research-article

Open access

HGaze Typing: Head-Gesture Assisted Gaze Typing

Authors:

Andrew Kurauchi,

Carlos H Morimoto,

Margrit BetkeAuthors Info & Claims

ETRA '21 Full Papers: ACM Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications

Article No.: 11, Pages 1 - 11

https://doi.org/10.1145/3448017.3457379

Published: 25 May 2021 Publication History

All formats PDF

Abstract

This paper introduces a bi-modal typing interface, HGaze Typing, which combines the simplicity of head gestures with the speed of gaze inputs to provide efficient and comfortable dwell-free text entry. HGaze Typing uses gaze path information to compute candidate words and allows explicit activation of common text entry commands, such as selection, deletion, and revision, by using head gestures (nodding, shaking, and tilting). By adding a head-based input channel, HGaze Typing reduces the size of the screen regions for cancel/deletion buttons and the word candidate list, which are required by most eye-typing interfaces. A user study finds HGaze Typing outperforms a dwell-time-based keyboard in efficacy and user satisfaction. The results demonstrate that the proposed method of integrating gaze and head-movement inputs can serve as an effective interface for text entry and is robust to unintended selections.

References

[1]

R. Bates and H.O. Istance. 2003. Why are eye mice unpopular? A detailed comparison of head and eye controlled assistive technology pointing devices. Universal Access in the Information Society 2, 3 (01 Oct 2003), 280–290. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10209-003-0053-y

[2]

Margrit Betke, James Gips, and Peter Fleming. 2002. The Camera Mouse: Visual tracking of body features to provide computer access for people with severe disabilities. IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering 10, 1(2002), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSRE.2002.1021581

[3]

Mark Davies. 2008. The Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA): 520 million words, 1990-present. https://corpus.byu.edu/coca/. Accessed: 2017-11-22.

[4]

Fabien Despinoy, David Bouget, Germain Forestier, Cédric Penet, Nabil Zemiti, Philippe Poignet, and Pierre Jannin. 2016. Unsupervised trajectory segmentation for surgical gesture recognition in robotic training. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 63, 6 (2016), 1280–1291.

[5]

Antonio Diaz-Tula, Filipe M. S. de Campos, and Carlos H. Morimoto. 2012. Dynamic Context Switching for Gaze Based Interaction. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications (Santa Barbara, California) (ETRA ’12). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 353–356. https://doi.org/10.1145/2168556.2168635

Digital Library

[6]

Antonio Diaz-Tula and Carlos H. Morimoto. 2016. AugKey: Increasing Foveal Throughput in Eye Typing with Augmented Keys. In Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (San Jose, California, USA) (CHI ’16). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 3533–3544. https://doi.org/10.1145/2858036.2858517

Digital Library

[7]

Wenxin Feng, Mehrnoosh Sameki, and Margrit Betke. 2018. Exploration of Assistive Technologies Used by People with Quadriplegia Caused by Degenerative Neurological Diseases. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction 34, 9(2018), 834–844. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2017.1395572 arXiv:https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2017.1395572

[8]

Maurice Fréchet. 1906. Sur quelques points de calcul fonctionnel. Ph.D. Dissertation. Rendiconti del Circolo Matematico di Palermo. 22:1–74.

[9]

Yulia Gizatdinova, Oleg Špakov, and Veikko Surakka. 2012. Comparison of Video-based Pointing and Selection Techniques for Hands-free Text Entry. In Proceedings of the International Working Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces (Capri Island, Italy) (AVI ’12). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 132–139. https://doi.org/10.1145/2254556.2254582

Digital Library

[10]

Yulia Gizatdinova, Oleg Špakov, Outi Tuisku, Matthew Turk, and Veikko Surakka. 2018. Gaze and Head Pointing for Hands-free Text Entry: Applicability to Ultra-small Virtual Keyboards. In Proceedings of the 2018 ACM Symposium on Eye Tracking Research & Applications (Warsaw, Poland) (ETRA ’18). ACM, New York, NY, USA, Article 14, 9 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/3204493.3204539

Digital Library

[11]

K. Grauman, M. Betke, J. Lombardi, J. Gips, and G.R. Bradski. 2003. Communication via eye blinks and eyebrow raises: Video-based human-computer interfaces. Universal Access in the Information Society 2, 4 (01 Nov 2003), 359–373. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10209-003-0062-x

[12]

John Paulin Hansen, Anders Sewerin Johansen, Dan Witzner Hansen, Kenji Itoh, and Satoru Mashino. 2003. Command Without a Click: Dwell Time Typing by Mouse and Gaze Selections. In Human-Computer Interaction(INTERACT ’03), M. Rauterberg et al. (Ed.). IOS Press, 121–128.

[13]

John Paulin Hansen, Kristian Tørning, Anders Sewerin Johansen, Kenji Itoh, and Hirotaka Aoki. 2004. Gaze Typing Compared with Input by Head and Hand. In Proceedings of the 2004 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research & Applications (San Antonio, Texas) (ETRA ’04). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 131–138. https://doi.org/10.1145/968363.968389

Digital Library

[14]

Anke Huckauf and Mario Urbina. 2007. Gazing with pEYE: New Concepts in Eye Typing. In Proceedings of the 4th Symposium on Applied Perception in Graphics and Visualization (Tubingen, Germany) (APGV ’07). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 141–141. https://doi.org/10.1145/1272582.1272618

Digital Library

[15]

Poika Isokoski. 2000. Text Input Methods for Eye Trackers Using Off-screen Targets. In Proceedings of the 2000 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research & Applications (Palm Beach Gardens, Florida, USA) (ETRA ’00). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 15–21. https://doi.org/10.1145/355017.355020

Digital Library

[16]

Robert J. K. Jacob. 1990. What You Look at is What You Get: Eye Movement-based Interaction Techniques. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Seattle, Washington, USA) (CHI ’90). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 11–18. https://doi.org/10.1145/97243.97246

Digital Library

[17]

Josh Kaufman. 2015. Google 10000 English. https://github.com/first20hours/google-10000-english. Accessed: 2015-09-22.

[18]

Luka Krapic, Kristijan Lenac, and Sandi Ljubic. 2015. Integrating Blink Click interaction into a head tracking system: Implementation and usability issues. Universal Access in the Information Society 14, 2 (2015), 247–264. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10209-013-0343-y

Digital Library

[19]

Per Ola Kristensson and Keith Vertanen. 2012. The Potential of Dwell-free Eye-typing for Fast Assistive Gaze Communication. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications (Santa Barbara, California) (ETRA ’12). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 241–244. https://doi.org/10.1145/2168556.2168605

Digital Library

[20]

Per-Ola Kristensson and Shumin Zhai. 2004. SHARK2: A Large Vocabulary Shorthand Writing System for Pen-based Computers. In Proceedings of the 17th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology(Santa Fe, NM, USA) (UIST ’04). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 43–52. https://doi.org/10.1145/1029632.1029640

Digital Library

[21]

Andrew Kurauchi, Wenxin Feng, Ajjen Joshi, Carlos Morimoto, and Margrit Betke. 2016. EyeSwipe: Dwell-free Text Entry Using Gaze Paths. In Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (San Jose, California, USA) (CHI ’16). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 1952–1956. https://doi.org/10.1145/2858036.2858335

Digital Library

[22]

Andrew Kurauchi, Wenxin Feng, Carlos Morimoto, and Margrit Betke. 2015. HMAGIC: Head Movement and Gaze Input Cascaded Pointing. In Proceedings of the 8th ACM International Conference on PErvasive Technologies Related to Assistive Environments (Corfu, Greece) (PETRA ’15). ACM, New York, NY, USA, Article 47, 4 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/2769493.2769550

Digital Library

[23]

Mikko Kytö, Barrett Ens, Thammathip Piumsomboon, Gun A. Lee, and Mark Billinghurst. 2018. Pinpointing: Precise head- and eye-based target selection for augmented reality. In Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Montreal, QC, Canada) (CHI ’18). ACM, New York, NY, USA, Article 81, 14 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/3173574.3173655

Digital Library

[24]

J Lombardi and M Betke. 2002. A camera-based eyebrow tracker for hands-free computer control via a binary switch. In Proceedings of the 7th ERCIM Workshop, User Interfaces For All. 199–200.

[25]

I. Scott MacKenzie and R. William Soukoreff. 2003. Phrase Sets for Evaluating Text Entry Techniques. In CHI ’03 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, USA) (CHI EA ’03). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 754–755.

Digital Library

[26]

Päivi Majaranta, Ulla-Kaija Ahola, and Oleg Špakov. 2009. Fast Gaze Typing with an Adjustable Dwell Time. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Boston, MA, USA) (CHI ’09). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 357–360. https://doi.org/10.1145/1518701.1518758

Digital Library

[27]

Diako Mardanbegi, Dan Witzner Hansen, and Thomas Pederson. 2012. Eye-Based Head Gestures. In Proceedings of ETRA’2012 (Santa Barbara, CA). ACM, New York, NY, 139–146. https://doi.org/10.1145/2168556.2168578

Digital Library

[28]

Eric Missimer and Margrit Betke. 2010. Blink and wink detection for mouse pointer control. In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on PErvasive Technologies Related to Assistive Environments(Samos, Greece) (PETRA ’10). ACM, New York, NY, USA, Article 23, 8 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/1839294.1839322

Digital Library

[29]

Carlos H. Morimoto and Arnon Amir. 2010. Context Switching for Fast Key Selection in Text Entry Applications. In Proceedings of the 2010 Symposium on Eye-Tracking Research & Applications (Austin, Texas) (ETRA ’10). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 271–274. https://doi.org/10.1145/1743666.1743730

Digital Library

[30]

Martez E. Mott, Shane Williams, Jacob O. Wobbrock, and Meredith Ringel Morris. 2017. Improving Dwell-Based Gaze Typing with Dynamic, Cascading Dwell Times. In Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Denver, Colorado, USA) (CHI ’17). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 2558–2570. https://doi.org/10.1145/3025453.3025517

Digital Library

[31]

Diogo Pedrosa, Maria Da Graça Pimentel, Amy Wright, and Khai N. Truong. 2015. Filteryedping: Design Challenges and User Performance of Dwell-Free Eye Typing. ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing 6, 1, Article 3 (March 2015), 37 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/2724728

Digital Library

[32]

Marco Porta and Matteo Turina. 2008. Eye-S: A Full-screen Input Modality for Pure Eye-based Communication. In Proceedings of the 2008 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research & Applications (Savannah, Georgia) (ETRA ’08). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 27–34. https://doi.org/10.1145/1344471.1344477

Digital Library

[33]

Kari-Jouko Räihä and Saila Ovaska. 2012. An Exploratory Study of Eye Typing Fundamentals: Dwell Time, Text Entry Rate, Errors, and Workload. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Austin, Texas, USA) (CHI ’12). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 3001–3010. https://doi.org/10.1145/2207676.2208711

Digital Library

[34]

Daniel Rough, Keith Vertanen, and Per Ola Kristensson. 2014. An Evaluation of Dasher with a High-performance Language Model As a Gaze Communication Method. In Proceedings of the 2014 International Working Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces (Como, Italy) (AVI ’14). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 169–176. https://doi.org/10.1145/2598153.2598157

Digital Library

[35]

Sayan Sarcar, Prateek Panwar, and Tuhin Chakraborty. 2013. EyeK: An Efficient Dwell-free Eye Gaze-based Text Entry System. In Proceedings of the 11th Asia Pacific Conference on Computer Human Interaction (Bangalore, India) (APCHI ’13). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 215–220. https://doi.org/10.1145/2525194.2525288

Digital Library

[36]

Ludwig Sidenmark, Diako Mardanbegi, Argenis Ramirez Gomez, Christopher Clarke, and Hans Gellersen. 2020. BimodalGaze: Seamlessly Refined Pointing with Gaze and Filtered Gestural Head Movement(ETRA ’20 Full Papers). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, Article 8, 9 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/3379155.3391312

[37]

E Sriraghavendra, K Karthik, and Chiranjib Bhattacharyya. 2007. Fréchet distance based approach for searching online handwritten documents. In Ninth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR), Vol. 1. IEEE, 461–465.

[38]

Keith Trnka, John McCaw, Debra Yarrington, Kathleen F McCoy, and Christopher Pennington. 2009. User interaction with word prediction: The effects of prediction quality. ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing 1, 3, Article 17 (Feb. 2009), 34 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/1497302.1497307

Digital Library

[39]

Oleg Špakov, Poika Isokoski, and Päivi Majaranta. 2014. Look and Lean: Accurate Head-assisted Eye Pointing. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications (Safety Harbor, Florida) (ETRA ’14). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 35–42. https://doi.org/10.1145/2578153.2578157

Digital Library

[40]

Oleg Špakov and Päivi Majaranta. 2012. Enhanced Gaze Interaction Using Simple Head Gestures. In Proceedings of the 2012 ACM Conference on Ubiquitous Computing (Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) (UbiComp ’12). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 705–710. https://doi.org/10.1145/2370216.2370369

Digital Library

[41]

David J Ward and David JC MacKay. 2002. Fast hands-free writing by gaze direction. Nature 418 (22 Aug 2002), 838. https://doi.org/10.1038/418838a

[42]

Jacob O. Wobbrock, James Rubinstein, Michael W. Sawyer, and Andrew T. Duchowski. 2008. Longitudinal Evaluation of Discrete Consecutive Gaze Gestures for Text Entry. In Proceedings of the 2008 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research & Applications (Savannah, Georgia) (ETRA ’08). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 11–18. https://doi.org/10.1145/1344471.1344475

Digital Library

[43]

Shumin Zhai and Per-Ola Kristensson. 2003. Shorthand Writing on Stylus Keyboard. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, USA) (CHI ’03). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 97–104. https://doi.org/10.1145/642611.642630

Digital Library

[44]

Shumin Zhai and Per Ola Kristensson. 2012. The Word-gesture Keyboard: Reimagining Keyboard Interaction. Commun. ACM 55, 9 (Sept. 2012), 91–101.

Digital Library

[45]

Xiaoyi Zhang, Harish Kulkarni, and Meredith Ringel Morris. 2017. Smartphone-Based Gaze Gesture Communication for People with Motor Disabilities. In Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Denver, Colorado, USA) (CHI ’17). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 2878–2889. https://doi.org/10.1145/3025453.3025790

Digital Library

[46]

Xi Zhao, Tao Feng, and Weidong Shi. 2013. Continuous mobile authentication using a novel graphic touch gesture feature. In 2013 IEEE Sixth International Conference on Biometrics: Theory, Applications and Systems (BTAS). IEEE, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/BTAS.2013.6712747

Cited By

Darbar RHu XYan XWei YLiang HXu WSarcar S(2024)OnArmQWERTY: An Empirical Evaluation of On-Arm Tap Typing for AR HMDsProceedings of the 2024 ACM Symposium on Spatial User Interaction10.1145/3677386.3682084(1-12)Online publication date: 7-Oct-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3677386.3682084
Karimli FYu HJain SAkosah EBetke MFeng W(2024)Demonstration of CameraMouseAI: A Head-Based Mouse-Control System for People with Severe Motor DisabilitiesProceedings of the 26th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility10.1145/3663548.3688499(1-6)Online publication date: 27-Oct-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3663548.3688499
Hisadome YWu TQin JSugano Y(2024)Rotation-Constrained Cross-View Feature Fusion for Multi-View Appearance-based Gaze Estimation2024 IEEE/CVF Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV)10.1109/WACV57701.2024.00588(5973-5982)Online publication date: 3-Jan-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/WACV57701.2024.00588
Show More Cited By

HGaze Typing: Head-Gesture Assisted Gaze Typing
1. Human-centered computing
  1. Human computer interaction (HCI)
    1. Interaction devices

Recommendations

TAGSwipe: Touch Assisted Gaze Swipe for Text Entry
CHI '20: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

The conventional dwell-based methods for text entry by gaze are typically slow and uncomfortable. A swipe-based method that maps gaze path into words offers an alternative. However, it requires the user to explicitly indicate the beginning and ending of ...
EyeSwipe: Dwell-free Text Entry Using Gaze Paths
CHI '16: Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Text entry using gaze-based interaction is a vital communication tool for people with motor impairments. Most solutions require the user to fixate on a key for a given dwell time to select it, thus limiting the typing speed. In this paper we introduce ...
Classifying Head Movements to Separate Head-Gaze and Head Gestures as Distinct Modes of Input
CHI '23: Proceedings of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Head movement is widely used as a uniform type of input for human-computer interaction. However, there are fundamental differences between head movements coupled with gaze in support of our visual system, and head movements performed as gestural ...

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences

ETRA '21 Full Papers: ACM Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications

May 2021

122 pages

ISBN:9781450383448

DOI:10.1145/3448017

Editors:
Andreas Bulling
University of Stuttgart, Germany
,
Anke Huckauf
Ulm University, Germany
,
Hans Gellersen
Aarhus University, Denmark
,
Daniel Weiskopf
University of Stuttgart, Germany
,
Mihai Bace
ETH Zürich, Switzerland
,
Teresa Hirzle
Ulm University, Germany
,
Florian Alt
Bundeswehr University Munich, Germany
,
Thies Pfeiffer
Hochschule Emden/Leer, Germany
,
Roman Bednarik
University of Eastern Finland, Finland
,
Krzysztof Krejtz
SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Poland
,
Tanja Blascheck
University of Stuttgart, Germany
,
Michael Burch
University of Applied Sciences, Chur, Switzerland
,
Peter Kiefer
ETH Zurich, Switzerland
,
Michael Dodd
University of Nebraska-Lincoln, USA
,
Bonita Sharif
University of Nebraska-Lincoln, USA

Copyright © 2021 Owner/Author.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution International 4.0 License.

Sponsors

SIGGRAPH: ACM Special Interest Group on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 25 May 2021

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Request Permissions

Check for updates

Badges

Best Paper

Author Tags

Qualifiers

Research-article
Research
Refereed limited

Conference

ETRA '21

Sponsor:

SIGGRAPH

ETRA '21: 2021 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications

May 25 - 27, 2021

Virtual Event, Germany

Acceptance Rates

Overall Acceptance Rate 69 of 137 submissions, 50%

Upcoming Conference

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

19
Total Citations
View Citations
1,581
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)447
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)49

Reflects downloads up to 09 Nov 2024

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Darbar RHu XYan XWei YLiang HXu WSarcar S(2024)OnArmQWERTY: An Empirical Evaluation of On-Arm Tap Typing for AR HMDsProceedings of the 2024 ACM Symposium on Spatial User Interaction10.1145/3677386.3682084(1-12)Online publication date: 7-Oct-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3677386.3682084
Karimli FYu HJain SAkosah EBetke MFeng W(2024)Demonstration of CameraMouseAI: A Head-Based Mouse-Control System for People with Severe Motor DisabilitiesProceedings of the 26th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility10.1145/3663548.3688499(1-6)Online publication date: 27-Oct-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3663548.3688499
Hisadome YWu TQin JSugano Y(2024)Rotation-Constrained Cross-View Feature Fusion for Multi-View Appearance-based Gaze Estimation2024 IEEE/CVF Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV)10.1109/WACV57701.2024.00588(5973-5982)Online publication date: 3-Jan-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/WACV57701.2024.00588
Hu JDudley JKristensson P(2024)SkiMR: Dwell-free Eye Typing in Mixed Reality2024 IEEE Conference Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR)10.1109/VR58804.2024.00065(439-449)Online publication date: 16-Mar-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/VR58804.2024.00065
Ren YZhang YLiu ZXie N(2024)Eye-Hand Typing: Eye Gaze Assisted Finger Typing via Bayesian Processes in ARIEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics10.1109/TVCG.2024.337210630:5(2496-2506)Online publication date: 19-Mar-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/TVCG.2024.3372106
Zhang X(2024)Evaluating Target Expansion for Eye Pointing TasksInteracting with Computers10.1093/iwc/iwae00436:4(209-223)Online publication date: 27-Feb-2024
https://doi.org/10.1093/iwc/iwae004
Mutasim ABatmaz AHudhud Mughrabi MStuerzlinger W(2024)The Guided Evaluation MethodInternational Journal of Human-Computer Studies10.1016/j.ijhcs.2024.103317190:COnline publication date: 1-Oct-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2024.103317
Barz MKaragiannis PKildal JRivera Pinto Ade Munain JRosel JMadarieta MSalagianni KAivaliotis PMakris SSonntag D(2024)MASTER-XR: Mixed Reality Ecosystem for Teaching Robotics in ManufacturingIntegrated Systems: Data Driven Engineering10.1007/978-3-031-53652-6_10(167-182)Online publication date: 17-Sep-2024
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-53652-6_10
Gizatdinova YŠpakov OTuisku OTurk MSurakka V(2023)Vision-Based Interfaces for Character-Based Text EntryAdvances in Human-Computer Interaction10.1155/2023/88557642023Online publication date: 1-Jan-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1155/2023/8855764
Shi RWei YQin XHui PLiang H(2023)Exploring Gaze-assisted and Hand-based Region Selection in Augmented RealityProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/35911297:ETRA(1-19)Online publication date: 18-May-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3591129
Show More Cited By

View Options

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

eReader

View online with eReader.

HTML Format

View this article in HTML Format.

Get Access

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Publication

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

View Table of Contents