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    The Story of Lanka Electricity Company
    The Story of Lanka Electricity Company
    The Story of Lanka Electricity Company
    Ebook158 pages1 hour

    The Story of Lanka Electricity Company

    By Asian Development Bank

    ()

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    About this ebook

    The story of Lanka Electricity Company (Pvt) Limited (LECO) of Sri Lanka is how one of the earliest examples of electricity industry reforms in 1983 turned into a landmark example for South Asia and beyond. Homegrown technical innovations, implemented with Asian Development Bank’s support for investments and to improve governance in Sri Lanka’s electricity distribution sector, eventually led to improved performance. Developing an organizational culture that prioritizes meticulous planning, distribution engineering, customer care, and financial viability, LECO overcame challenges and learned lessons to be the success it is today. LECO looks forward to meeting the emerging challenges of a modern utility to host distributed generation.
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherAsian Development Bank
    Release dateJul 1, 2022
    ISBN9789292695866
    The Story of Lanka Electricity Company

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      Book preview

      The Story of Lanka Electricity Company - Asian Development Bank

      Introduction

      ADB and LECO

      Improving governance has always been key in the development agenda of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) for energy sector operations. These intentions were evident even before the worldwide wave of power sector reforms were implemented in the 1980s, and in South Asia in the mid-1990s.

      ADB in Sri Lanka supported power sector reforms even in the early 1980s. Sri Lanka’s reforms in power distribution commenced in 1983 with these initiatives.

      The initial support ADB provided in the creation of Lanka Electricity Company (Pvt) Limited (LECO) and its sustenance over the years are among the efforts to improve governance in Sri Lanka’s electricity distribution sector, which eventually led to significant improvements in performance. Looking at LECO’s continuous improvement and ability to set new performance benchmarks in the country’s distribution sector, ADB is proud of this creation and its association in the process.

      This publication, The Story of Lanka Electricity Company, presents the landmark achievements of LECO, then a new distribution utility established in Sri Lanka in 1983.

      LECO file photo

      World at the Time

      Power sector structures and institutions across the world have gone through many phases of reforms, from private sector-driven systems to completely nationalized state-owned systems, and since 1980s (see figure 1), back again to systems with significant levels of private participation alongside state-run systems.

      Figure 1: Evolution of Electricity Supply Industry Worldwide

      Source: Authors’ assessment based on a variety of publications.

      The wave of reforms that commenced in the 1980s initially caused countries such as Chile to introduce independent regulation. Vertical and horizontal unbundling of utilities, establishing wholesale and retail markets, and pricing reforms followed.

      Most countries in the developing world implemented these reforms mainly at the insistence of international financing institutions, backed by national governments with neoliberal economic policies.¹

      Utility Reforms in South Asia

      The wave of reforms sweeping South America and parts of Europe in the 1980s reached South Asia only about a decade later in the mid-1990s, commencing with reforms in the Indian power sector initiated by the World Bank.

      The creation of LECO in Sri Lanka, however, was in 1983, a decade before widespread reforms reached South Asia.

      At the time of establishing LECO, the power sector in South Asia was managed largely by state-owned utilities. Except in a few urban areas of India and some community-owned smaller distribution systems in rural areas, all distribution operations served by the national grid were state-owned. Utilities were government departments, authorities, or boards, with very little financial autonomy or administrative independence. In many cases, these distribution systems were owned and operated by poorly equipped local institutions or authorities, such as city councils.

      Access to the national electricity grid was extremely low, in the range of 10%–30% of the population in South Asia. The situation in rural areas was even worse.

      Load shedding, blackouts, and brownouts were frequent throughout South Asia.

      Overall, lack of investments to increase access; absence of the mindset for supply reliability; noncompliance with internationally accepted technical standards in planning, construction, and operation; and poor customer service were the order of the day in electricity distribution in South

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