Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, A. L. Gardner, and W. C. Starnes, 2003: null. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada.
Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp.
Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes (online version), 2012 version.
Ferraris, Carl J., Jr., and Mário C. C. de Pinna, 1999: Higher-level Names for Catfishes (Actinopterygii: Ostariophysi: Siluriformes). Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, vol. 51, no. 1. 1-17.
FishBase
Fricke, R., Eschmeyer, W. N. & Van der Laan, R. (eds). (2025). ECoF. Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes: Genera, Species, References. <em>California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco.</em> Electronic version accessed dd mmm 2025.
Nelson, Joseph S., 1994: null. Fishes of the World, Third Edition. xvii + 600.
Nelson, Joseph S., Edwin J. Crossman, H. Espinosa-Pérez, L. T. Findley, C. R. Gilbert, et al., eds., 2004: Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico, Sixth Edition. American Fisheries Society Special Publication, no. 29. ix + 386.
Parker, S.P. (ed). (1982). Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms. McGraw-Hill, New York. 2 volumes.
Reis, Roberto E. / Reis, Roberto E., Sven O. Kullander, and Carl J. Ferraris, Jr., eds., 2003: Family Callichthyidae (Armored catfishes). Check List of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. 291-309.
Robins, Richard C., Reeve M. Bailey, Carl E. Bond, James R. Brooker, Ernest A. Lachner, et al., 1991: World Fishes Important to North Americans Exclusive of Species from the Continental Waters of the United States and Canada. American Fisheries Society Special Publication, no. 21. 243.
Shiino, Sueo M., 1976: List of Common Names of Fishes of the World, Those Prevailing among English-speaking Nations. Science Report of Shima Marineland, no. 4. 262.
Van Der Laan, R.; Eschmeyer, W. N.; Fricke, R. (2014). Family-group names of Recent fishes. <em>Zootaxa.</em> 3882(1): 1-230.