ferromagnetic coupling
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Ferromagnetic coupling exists in an uneven chain-like copper(II) complex with both end-on azido and syn-syn carboxylato bridges, (Cu3(L)2(N3)4(H2O)3)n (1, HL = 6-hydroxynicotinic acid). It is the first example of one-dimensional (1D) chain-like copper(II) coordination polymer showing both metamagnetic behavior and long-range magnetic ordering (Tc = 6.7 K), thanks to the interchain hydrogen bonds, which make a three-dimensional (3D) supramolecular array of the entire molecular structure and mediate the interchain antiferromagnetic interaction.

Abstract Nanocrystalline powders of Fe-doped SnO2 (Sn1-xFexO2) (x = 0.00, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05) were prepared by a hydrothermal method. The powders were calcined in argon atmosphere at 600 °C for 2 h, causing phase transition from diamagnetic and weak ferromagnetic behavior to a ferromagnetic state. No trace and other magnetic impurity phases was detected in the samples with Fe content up to 3%. The calcined samples of Fe-doped SnO2 revealed the room temperature ferromagnetism with highest magnetization values of 434.07 memu/g at 15 kOe for x = 0.05. The room temperature ferromagnetism of samples originated from oxygen vacancies that occurred in the argon calcination process. In particular, oxygen vacancy shows a significant role in ferromagnetic coupling corresponding to F-center interaction.