mtt assay
Recently Published Documents

Nigella species are widely used to cure various ailments. Their health benefits, particularly from the seed oils, could be attributed to the presence of a variety of bioactive components. Roasting is a critical process that has historically been used to facilitate oil extraction and enhance flavor; it may also alter the chemical composition and biological properties of the Nigella seed. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the roasting process on the composition of the bioactive components and the biological activities of Nigella arvensis and Nigella sativa seed extracts. Our preliminary study showed that seeds roasted at 50 °C exhibited potent antimicrobial activities; therefore, this temperature was selected for roasting Nigella seeds. For extraction, raw and roasted seed samples were macerated in methanol. The antimicrobial activities against Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Klebsiella oxytoca were determined by measuring the diameter of the zone of inhibition. The cell viability of extracts was tested in a colon carcinoma cell line, HCT-116, by using a microculture tetrazolium technique (MTT) assay. Amino acids were extracted and quantified using an automatic amino acid analyzer. Then, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis was performed to identify the chemical constituents and fatty acids. As a result, the extracts of raw and roasted seeds in both Nigella species showed strong inhibition against Klebsiella oxytoca, and the raw seed extract of N.arvensis demonstrated moderate inhibition against S. pyogenes. The findings of the MTT assay indicated that all the extracts significantly decreased cancer cell viability. Moreover, N. sativa species possessed higher contents of the measured amino acids, except tyrosine, cystine, and methionine. The GC–MS analysis of extracts showed the presence of 22 and 13 compounds in raw and roasted N. arvensis, respectively, and 9 and 11 compounds in raw and roasted N. sativa, respectively. However, heat treatment decreased the detectable components to 13 compounds in roasted N. arvensis and increased them in roasted N. sativa. These findings indicate that N. arvensis and N. sativa could be potential sources of anticancer and antimicrobials, where the bioactive compounds play a pivotal role as functional components.

Background: Silver Nanoparticles are extensively studied by the scientific community for therapeutic applications. With respect to the fundamental pillars of bioethics “Primum non nocere” equal emphasis should be given to evaluate the toxicological perspectives of Silver nanoparticles. This study aims at evaluating the InVitro cytotoxic effects of Silver nanoparticles synthesized using hesperidin. Aim: To study the In Vitro cytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles on PBMC cells using (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Methods: Synthesized silver nanoparticles at various concentrations are incubated with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). After 24 hours MTT is added to the mixture to evaluate the cell viability post incubation. Yellow MTT (a tetrazole) which is reduced to purple formazan in the mitochondria of living cells. The absorbance of this colored solution can be quantified by measuring at 570 nm by a spectrophotometer. This reduction takes place only when mitochondrial reductase enzymes are active, and therefore conversion can be directly related to the number of viable (living) cells. Results: ?.Conclusion: Silver Nanoparticles do not exhibit any significant cytotoxicity on PBMCs and also there were no dose dependent trends in the results.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a disease which is causing a high degree of mortality around the world. The present study reports the antiproliferative impact of the thioacetamide calix[4]arene, CAII receptor on a highly differentiated Caco-2 cell line. This statement is corroborated by the MTT assay results which revealed a reduction in the cell viability with an IC50 value of 19.02 ± 0.04 µM. Microscopic results indicated that at the starting amount of 10 µM of CAII, a decrease in cells confluency can already be observed in addition to changes in cells morphology. Cell metabolic pathway changes were also investigated. 1H NMR findings showed downregulation in lactate, pyruvate, phosphocholine, lipids, and hydroxybutyrate with the upregulation of succinate, indicating a decline in the cells proliferation. Some biochemical alterations in the cells as a result of the CAII treatment were found by Raman spectroscopy.

Polyetheretherketone is a semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymer, that so with heat treatments, it is possible to get different properties which are very important for the material performance. Heat treatment is a broadly utilized to develop the semi-crystalline polymers properties. In the present investigation, annealing of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) was carried out at temperatures above its glass transition temperature (Tg) to study its effects upon the biological conduct of the control and PEEK ternary composites. The bioactivity of the specimens was evaluated by investigating the apatite formation after immersion for different periods in a simulated body fluid (SBF). The biocompatibility of specimens was assessed by MTT assay. Additionally, the antibacterial property of the specimens versus S. aureus was observed with the optical density methods. The results manifested that the formation of hydroxyapatite was obviously observed on specimens after immersion for (7 and 14 days) in the simulated body fluid (SBF). Otherwise, the results of MTT assay recorded the PEEK specimens that excited the activity of fibroblasts, and therefore a high cytocompatibility was noticed and the specimens revealed antibacterial properties against S. aureus. So, the results of the bioactivity, biocompatibility and antibacterial tests in vitro demonstrated that the heat treatment enhanced biological behavior.

Abstract Background: PRF as one of the favorable scaffolds in Regenerative Endodontic Treatment (RET), has several limitations such as the need for blood sampling and special equipment. High available commercial scaffolds such as fibrin are able to meet all the necessary requirements of dentin tissue engineering. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of PRF and fibrin gel, with and without the presence of EDTA-treated radicular dentin segments on SCAP viability, proliferation, migration, and differentiation.Methods: Radicular dentin were prepared from extracted teeth and treated by EDTA 17% .The samples were divided into 6 groups: Dentin/PRF/Cell, Dentin/Fibrin/Cell, Dentin/Cell, PRF/Cell, Fibrin/Cell and Cell (Control). SCAP viability was assessed using MTT assay. Gene expression levels of odontogenic markers [Dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), Dentin matrix protein 1(DMP1), Collagen type I Alpha 1(COL 1A1) and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were assessed using qrt-PCR. Cell migration were also evaluated by means of scratch test. Results: The results of MTT assay at showed that the viability of SCAP significantly increased after 7 days for both groups containing fibrin (P <0.05). The viability of SCAP seeded on Dentin/PRF and PRF significantly decreased after 7 days (P <0.001). The odontogenic markers were significantly expressed for both scaffolds in the presence of dentin segment (p<0.05). Significant decrease in scratch area was seen in Fibrin/Dentin group (p < 0.001)Conclusions:Fibrin beside EDTA-treated dentin showed great ability in survival, proliferation, differentiation, and migration of SCAP rather than PRF.

Nisin, an antimicrobial peptide produced by Lactococcus lactis, is widely used as a safe food preservative and has been recently attracting the attention of many researchers as a potential anticancer agent. The cytotoxicity of nisin against HeLa, OVCAR-3, SK-OV-3, and HUVEC cells was evaluated using MTT assay. The apoptotic effect of nisin was identified by Annexin-V/propidium iodide assay, and then it was further confirmed by western blotting analysis, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) analysis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay. The MTT assay showed concentration-dependent cytotoxicity of nisin towards cancer cell lines, with the IC50 values of 11.5-23 µM, but less toxicity against normal endothelial cells. Furthermore, treatment of cervical cancer cells with 12 µM nisin significantly (P<0.05) increased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio (4.9-fold), reduced ΔΨm (70%), and elevated ROS levels (1.7-fold). These findings indicated that nisin might have anticancer and apoptogenic activities through mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress damage in cervical cancer cells.

Objective: Both honeybees (Apis spp.) and stingless bees (Trigona spp.) produce honeys which normally taken orally, have high nutritional and therapeutics value. Until recently, phytochemical comparison of both honey is still scarce and elucidating cytotoxicity effects on human gingival fibroblast cells (HGF) in oral cavity is of interest. Materials and Methods: Kelulut honey (KH), acquired from the stingless bees and acacia honey (AH) from the sting bees honey samples were underwent GC-MS analysis to ascertain their composition. HGF were exposed to various concentrations of KH and AH from the lowest 0.015% to the highest 5% by MTT assay for 24h, 48h and 72h. Results: GC-MS analysis determined various beneficial compounds such as flavonoids, furans, pyrans, levoglucosan and hydroxymethylfurfural from both of honey samples. MTT assay showed that the HGF cells demonstrated good viability up to percentages (v/v) as high as almost 2% in both honeys. The IC50 values for both honey for all time frames fall at above 2%. Conclusion: Both honey showed good survivability of HGF cells up to 2% of concentration. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 21(1) 2022 Page : 158-164