Spent Quotes

“You may think that tax policy sounds like the most boring topic in the world. That is precisely what most governments, corporations, and special interests would like you to think, because tax policy is where much of society and the economy gets shaped. It is also where well-informed citizens can achieve socioeconomic revolutions with astonishing speed and effectiveness—but only if they realize how much power they might wield in this domain. If citizens don’t understand taxes, they don’t understand how, when, and where their government expropriates money, time, and freedom from their lives. They also don’t understand how most governments bias consumption over savings, and bias some forms of consumption over other forms, thereby distorting the trait-display systems that people might otherwise favor.”
― Geoffrey Miller, Spent: Sex, Evolution, and Consumer Behavior

“The ad does not say “Buy this!”; it says, “Be assured that if you buy and display this product, others are being well trained to feel ugly and inferior in your presence, just as you feel ugly and inferior compared with this goddess.”
― Geoffrey Miller, Spent: Sex, Evolution, and Consumer Behavior

“capitalism is not “materialistic,” but “semiotic.” It concerns mainly the psychological world of signs, symbols, images, and brands,”
― Geoffrey Miller, Spent: Sex, Evolution, and Consumer Behavior

“The rich covet the new iPod not for the sounds it can make in their heads, but for the impressions it can make in the heads of others.”
― Geoffrey Miller, Spent: Sex, Evolution, and Consumer Behavior

“Thus, all ads effectively have two audiences: potential product buyers, and potential product viewers who will credit the product owners with various desirable traits.”
― Geoffrey Miller, Spent: Sex, Evolution, and Consumer Behavior

“Many thinkers have tried to “naturalize” consumerism in that way, including most social Darwinists, Austrian School economists (Ludwig von Mises, Friedrich Hayek, Murray Rothbard), Chicago School economists (George Stigler, Milton Friedman, Gary Becker), Darwinian libertarians, globalization advocates, management gurus, and marketers. Their model (which I call the Wrong Conservative Model, because I think it’s wrong, and because it’s usually advocated by political conservatives) is: human nature + free markets = consumerist capitalism”
― Geoffrey Miller, Spent: Sex, Evolution, and Consumer Behavior

“One problem with most current governments is that they prioritize economic growth (as mismeasured by GDP per capita) over citizens’ happiness, quality of life, efficiency of trait display, and breadth and depth of social networks. The latter outcomes are not actually any harder to measure than GDP per capita. For example, the UN Human Development Index (HDI) measures overall quality of life fairly well by taking into account life expectancy, literacy, and educational attainment; this index puts Iceland, Norway, Australia, and Canada at the top, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo at the bottom.”
― Geoffrey Miller, Spent: Sex, Evolution, and Consumer Behavior

“Scientists have no more status than what other scientists award them through citations, talk invitations, and tenure. “Status” makes a misleadingly concrete-sounding”
― Geoffrey Miller, Spent: Sex, Evolution, and Consumer Behavior

“At the other extreme, the consumption tax rate should be very, very high for any products that impose massive negative externalities. Consider handgun ammunition. Currently, one can buy five hundred rounds of 9 mm ammunition for about $110 from online U.S. retailers—about twenty-two cents each. But each round of ammunition has a slight chance of falling into the wrong hands and killing someone. How slight? About 10 billion rounds are sold per year in the United States. There are about thirty thousand gun-related deaths in the United States per year (including suicides, homicides, and accidents). Assuming the typical gun death involves one round of ammo, the chance that any given round will end up killing someone is about thirty thousand divided by 10 billion, or three per million. Now, a person’s life is generally reckoned to be worth about $3 million, according to the usual cost-benefit-risk analyses by highway engineers, airlines, and hospitals. If each bullet has a three per million chance of negating a $3 million life, then that bullet imposes an expected average cost on society of $9. That’s about forty times its conventional retail cost of $0.22, so, by my reasoning, it should be subject to a consumption tax rate of 4,000 percent. This is obviously a rough calculation; it ignores the injury costs of nonlethal shootings (which would increase the tax) and the crime-deterrence effects, if any, of citizens having ammo (which would decrease the tax).”
― Geoffrey Miller, Spent: Sex, Evolution, and Consumer Behavior

“Thus, consumption taxes tend to reduce conspicuous consumption and promote longer-term retirement security, family wealth, social welfare, technical progress, and economic growth. In essence, income taxes penalize people for what they contribute to society (labor and capital), whereas consumption taxes penalize people for what they take out of society (new retail purchases). So, to tax experts, it is no surprise that U.S. and U.K. citizens spend too much and don’t save enough, relative to what would be optimal for society and even for themselves.”
― Geoffrey Miller, Spent: Sex, Evolution, and Consumer Behavior

“our social needs for intimacy, belonging, and acceptance. Mate preferences for status can explain our esteem needs for recognition, fame, and glory. Mate preferences for intelligence, knowledge, skills, and moral virtues can explain our cognitive needs to learn, discover, and create, and our self-actualization needs to fulfill our potential (for example, to display the highest possible mate value given our genetic quality).”
― Geoffrey Miller, Spent: Sex, Evolution, and Consumer Behavior

“A person of limited intelligence but high conscientiousness can make a valuable employee; a person of higher intelligence but very low conscientiousness is almost unemployable.”
― Geoffrey Miller, Spent: Sex, Evolution, and Consumer Behavior

“Instead, they face a bizarre new world of frustrating duties and counterintuitive ideas: sit still, learn math, find a job, move away from friends, ignore kin, drive cars, leave kids in day care, and grow burdensome in old age.”
― Geoffrey Miller, Spent: Sex, Evolution, and Consumer Behavior

“The highly open expose themselves to new experiences, cultures, people, relationships, norms, ideas, worldviews, art, music, sexual practices, and drugs. They can get infected by nasty, maladaptive memes; they might end up believing in astrology, homeopathy, or Scientology.”
― Geoffrey Miller, Spent: Sex, Evolution, and Consumer Behavior

“In developed countries, we have less to fear from infectious parasites, but much more to fear from infectious memes. So, instead of opening our bodies to ambient germs, we open our minds to ambient culture, to determine if we can stay sane throughout the onslaught.”
― Geoffrey Miller, Spent: Sex, Evolution, and Consumer Behavior

“The self-employed, the small business owners, and the creative class have an acute challenge...at the highest levels of self-directed achievement, workers seek out minimally structured jobs almost as a self-handicapping way to show extreme diligence”
― Geoffrey Miller, Spent: Sex, Evolution, and Consumer Behavior

“Cultural disgust to bizarre new ideas protects low-openness people not only from psychosis, but from maladaptive memes. They may not adopt useful new ideas very quickly, but neither do they join suicide cults.”
― Geoffrey Miller, Spent: Sex, Evolution, and Consumer Behavior

“Our inherited legacy of adaptations is literally precious. Even the poorest parents give their children vast riches, in the form of senses, emotions, and mental faculties that have been optimized through millions of years of product development.”
― Geoffrey Miller, Spent: Sex, Evolution, and Consumer Behavior

“Even in the twenty-first century, we still can't buy sane parents, successful siblings, or sensible children. We can't even buy decent replacements for biological adaptations that go wrong -artificial eyes, brains, hands, or wombs. Our bodily organs are the most value-dense items that we can call our own. They are beyond price, but we take them for granted until we lose them through accident or age.”
― Geoffrey Miller, Spent: Sex, Evolution, and Consumer Behavior

“Our inherited legacy of adaptatios is literally precious. Even the poorest parents give their children vast riches, in the form of senses, emotions, and mental faculties that have been optimized through millions of years of product development.”
― Geoffrey Miller, Spent: Sex, Evolution, and Consumer Behavior

“Fools toast each other's wealth, whereas sages toast each other's health.”
― Geoffrey Miller, Spent: Sex, Evolution, and Consumer Behavior

“Consumerism has become our most potent ideology because it so contemptuously dismisses our natual human modes of trait display, and it keeps us too busy -working, shopping. and product displaying- to remember what we can signal without all the products.”
― Geoffrey Miller, Spent: Sex, Evolution, and Consumer Behavior

“Vanity about physical appearance is an equal-opportunity vice; the males just target different physical traits for amplification and display using different products.”
― Geoffrey Miller, Spent: Sex, Evolution, and Consumer Behavior

“Living doesn't cost much, but showing off does.”
― Geoffrey Miller, Spent: Sex, Evolution, and Consumer Behavior

“There are 6.7 billion people on earth, and we can't all go back to living as hunter-gatherers. The notion of returning to an idealized paradise of simple, gentle, small-group living has been advocated by diverse visionaries throughout history: Buddha, Laozi, Epicurus, Thoreau, Engels, Gandhi, Margaret Mead, and the Unabomber. Often these visionaries attract followers, who form religions, political movements, or whole cultures: Taoists, Shakers, Luddites, Marxists, anarchists, hippies and Emo kids.”
― Geoffrey Miller, Spent: Sex, Evolution, and Consumer Behavior

“Many products are signals first and material objects second. Our vast social-primate brains evolved to pursue one central social goal: to look good in the eyes of others. Buying impressive products in a money-based economy is just the most recent way to fulfill that goal.”
― Geoffrey Miller, Spent: Sex, Evolution, and Consumer Behavior

“White-collar professionals also use prescription drugs such as Provigil, Ritalin, and Adderall to boost their intelligence and attentiveness.”
― Geoffrey Miller, Spent: Sex, Evolution, and Consumer Behavior

“The common denominator in business marketing, political democracy, and religious reform is the transfer of power from service providers to service consumers.”
― Geoffrey Miller, Spent: Sex, Evolution, and Consumer Behavior

“So, what’s the catch? What would we have to do to get these knives and shoes?' You explain, 'All you have to do is sit in classrooms every day for sixteen years to learn counterintuitive skills, and then work and commute fifty hours a week for forty years in tedious jobs for amoral corporations, far away from relatives and friends, without any decent child care, sense of community, political empowerment, or contact with nature.”
― Geoffrey Miller, Spent: Sex, Evolution, and Consumer Behavior

“(This effect is so robust that it even occurs in virtual worlds, as in the “Corrupted Blood” plague that ravaged World of Warcraft in September 2005.”
― Geoffrey Miller, Spent: Sex, Evolution, and Consumer Behavior