world war ii veterans
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Despite the widespread concepts of “civic journalism”, “social journalism”, “community-centered journalism”, “citizens journalism”, social projects implemented by the local media remain insufficiently studied. Journalists initiate and organize public discussions on hot issues, defend the rights of low-income families and World War II veterans, raise money for operations. The current research conducted at the School of Journalism at Lomonosov Moscow State University examined the phenomenon of journalists’ participation in solving social issues of local communities. We analyzed the descriptions of 126 social projects by local media and 25 questionnaires. The article discusses the factors that influence decision-making on the implementation of social projects. The authors present the themes, aims of social projects, and 15 types of initiation of social projects, give examples of constructive and nonconstructive relations between journalists and representatives of authorities, business, NGOs in initiation and implementation of social projects. The authors noted that journalists and citizens, to a greater extent than representatives of local authorities, business, NGOs, are initiators of solving social problems and developing the local community. The findings appear to demonstrate that by initiating and realizing social projects, local media are fulfilling the meta-function of the development of civil society. The authors highlight the necessity of supporting journalistic initiatives.

From city streets to City Hall and to Midtown corporate offices, this book is the incredible true story of how one middle-class community defeated the largest residential real-estate deal in American history. As a lifetime Stuy Town resident and former City Councilman, the author recounts how his neighbors stood up to mammoth real-estate interests and successfully fought to save their homes, delivering New York City's biggest-ever affordable-housing preservation win. In 2006, the author found himself engaged in an unexpected battle. Stuyvesant Town was built for World War II veterans by MetLife, in partnership with the City. Two generations removed, MetLife announced that it would sell Stuy Town to the highest bidder. The author and his neighbors sprang into action. Battle lines formed with real-estate titans like Tishman Speyer and BlackRock facing an organized coalition of residents, who made a competing bid to buy the property themselves. Tripped-up by an over-leveraged deal, the collapse of the American housing market, and a novel lawsuit brought by tenants, the real-estate interests collapsed, and the tenants stood ready to take charge and shape the future of their community. The result was a once-in-a-generation win for tenants and an extraordinary outcome for middle-class New Yorkers. The book shows how creative problem solving, determination, and brute-force politics can be marshalled for the public good. The nine-year struggle to save Stuyvesant Town by these residents is an inspiration to everyone who is committed to ensuring that New York remains a livable, affordable, and economically diverse city.

The article explores the incipience of veterans' policies in the United States of America during 1940-1956. This period is notable in veterans' history. This is caused not only by social realities after World War II but by the implementation of brand-new fundamental principles in process of forming veterans' policies. These principles opened a new page in interactions between the government and the veteran community. The article analyzes drafting the Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944, commonly known as the G.I. Bill of Rights, as well as public discussions around it initiated by President Roosevelt's Administration. One of the main actors of the process was American Legion, influential conservative veterans' organization. The law presented by Legion was passed by Congress. The Act took effect on June 22, 1944, and lasted until 1956. G.I. Bill of Rights guaranteed numerous benefits for veterans in variable spheres of social policies, including medical care, education, housing and business loans, unemployment compensations. The most significant effect had educational programs of G.I. Bill. About 8 million American veterans, including women and African Americans, exercised their right to attend schools, colleges, and universities. Educational programs had great implications both for the veterans' population and social affairs, especially the educational system in the United States. Higher education became more widespread and democratic after the implementation of the G.I. Bill. World War II veterans had the opportunity to realize their potential in different fields, in particular in the political area. G.I. Bill of Rights had a great impact on forming the image of the veteran in the USA. The Act demonstrated the new role of veterans' policies in the context of government activities. Besides, thanks to the educational programs of the G.I. Bill veteran community became a proactive social group that played an important role in the US policy-making in the second half of the 20th century.

Abstract Background There is evidence that colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors in the general population have a higher incidence of additional primary cancer (APC). In addition, distinct patterns of APC have been seen in survivors with right side colon cancer (RCC) versus those with left side colon and rectal cancer (LCRC). These findings may not be representative for veterans surviving colorectal cancer. Methods Retrospective chart review was done for 1540 veterans treated for sporadic CRC between July 1995 and December 2011 at three major Veteran Affairs Medical Centers. Sex, war period served, age and pathological stage at diagnosis, tumor laterality, and site/organs of APCs were collected. Results 99% of our cohort were male. The average age of CRC surviving veterans was 70 as compared to 68 reported in the general population. 27.4% of our cohort had at least one APC as compared to less than 12% reported for the general population. CRC surviving veterans with one or two APCs were older than those without APC (71.2 or 72.5 respectively vs 69.4). The incident of APC was highest in Korean War veterans (27.8%), followed by World War II veterans (24.8%), and Vietnam War veterans (15.9%). Veterans with RCC were older than those with LCRC (71.7 vs 68.8). They also had a higher incidence of APC (32. 9% vs 22.9%). This difference remained unchanged after the cohorts were aged matched (32.9% vs 25.5%). There were more Lynch syndrome related APCs in veterans with RCC that veterans with LCRC (9.6% vs 6.4%). However, this difference did not remain statistically significant in the age-matched cohorts. Conclusion More than one in four veterans surviving CRC had APC. Veterans with APC were older, more likely to be Korean War or World War II veterans. There were distinct differences between veterans surviving RCC versus LCRC.

Abstract The present qualitative study examined the reconciliation of trauma experienced by 55 World War II veterans (22 aeronautical crew members, 27 non-pilot combatants, and 6 veterans with dementia) demonstrated via testimonial language within a semi-structured interview. The research team considered themes of language coherence as they relate to veteran experiences of trauma and reconciliation. Trauma literature documents the importance of personal narratives in both identifying and reconciling traumatic experiences. This study examined morals and values of participants, traumatic experiences either lived or witnessed, and reconciliation of trauma as demonstrated by the coherence of participants’ linguistic and paralinguistic communication. Linguistic analysis included the use of evaluative and emotional language; linguistic devices such as crowding, topic maintenance, and humor; and lessons learned from trauma and the reconciliation process. Prosody was analyzed as a paralinguistic indicator of trauma and reconciliation using audio recordings of semi-structured interviews. The primary findings revealed that highly coherent language is present among participants with distinct content when comparing episodes from youth and reflections of experience in old age. The unique differences demonstrated overall strength of veterans’ narrative identity throughout their lives. Strength of identity and coherence of language indicated adequate reconciliation of traumatic events. Reconciliation of trauma was also evident in veterans’ participation in the study and generative behavior described in testimonial language.