A Taguchi approach for optimization of mass transfer coefficient in metronidazole drug delivery process and activated carbon as a carrier

Activated carbon is a porous material that has a great character to be used for drug delivery system as carrier.It is agreed that drug carriers maintain the concentration of drugs within the required range for a long period of time and undetermined toxicity resulting from the use of overdoses , the ability to direct the drug to the affected area, immunity, biophysics, and drug efficacy. activated carbon was used in two different particle sizes (0.6µm size with surface area 544.4704 m2/g and 11.042 nm size with surface area 985.6013m2/g ) and Naproxen was used as a drug model. In this research study the effect of the number of parameters, including particle size, weight of drug to carrier weight ratio, on drug loading and temperature, time ,PH solution on mass transfer coefficient in unloading drug. the result of experiments was find that maximum loading efficiency obtain  when the particle size of activated carbon was in Nano. size and the ratio of weight drug to AC weight was 1.5. The unloading process was studied by studying the mass transfer coefficient and knowing the effect of the variables on its value ,these variables are time and temperature in addition to the PH value of the solution. The highest value of the mass transfer coefficient was obtained at the beginning of the unloading time ,at temperature 37 co and at solution in PH 6.5 .

The regularities and mechanism of adsorption of dimethylformamide and dimethylamine by industrial activated carbon in their joint presence from aqueous solutions are considered. The characteristics of equilibrium adsorption, the limiting stage, and the mass transfer coefficient have been determined. The main parameters of the adsorption column process and the mode of continuous cleaning are calculated by the method of mathematical modeling.

Absorption of oxygen into water and aqueous solutions of poly(acrylamides) was studied in an absorber with a wetted sphere. The effects of changes in the liquid flow rate and the polymer concentration on the liquid side mass transfer coefficient were examined. The results are expressed by correlations between dimensionless criteria modified for non-Newtonian liquids whose flow curve can be described by the Ostwald-de Waele model.

Abstract Background In this research work, a coupled heat and mass transfer model was developed for salt recovery from concentrated brine water through an osmotic membrane distillation (OMD) process in a hollow fiber membrane contactor (HFMC).The model was built based on the resistance-in-series concept for water transport across the hydrophobic membrane. The model was adopted to incorporate the effects of polarization layers such as temperature and concentration polarization, as well as viscosity changes during concentration. Results The modeling equations were numerically simulated in MATLAB® and were successfully validated with experimental data from literature with a deviation within the range of 1–5%. The model was then applied to study the effects of key process parameters like feed concentrations, osmotic solution concentration, feed, and osmotic solution flow rates and feed temperature on the overall heat and mass transfer coefficient as well as on water transport flux to improve the process efficiency. The mass balance modeling was applied to calculate the membrane area based on the simulated mass transfer coefficient. Finally, a scale-up for the MD process for salt recovery on an industrial scale was proposed. Conclusions This study highlights the effect of key parameters for salt recovery from wastewater using the membrane distillation process. Further, the applicability of the OMD process for salt recovery on large scale was investigated. Sensitivity analysis was performed to identify the key parameters. From the results of this study, it is concluded that the OMD process can be promising in salt recovery from wastewater.