Answer for Self-Assessment:

    Ans3. Wiring Schedule, Ans4. Block Diagram, Ans5. D, Ans6.A, Ans7. A, Ans8. T

    Chapter 2

    Introduction to AutoCAD

    Electrical and Interface

    The major topics covered in this chapter are:

    •Introduction

    •System Requirement

    •Starting AutoCAD Electrical

    •Components of AutoCAD Electrical Interface

    •Starting Drawing

    •3D Printing

    Introduction to AutoCAD Electrical

    In today’s world, AutoCAD Electrical is a well-known name in the Electrical CAD industry. If we move back into the history, then first version of AutoCAD desktop applications came out around 1982 with the name AutoCAD Version 1.0. From 1982 to till today AutoCAD has gone through continuous enhancements and modifications. The AutoCAD Electrical is built on this known platform called AutoCAD. The latest version AutoCAD Electrical 2020 is the most advanced model of AutoCAD Electrical available for us. The software has expanded more into the user interface of AutoCAD Electrical and has become the most user friendly one. The 2020 version of software has rich capabilities to operate with Autodesk Inventor for 3D electrical CAD and electromechanical models. It features dark theme, cloud storage connectivity, and many performance improvements. For every tool/command it has more that one ways to invoke. This software also gives you the access to customize it as per your requirements.

    Although the software is capable to perform 3D operations but in this book, we will concentrate on 2D drawing creation. Now, we will learn to start AutoCAD Electrical and then we will discuss the interface of AutoCAD Electrical. But before we discuss about starting AutoCAD Electrical, Please check the system requirements to run AutoCAD Electrical 2020 properly. The system requirements are given next.

    System requirements for AutoCAD Electrical 2020

    Operating System

    Microsoft® Windows® 10

    Microsoft Windows 8.1 with Update KB2919355

    Microsoft Windows 7 SP1

    Note that 32-Bit AutoCAD Electrical 2020 software is not available

    CPU Type

    2.5–2.9 GHz processor or faster 64-bit (x64) processor

    Memory

    Basic : 8 GB (16 GB recommended)

    Display Resolution

    1920 x 1080 with True Color.

    Resolutions up to 3840 x 2160 supported on Windows 10, 64-bit systems (with capable display card).

    Display Card

    Basic: 1 GB GPU with 29 GB/s Bandwidth and DirectX 11 compliant

    Recommended: 4 GB GPU with 106 GB/s Bandwidth and DirectX 11 compliant

    Disk Space

    12.0 GB

    Pointing Device

    MS-Mouse compliant device

    Media (DVD)

    Download and installation from DVD

    Browser

    Windows Internet Explorer® 9.0 (or later)

    .NET Framework

    .NET Framework Version 4.7 or later

    *DirectX11 recommended by supported OS

    Make sure that you fulfill all the requirements for the software before running it.

    Note that there are various ways to perform the same operation in AutoCAD Electrical. Sometimes it may not be necessary to discuss all the ways so, we will be using the best practice to perform an operation.

    Starting AutoCAD Electrical

    •Click on the Start button in the Taskbar and type AutoCAD Electrical in the search box. The list of options related to AutoCAD Electrical will be displayed; refer to Figure-1.

    •Click on AutoCAD Electrical 2020 button from the list. AutoCAD Electrical will initialize and once the background processing is complete, the interface will be displayed as shown in Figure-2.

    By default, the CREATE option is selected from the bottom in the application window so the first screen is displayed as shown in Figure-2. The first screen interface of AutoCAD Electrical is divided into three columns. First column (Get Started) is for starting drawings. The second column (Recent Documents) is for opening the recent documents. The third column (Notifications) provides options to connect with other users of AutoCAD Electrical using your Autodesk account information.

    Click on the LEARN option from the bottom in the application interface, the first screen of AutoCAD Electrical will be displayed as shown in Figure-3. The first column is to check what’s new in AutoCAD Electrical 2020. Using the second column, you can go through the video tutorials covering the essential skills for using the software. In the third column, you have the options to access online resources of AutoCAD Electrical.

    Now, our first task is to create a drawing document. There are two major unit systems to create drawings: Metric (SI) and Imperial. We will learn to create drawings in both the unit systems.

    Creating a new drawing document

    •Click on the down arrow below ​Start Drawing button in the First Column of CREATE page in the interface. List of drawing templates will be displayed; refer to Figure-4.

    •Select the desired template from the list. The drawing environment will open according to the selected template; refer to Figure-5.

    Meaning of ​Default templates

    acad -Named Plot Styles.dwt :- Using this template, we can create drawings in imperial unit system (feet and inches)that can be printed in black and white.

    acad -Named Plot Styles3D.dwt :- Using this template, we can create 3D model in imperial unit system (feet and inches) that can be printed in black and white.

    acad.dwt :- Using this template, we can create drawings in imperial unit system (feet and inches)that can be printed in color.

    acad3D.dwt :- Using this template, we can create 3D model in imperial unit system (feet and inches) that can be printed in color.

    acadISO -Named Plot Styles.dwt :- Using this template, we can create drawings in metric unit system (millimeters)that can be printed in black and white.

    acadISO -Named Plot Styles3D.dwt :- Using this template, we can create 3D model in metric unit system (millimeters) that can be printed in black and white.

    acadiso.dwt :- Using this template, we can create drawings in metric unit system (millimeters)that can be printed in color.

    acadiso3D.dwt :- Using this template, we can create 3D model in metric unit system (millimeters) that can be printed in color.

    Tutorial-iArch.dwt :- Using this template, you can create architectural drawing that are compatible with the tutorial in default library. Note that the unit for this template is imperial (Feet and Inches).

    Tutorial-iMfg.dwt :- Using this template, you can create mechanical manufacturing drawing that are compatible with the tutorial in default library. Note that the unit for this template is imperial (Feet and Inches).

    Tutorial-mArch.dwt :- Using this template, you can create architectural drawing that are compatible with the tutorial in default library. Note that the unit for this template is metric (Millimeters).

    Tutorial-mMfg.dwt :- Using this template, you can create mechanical manufacturing drawing that are compatible with the tutorial in default library. Note that the unit for this template is metric (Millimeters).

    No Template - ​Imperial :- Using this template, you can create a new drawing using the imperial unit system and without using any template.

    No Template - ​Metric :- Using this template, you can create a new drawing using the metric unit system and without using any template.

    ​Electrical Templates

    The template files that start with ACE are meant for electrical drawings. Also, you can use ​ACAD Electrical.dwt and ​ACAD Electrical IEC.dwt for creating AutoCAD Electrical drawings. You will learn about these templates later in the book.

    Now, we know about the default templates. We have learned to create a new document with a selected template. Now, we will learn about interface. We have divided the AutoCAD Electrical interface into following sections for easy understanding:

    •Title Bar

    •Application Menu

    •Ribbon

    •File Tab bar

    •Drawing Area

    •Command Window

    •Bottom Bar

    Now, we will discuss each of the sections one by one.

    ​Title Bar

    Title bar is the top strip containing quick access tools, name of the document and connectivity options; refer to Figure-6.

    •Application button is used to display Application menu, which we will discuss later.

    •​Quick Access Toolbar contains tools for common file handling. The Quick Access Toolbar contains tools for creating new file, saving current file, printing the file, and so on. You can add the desired tools in the Quick Access Toolbar by using customizing options.

    •The center of the title bar shows the name of the drawing.

    •​Search Box is used to search the desired topic in the AutoCAD Electrical Help. Type the keyword for the topic whose information is to be found in the text box adjacent to search button and press ENTER from the keyboard.

    •​Sign In button is used to sign into the Autodesk account. If you are not having an Autodesk account then you can create one from Autodesk website. If you have an Autodesk account then you can save and share your files through Autodesk cloud and you can render on cloud which are very fast services. To sign into your Autodesk account, click on the Sign In button. As a result, a drop-down will display; refer to Figure-7. Click on Sign In to ​Autodesk account option from the drop-down. The ​Autodesk - Sign In dialog box will be displayed; refer to Figure-8. Enter your ID and click NEXT button. You will be asked to specify password. Type your password and click on the Sign In button to login.

    •Autodesk App Store button in the Title Bar is used to install or share apps for Autodesk products. Click on the Autodesk App Store button, exchange apps web page will open in the browser where you can buy or try various apps as per your requirement; refer to Figure-9.

    •Options in the Stay Connected drop-down are used to used manage autodesk account and access the resources of software available online on autodesk website; refer to Figure-10.

    •Help button is used to display the online help of AutoCAD Electrical on the Autodesk server. If you click on the down arrow next to help button then a list of options is displayed; refer to Figure-11. If you want to use offline help then click on the ​Download ​Offline Help option

    •Click on the desired language link to download the help file in respective language.

    Now, we will change the color scheme of AutoCAD Electrical because of printing compatibility. You can retain the present color scheme if you are comfortable with it. To change the color scheme, steps are given next.

    Changing Color Scheme

    •Click on the ​Application button . The ​Application Menu will be displayed; refer to Figure-13.

    •Click on the ​Options button at the bottom right of the Application Menu. The ​Options dialog box will be displayed.

    •Click on the Display tab. The dialog box will be displayed as shown

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