time compression
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<p>HADES is a mine scout robot designed to be deployed by first responders to assess mine conditions post-disaster. HADES requires the capability of wireless communication between HADES and the operators on the surface station. Post-disaster mine conditions pose significant challenges to communication systems. This thesis discusses a wireless solution using 802.11b ad-hoc radios. The system developed in this thesis, named HERMES, comprises of the node system RF electronics, internal firmware, and ROS interface to the endpoints. A node design is developed in conjunction with a 2.4 GHz radio module capable of transmitting basic video data. The wireless HERMES nodes are stacked in the HADES robot and deployed as the robot traverses the mine. These wireless nodes are operable for at least 8 hours and have a range of 80 m. The wireless network formed by HERMES allows both video data and sensor data to return to a base station outside the mine. A bespoke decimation in time compression video compression strategy is implemented which provides a basic monochrome video stream with 320 x 240 resolution. This enables video to be streamed through the HERMES network with an overall through-put of 160 kbps on the application level. This basic compression is investigated and evaluated and a video stream with a peak refresh-rate of 40 frames per second with an 800 millisecond response delay is achieved.</p>

<p>HADES is a mine scout robot designed to be deployed by first responders to assess mine conditions post-disaster. HADES requires the capability of wireless communication between HADES and the operators on the surface station. Post-disaster mine conditions pose significant challenges to communication systems. This thesis discusses a wireless solution using 802.11b ad-hoc radios. The system developed in this thesis, named HERMES, comprises of the node system RF electronics, internal firmware, and ROS interface to the endpoints. A node design is developed in conjunction with a 2.4 GHz radio module capable of transmitting basic video data. The wireless HERMES nodes are stacked in the HADES robot and deployed as the robot traverses the mine. These wireless nodes are operable for at least 8 hours and have a range of 80 m. The wireless network formed by HERMES allows both video data and sensor data to return to a base station outside the mine. A bespoke decimation in time compression video compression strategy is implemented which provides a basic monochrome video stream with 320 x 240 resolution. This enables video to be streamed through the HERMES network with an overall through-put of 160 kbps on the application level. This basic compression is investigated and evaluated and a video stream with a peak refresh-rate of 40 frames per second with an 800 millisecond response delay is achieved.</p>

PurposeThis paper aims to establish a theoretic framework to provide a fundamental understanding of cyberspatial objects, their existence and their identification scheme while providing a connection between cyber-enabled spaces and cyberspace. It develops an avenue to quantify general philosophical and theoretical questions, precisely, inherently spatial basis that produces an unprecedented space–time continuum, in which cyber-enabled relations evolve.Design/methodology/approachMultidisciplinary theoretical approaches are needed to describe complex systems, which in this paper are integrated in a quest for the principles underlying the structural organization and dynamics of cyberspace. A theoretic framework is presented, and the spatial conception of cyber-enabled physical, social, information and thinking spaces and entities existence are provided.FindingsWith spatial objects and spatial properties, cyberspace is inherently spatial. Its basic constructs are founded on its spatial qualities and producing radical space–time compression, cyber-enabled spaces in which dynamic relations develop and thrive. The cyberspatial object operations are primarily built on foundations that depend on physical space and other spatial metaphors. Information space, basically missing in the literature, is an important part of cyberspace.Research limitations/implicationsThis work suggested a novel analytical approach to describing cyberspace from broader perspectives and fields. Due to the novelty and divergence of cyber concepts, an interdisciplinary study and methodology are needed. Thus, more research toward theoretical direction could help many of the practical implementations of concepts.Practical implicationsThe research is of particular significance in cyberspatial mechanics to describe the dynamics and behavior of cyber physical systems. For example, object-based analysis functions like spatial query, node pattern analysis, cluster analysis, spatial similarity analysis and location modeling.Originality/valueComplementing the existing literature and defining information space to the research sphere, a theoretical framework providing a fundamental understanding of cyberspatial objects and the general cyberspace foundation has been proposed, resulting in a formalized concept of existence, interactions and applications and services, with respect to philosophy, science and technology, respectively.

With the explosion of multimedia learning environments and the use of digital time-compression algorithms in common software and hardware, we need guidance on how to use this technology without sacrificing quality and learning outcomes. The purpose of the meta-analysis is to examine the existing empirical research literature to derive an overall integrated model for the use of digital time-compression algorithms in multimedia learning environments. We frame this research by coining the accelerated playback hypothesis, which posits that learning outcomes will not diminish with accelerated playback of multimedia learning materials until a threshold is reached. Systematically searching twelve academic databases and filtering the literature, we identified seven qualified manuscripts with k = 18 independent effect size comparisons using time-compression in the context of multimedia learning. The overall effect size for playback speed 1.4–1.5x is small and significant at g = −0.212 [95% CI = −0.378, −0.045]. The overall effect size for playback speed 1.8–2.0x is small and non-significant at g = −0.362 [95% CI = −0.743 to 0.019]. Discussion and implications for practice and research are provided.

AbstractIncreasing evidence indicates that voluntary actions can modulate the subjective time experience of its outcomes to optimize dynamic interaction with the external environment. In the present study, using a temporal reproduction task where participants reproduced the duration of an auditory stimulus to which they were previously exposed by performing different types of voluntary action, we examined how the subjective time experience of action outcomes changed with voluntary action types. Two experiments revealed that the subjective time experience of action outcomes was compressed, compared with physical time, if the action was performed continuously (Experiment 1), possibly enhancing the experience of controlling the action outcome, or if the action was added an extra task-unrelated continuous action (Experiment 2), possibly reflecting different underlying mechanisms from subjective time compression induced by the task-related continuous action. The majority of prior studies have focused on the subjective time experience of action outcomes when actions were performed voluntarily or not, and no previous study has examined the effects of differences in voluntary action types on the subjective time experience of action outcomes. These findings may be useful in situations in which people wish to intentionally compress their own time experience of daily events through their voluntary actions.

This article discusses how urban life is represented through the Barsa City, Uttara the Icon, and The Palace apartment advertisements and promotional videos. Applying Guy Debord's idea of spectacle to examine how urban life is transformed into visualization and commodification, also George Ritzer’s idea of re-enchantment of the disenchanted world and the new means of consumption. This article is aimed to analyze the position of apartments in the urban space of Yogyakarta that is discursively constructed through apartment promotional media. The conclusion of this research shows that apartments are functionalized to create the spectacle of the city. Urban space and life are aestheticized and spectacularized, in which apartments are displayed as part of dramatic and extravagant urban arts. Presented as one-stop-serving buildings, the apartments also promote the fusion of living space, urban style experience, and consumption which lead to the difficulty in distinguishing spatial boundaries. The advertisements and promotional videos of the apartment in Yogyakarta also promote temporal paradox. On the one hand, it promotes time compression and speed, meanwhile, on the other hand it promotes prolonged and extended time to foster consumption in the urban space.

Purpose A broad area of interest to our group is to understand the consequences of the “cue profile” (a measure of how well a listener can utilize audible temporal and/or spectral cues for listening scenarios in which a subset of cues is distorted. The study goal was to determine if listeners whose cue profile indicated that they primarily used temporal cues for recognition would respond differently to speech-envelope distortion than listeners who utilized both spectral and temporal cues. Method Twenty-five adults with sensorineural hearing loss participated in the study. The listener's cue profile was measured by analyzing identification patterns for a set of synthetic syllables in which envelope rise time and formant transitions were varied. A linear discriminant analysis quantified the relative contributions of spectral and temporal cues to identification patterns. Low-context sentences in noise were processed with time compression, wide-dynamic range compression, or a combination of time compression and wide-dynamic range compression to create a range of speech-envelope distortions. An acoustic metric, a modified version of the Spectral Correlation Index, was calculated to quantify envelope distortion. Results A binomial generalized linear mixed-effects model indicated that envelope distortion, the cue profile, the interaction between envelope distortion and the cue profile, and the pure-tone average were significant predictors of sentence recognition. Conclusions The listeners with good perception of spectro-temporal contrasts were more resilient to the detrimental effects of envelope compression than listeners who used temporal cues to a greater extent. The cue profile may provide information about individual listening that can direct choice of hearing aid parameters, especially those parameters that affect the speech envelope.