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Search Results (3)

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Keywords = marine macroalgal forest

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12 pages, 1724 KiB  
Article
Tissue-Specific Tolerance to High-Temperature and Nutrient-Poor Conditions in a Canopy-Forming Macroalga, Surviving at an Ocean Warming Hotspot
by Hikaru Endo, Masafumi Kodama, Ryoya Kawashima, Momochika Kumagai, Midori Matsuoka, Keigo Ebata and Suguru Okunishi
Plants 2024, 13(12), 1689; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13121689 - 18 Jun 2024
Viewed by 791
Abstract
Most canopy-forming macroalgae have disappeared from temperate reefs in southern Japan, one of the ocean warming hotspots, but Sargassum nipponicum is surviving in this region. As this species’ annual shoots emerge from holdfasts during summer, both plant components may be highly tolerant to warm [...] Read more.
Most canopy-forming macroalgae have disappeared from temperate reefs in southern Japan, one of the ocean warming hotspots, but Sargassum nipponicum is surviving in this region. As this species’ annual shoots emerge from holdfasts during summer, both plant components may be highly tolerant to warm and nutrient-poor conditions in this season. The present study examined the effects of temperature and nutrient conditions on holdfast growth, shoot emergence from holdfasts, and shoot growth in S. nipponicum samples collected in Tanegashima Island, southern Japan. The summer temperature in this region (30 °C) allowed holdfast growth and shoot emergence but inhibited shoot growth. Nutrient-poor conditions had limited effects on the first two parameters but suppressed shoot growth. These results suggested that during warm summers and under nutrient-poor conditions in southern Japan, shoots can emerge from S. nipponicum holdfasts but cannot further grow. Additionally, nutrient loading from a nearby river was higher at the only site dominated by S. nipponicum, than at the other sites where this species was absent on Tanegashima Island. This was observed especially between autumn and winter, implying that such a nutrient-rich environment may contribute to shoot growth in S. nipponicum and to the persistence of its population in the area. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Topics in Macroalgal Research)
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34 pages, 1640 KiB  
Review
Artificial Seaweed Reefs That Support the Establishment of Submerged Aquatic Vegetation Beds and Facilitate Ocean Macroalgal Afforestation: A Review
by Somi Jung, Than Van Chau, Minju Kim and Won-Bae Na
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(9), 1184; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10091184 - 24 Aug 2022
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 5032
Abstract
Macroalgae are invaluable constituents of marine forest environments and important sources of material for human needs. However, they are currently at risk of severe decline due to global warming and negative anthropogenic factors. Restoration efforts focus on beds where macroalgae previously existed, as [...] Read more.
Macroalgae are invaluable constituents of marine forest environments and important sources of material for human needs. However, they are currently at risk of severe decline due to global warming and negative anthropogenic factors. Restoration efforts focus on beds where macroalgae previously existed, as well as the creation of new marine forests. Some artificial seaweed reefs (ASRs) have succeeded but others have failed; the contributions of ASRs to marine forest formation have been not fully determined. Here, we review ASRs, the benefits of macroalgal forests, threats to macroalgae, restoration, and marine forest formation to explore the current status of ASRs. The published literature indicates that ASRs have played critical roles in marine forest formation; notably, they support the establishment of submerged aquatic vegetation beds that allow ocean macroalgal afforestation. ASRs have evolved in terms of complexity and the materials used; they can sustainably mitigate marine deforestation. However, continuous reviews of ASR performance are essential, and performance improvements are always possible. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Artificial Reefs Research)
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12 pages, 846 KiB  
Article
Decreased Irradiance and Nutrient Enrichment Mitigate the Negative Effect of Ocean Warming on Growth and Biochemical Compositions of a Canopy-Forming Marine Macroalga
by Harshna Charan, Eri Inomata, Hikaru Endo, Yoichi Sato, Yutaka Okumura and Masakazu N. Aoki
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(4), 479; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10040479 - 30 Mar 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2372
Abstract
Heatwaves under global warming have negative impacts on ecosystem primary producers. This warming effect may be synergized or antagonized by local environments such as light and nutrient availability. However, little is known about the interactive effects of warming, irradiance, and nutrients on physiology [...] Read more.
Heatwaves under global warming have negative impacts on ecosystem primary producers. This warming effect may be synergized or antagonized by local environments such as light and nutrient availability. However, little is known about the interactive effects of warming, irradiance, and nutrients on physiology of marine macroalgae, which are dominant in coastal ecosystems. The present study examined the combined effects of warming (23 and 26 °C), irradiance (30 and 150 µmol photon m−2 s−1), and nutrients (enriched and non-enriched) on specific growth rate (SGR) and biochemical compositions of the canopy-forming marine macroalga Sargassum fusiforme. The negative effect of warming on SGR and ratio of chlorophyll (Chl) c to Chl a was antagonized by decreased irradiance. Moreover, the negative effect of temperature elevation on carbon content was antagonized by nutrient enrichment. These results suggest that the effect of warming on the growth and carbon accumulation of this species can be mitigated by decreased irradiance and nutrient enrichment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Marine Biology)
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