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Bioimpedance Sensors for Medical Monitoring and Diagnosis

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomedical Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 1 November 2024 | Viewed by 3468

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Thomas Johann Seebeck Department of Electronics, Tallinn University of Technology, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia
Interests: bioimpedance; sensors and sensing; signals and signal processing; impedance spectroscopy; impedance tomography; electronic design; wearable devices
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We seek contributions that cover topics studying the implementation of electrical bioimpedance-based sensors and sensing methods in medicine and related disciplines.

The study of electrical bioimpedance has been widely discussed and covered; however, it is still too early to talk about the wide-scale use of the electrical bioimpedance method in medical practice. The possibilities are certainly much wider than the implementation, for example, of wearable devices for the continuous monitoring of patients both in hospital care and home follow-up treatment. It is important that significant improvements in treatment quality and an increase in patient safety during hospitalization are made possible.

In this Special Issue, we welcome publications on new research, development work, inventions and practical implementations of bioimpedance methods both in clinical research and practice, as well as disease prevention and follow-up treatment in all branches of medicine.

Prof. Dr. Mart Min
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • bioimpedance-based sensing
  • wearable sensors
  • blood flow and pressure
  • cardiovascular analysis
  • cardio–pulmonary processes
  • perioperative monitoring
  • post-operative diagnosis
  • arterial stiffness
  • cardiovascular risk assessment
  • home care follow-up

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 691 KiB  
Article
Comparing Device-Generated and Calculated Bioimpedance Variables in Community-Dwelling Older Adults
by Kworweinski Lafontant, Danielle A. Sterner, David H. Fukuda, Jeffrey R. Stout, Joon-Hyuk Park and Ladda Thiamwong
Sensors 2024, 24(17), 5626; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24175626 - 30 Aug 2024
Viewed by 248
Abstract
Despite BIA emerging as a clinical tool for assessing older adults, it remains unclear how to calculate whole-body impedance (Z), reactance (Xc), resistance (R), and phase angle (PhA) from segmental values using modern BIA devices that place electrodes on both sides of the [...] Read more.
Despite BIA emerging as a clinical tool for assessing older adults, it remains unclear how to calculate whole-body impedance (Z), reactance (Xc), resistance (R), and phase angle (PhA) from segmental values using modern BIA devices that place electrodes on both sides of the body. This investigation aimed to compare both the whole-body and segmental device-generated phase angle (PhADG) with the phase angle calculated using summed Z, Xc, and R from the left, right, and combined sides of the body (PhACalc) and to compare bioelectric variables between sides of the body. A sample of 103 community-dwelling older adults was assessed using a 50 kHz direct segmental multifrequency BIA device. Whole-body PhACalc values were assessed for agreement with PhADG using 2.5th and 97.5th quantile nonparametric limits of agreement and Spearman’s rho. Bioelectrical values between sides of the body were compared using Wilcoxon rank and Spearman’s rho. A smaller mean difference was observed between PhADG and right PhACalc (−0.004°, p = 0.26) than between PhACalc on the left (0.107°, p = 0.01) and on the combined sides (0.107°, p < 0.001). The sum of Z, R, and PhACalc was significantly different (p < 0.01) between the left (559.66 ± 99.55 Ω, 556.80 ± 99.52 Ω, 5.51 ± 1.5°, respectively) and the right sides (554.60 ± 94.52 Ω, 552.02 ± 94.23 Ω, 5.41 ± 0.8°, respectively). Bilateral BIA values do not appear to be interchangeable when determining whole-body measurements. Present data suggest that using right-sided segmental values would be the most appropriate choice for calculating whole-body bioelectrical variables. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioimpedance Sensors for Medical Monitoring and Diagnosis)
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18 pages, 4711 KiB  
Article
Smart Bioimpedance Device for the Assessment of Peripheral Muscles in Patients with COPD
by David Naranjo-Hernández, Javier Reina-Tosina, Laura M. Roa, Gerardo Barbarov-Rostán, Francisco Ortega-Ruiz and Pilar Cejudo Ramos
Sensors 2024, 24(14), 4648; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24144648 - 17 Jul 2024
Viewed by 560
Abstract
Muscle dysfunction and muscle atrophy are common complications resulting from Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). The evaluation of the peripheral muscles can be carried out through the assessment of their structural components from ultrasound images or their functional components through isometric and isotonic [...] Read more.
Muscle dysfunction and muscle atrophy are common complications resulting from Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). The evaluation of the peripheral muscles can be carried out through the assessment of their structural components from ultrasound images or their functional components through isometric and isotonic strength tests. This evaluation, performed mainly on the quadriceps muscle, is not only of great interest for diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of COPD, but also for the evaluation of the benefits of therapeutic interventions. In this work, bioimpedance spectroscopy technology is proposed as a low-cost and easy-to-use alternative for the evaluation of peripheral muscles, becoming a feasible alternative to ultrasound images and strength tests for their application in routine clinical practice. For this purpose, a laboratory prototype of a bioimpedance device has been adapted to perform segmental measurements in the quadriceps region. The validation results obtained in a pseudo-randomized study in patients with COPD in a controlled clinical environment which involved 33 volunteers confirm the correlation and correspondence of the bioimpedance parameters with respect to the structural and functional parameters of the quadriceps muscle, making it possible to propose a set of prediction equations. The main contribution of this manuscript is the discovery of a linear relationship between quadriceps muscle properties and the bioimpedance Cole model parameters, reaching a correlation of 0.69 and an average error of less than 0.2 cm regarding the thickness of the quadriceps estimations from ultrasound images, and a correlation of 0.77 and an average error of 3.9 kg regarding the isometric strength of the quadriceps muscle. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioimpedance Sensors for Medical Monitoring and Diagnosis)
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14 pages, 6466 KiB  
Article
Day-to-Day Variability in Measurements of Respiration Using Bioimpedance from a Non-Standard Location
by Krittika Goyal, Dishant Shah and Steven W. Day
Sensors 2024, 24(14), 4612; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24144612 - 16 Jul 2024
Viewed by 529
Abstract
Non-invasive monitoring of pulmonary health may be useful for tracking several conditions such as COVID-19 recovery and the progression of pulmonary edema. Some proposed methods use impedance-based technologies to non-invasively measure the thorax impedance as a function of respiration but face challenges that [...] Read more.
Non-invasive monitoring of pulmonary health may be useful for tracking several conditions such as COVID-19 recovery and the progression of pulmonary edema. Some proposed methods use impedance-based technologies to non-invasively measure the thorax impedance as a function of respiration but face challenges that limit the feasibility, accuracy, and practicality of tracking daily changes. In our prior work, we demonstrated a novel approach to monitor respiration by measuring changes in impedance from the back of the thigh. We reported the concept of using thigh–thigh bioimpedance measurements for measuring the respiration rate and demonstrated a linear relationship between the thigh–thigh bioimpedance and lung tidal volume. Here, we investigate the variability in thigh–thigh impedance measurements to further understand the feasibility of the technique for detecting a change in the respiratory status due to disease onset or recovery if used for long-term in-home monitoring. Multiple within-session and day-to-day impedance measurements were collected at 80 kHz using dry electrodes (thigh) and wet electrodes (thorax) across the five healthy subjects, along with simultaneous gold standard spirometer measurements for three consecutive days. The peak–peak bioimpedance measurements were found to be highly correlated (0.94 ± 0.03 for dry electrodes across thigh; 0.92 ± 0.07 for wet electrodes across thorax) with the peak–peak spirometer tidal volume. The data across five subjects indicate that the day-to-day variability in the relationship between impedance and volume for thigh–thigh measurements is smaller (average of 14%) than for the thorax (40%). However, it is affected by food and water and might limit the accuracy of the respiratory tidal volume. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioimpedance Sensors for Medical Monitoring and Diagnosis)
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22 pages, 4602 KiB  
Article
The Feasibility of Semi-Continuous and Multi-Frequency Thoracic Bioimpedance Measurements by a Wearable Device during Fluid Changes in Hemodialysis Patients
by Melanie K. Schoutteten, Lucas Lindeboom, Hélène De Cannière, Zoë Pieters, Liesbeth Bruckers, Astrid D. H. Brys, Patrick van der Heijden, Bart De Moor, Jacques Peeters, Chris Van Hoof, Willemijn Groenendaal, Jeroen P. Kooman and Pieter M. Vandervoort
Sensors 2024, 24(6), 1890; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24061890 - 15 Mar 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 970
Abstract
Repeated single-point measurements of thoracic bioimpedance at a single (low) frequency are strongly related to fluid changes during hemodialysis. Extension to semi-continuous measurements may provide longitudinal details in the time pattern of the bioimpedance signal, and multi-frequency measurements may add in-depth information on [...] Read more.
Repeated single-point measurements of thoracic bioimpedance at a single (low) frequency are strongly related to fluid changes during hemodialysis. Extension to semi-continuous measurements may provide longitudinal details in the time pattern of the bioimpedance signal, and multi-frequency measurements may add in-depth information on the distribution between intra- and extracellular fluid. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of semi-continuous multi-frequency thoracic bioimpedance measurements by a wearable device in hemodialysis patients. Therefore, thoracic bioimpedance was recorded semi-continuously (i.e., every ten minutes) at nine frequencies (8–160 kHz) in 68 patients during two consecutive hemodialysis sessions, complemented by a single-point measurement at home in-between both sessions. On average, the resistance signals increased during both hemodialysis sessions and decreased during the interdialytic interval. The increase during dialysis was larger at 8 kHz (∆ 32.6 Ω during session 1 and ∆ 10 Ω during session 2), compared to 160 kHz (∆ 29.5 Ω during session 1 and ∆ 5.1 Ω during session 2). Whereas the resistance at 8 kHz showed a linear time pattern, the evolution of the resistance at 160 kHz was significantly different (p < 0.0001). Measuring bioimpedance semi-continuously and with a multi-frequency current is a major step forward in the understanding of fluid dynamics in hemodialysis patients. This study paves the road towards remote fluid monitoring. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioimpedance Sensors for Medical Monitoring and Diagnosis)
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