Letters

Species comparisons using single-cell transcriptomics and accessible chromatin profiling in stem cell-derived cerebral organoids are used to map dynamic gene-regulatory changes that are unique to humans.

Widespread formation of new particles from condensable vapours observed in the tropical upper troposphere is an important source of cloud condensation nuclei in the lower troposphere, affecting cloud properties.

Three-dimensional gas velocities in the gapped disk around the young star HD 163296 show meridional flows from the surface of the disk towards its midplane at gap locations.

The crosslinking of oligomeric precursors, controlled by a capping agent, enables the production of moulded crystalline calcium carbonate with continuous structures.

A genetically encoded fluorescent voltage indicator, SomArchon, is used to image changes in membrane voltage from many neurons simultaneously in multiple brain regions of awake, behaving mice.

The histidine–aspartate kinase Sln1 acts as a molecular sensor of turgor in appressoria of the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, enabling penetration of the host leaf cuticle and plant infection.

A six-coordinate transition-metal complex with a hexagonal planar geometry is isolated and characterized.

Characterization of a capillary flow phenomenon termed self-coalescence leads to the development of scalable, compact microfluidic devices that could see application in diagnostics, high-throughput screening and biological assays.

An analogue quantum simulator based on ultracold atoms in optical lattices and cavity quantum electrodynamics is proposed for the solution of quantum chemistry problems and tested numerically for a simple molecule.

Simulated mergers of two massive stars provide a solution to the long-standing puzzle of the origin of strong magnetic fields in a subset of massive stars.

A range of SF3B1 mutations promote tumorigenesis through the repression of BRD9, a core component of the non-canonical BAF complex, and correcting BRD9 mis-splicing in these SF3B1-mutant cells suppresses tumour growth.

In high-entropy alloys, atomic-resolution chemical mapping shows that swapping some of the atoms for larger, more electronegative elements results in atomic-scale modulations that produce higher yield strength, excellent strain hardening and ductility.

A ‘click’ reaction is developed for the simple and rapid formation of azides from primary amines, and is used to prepare a library of over 1,200 azides for subsequent use in the existing triazole annulation click reaction.

In humans and mouse models, the mycobiome of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma tumours is markedly enriched in Malassezia species compared to that of normal pancreas, which implicates these pathogenic fungi in oncogenesis.

Signalling between the transcription factor IRF6 and the kinase RIPK4, in particular the phosphorylation of IRF6 by RIPK4, regulates epidermal differentiation and lipid metabolism, thereby maintaining the function of the epidermal barrier.

Aerial sampling in the Sahel of Mali reveals large numbers of windborne malaria mosquitoes that had recently fed on blood and could cover hundreds of kilometres in a single night.

CRISPR–Cas9 engineering of the Drosophila Atpα gene (encoding the α-subunit of the sodium pump) is used to study the ability of mutations that evolved independently in several insect orders to confer resistance to keystone plant toxins.

Analyses of transcriptomes from patients with acute myeloid leukaemia identified frequently co-occurring mutations of IDH2 and SRSF2, which functional analyses showed to have distinct and coordinated leukaemogenic effects on the epigenome and RNA splicing.

Cryo-electron microscopy structures of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae inner kinetochore complex provide insights into the interdependencies of constituent subcomplexes and the mechanism of centromeric nucleosome recognition.

Condensation of interlayer excitons at temperatures above 100 kelvin is demonstrated in a van der Waals heterostructure consisting of two-dimensional atomic double layers of transition metal chalcogenides.