diallel crosses
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Abstract In this paper Complete Diallel Crosses (CDC) plan is constructed using two Balanced Incomplete Block Designs and the Galois field with the same set of parametersI. The designs were isomorphic on each other and the crossing is made between the lines. The analysis of CDC plans to estimate the general combining ability (GCA) effects and specific combining ability (SCA) effects were excluded from the model. The efficiency value of the constructed CDC plan is tends to 1, and universally optimum when v is very large. The construction is also illustrated with the suitable example.

A field experiment was carried out in the plastic houses , College of Agricultural Engineering Ssciences , University of Baghdad during the spring season 2018. Six inbred lines of bitter gourd were entered into full diallel crosses, and planted during 2018-2019 season (six inbred lines symbolized as 1,2,3,4,5,6 +15 diallel hybrid + 15 reciprocal hybrid + control hybrid) according to randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates, each experimental unit occupied 6 plants. Results revealed a significant differences among the genotypes in most of studied traits, The reciprocal hybrid 5×4 gave the highest values in leaf chlorophyll content (27.61 mlg mg-1), sex ratio (0.611), fruit setting percent (85.74%), and plant yield (2.005 kg), while the diallel hybrid 1×4 gave the highest values in leaves area (1.172 m2), sex ratio (0.747), fruits number (23.16), and plant yield (2.023 kg plant-1), Also the hybrid 6×4 gave the highest value in plant yield (2.105 kg plant-1), and the hybrid 1×3 gave the highest value in total phenols concentration (5.67 mlg gm-1), and the hybrid 2×3 gave the highest value in fruits weight (105.58 gm), charantin concentration (0.616 gm). Furthermore, many of reversal and reciprocal hybrids showed a positive hybrid abundance in the desired direction among the studied parameters, The reciprocal hybrid 6×4 gave the highest hybrid abundance in fruit weight (59.17%) and plant yield (120.3%), also the hybrid 5×4 gave the highest  hybrid abundance in plant yield (69.99%).