pid tuning
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Phase-locked loop (PLL) is a fundamental and crucial component of a photovoltaic (PV) connected inverter, which plays a significant role in high-quality grid connection by fast and precise phase detection and lock. Several novel critical structure improvements and proportional-integral (PI) parameter optimization techniques of PLL were proposed to reduce shock current and promote the quality of grid connection at present. However, the present techniques ignored the differential element of PLL and did not acquire ideal results. Thus, this paper adopts Aquila optimizer algorithm to regulate the proportional-integral-differential (PID) parameters of PLL for smoothing power fluctuation and improving grid connection quality. Three regulation strategies (i.e., PLL regulation, global regulation, and step regulation) are carefully designed to systematically and comprehensively evaluate the performance of the proposed method based on a simulation model in MATLAB/Simulink, namely, “250-kW Grid-Connected PV Array”. Simulation results indicate that PLL regulation strategy can effectively decrease power fluctuation and overshoot with a short response time, low complexity, and time cost. Particularly, the Error(P) and the maximum deviation of output power under optimal parameters obtained by PLL strategy are decreased by 418 W and 12.5 kW compared with those under initial parameters, respectively.

Drilling vibrations has been identified as a key performance limiter that prevents successful energy transfer from the surface to the bit. The resultant irregular bit rotation speed causes drilling challenges like poor hole quality and reduction in rate of penetration to name a few. Amongst other vibration suppression techniques, active control of vibrations is widely used and recommended. Active control system utilizes a closed loop feedback control to continuously adapt to downhole vibrations detected at the surface. The system requires regular tuning and upgrades which is done experimentally before field deployment. The paper presents a PID based experimental tuning of horizontal and vertical strings for irregular RPM. In doing so, the paper highlights the need of having horizontal experimental setups for state-of-the-art PID tuning for downhole RPM. The settling time of irregular RPM for horizontal setup is found to be lower than the vertical configuration due to multiple contact points and increased friction coefficient.

This paper proposed the chaotic safe experimentation dynamics algorithm (CSEDA) to regulate angular tracking and vibration of the self-tuning PID controller for elastic joint manipulators. CSEDA was a modified version of the safe experimentation dynamics algorithm (SEDA) that used a chaos function in the updated equation. The chaos function increased the exploration capability, thus improving the convergence accuracy. In this study, two self-tuning PID controllers were used to regulate the rotating angle tracking and vibration for elastic joint manipulators in this control challenge. The suggested self-tuning PID controller's performance was evaluated in angular motion trajectory tracking, vibration suppression, and the pre-determined control fitness function. A self-tuned PID controller based on CSEDA could achieve superior control accuracy than a traditional SEDA and its variants.

To select reasonable PID controller parameters and improve control performances of hydraulic systems, a variable weight beetle antenna search algorithm is proposed for PID tuning in the hydraulic system. The beetle antennae search algorithm is inspired by the beetle preying habit depending on symmetry antennae on the head. The proposed algorithm added the exponential equation mechanism strategy in the basic algorithm to further improve the searching performance, the convergence speed, and the optimization accuracy and obtain new iteration and an updating method in the global searching and local searching stages. In the PID tuning process, advantages of less parameters and fast iteration are realized in the PID tuning process. In this paper, different dimension functions were tested, and results calculated by the proposed algorithm were compared with other famous algorithms, and the numerical analysis was carried out, including the iteration, the box-plot, and the searching path, which comprehensively showed the searching balance in the proposed algorithm. Finally, the reasonable PID controller parameters are found by using the proposed method, and the tuned PID controller is introduced into the hydraulic system for control, and the time-domain response characteristics and frequency response characteristics are given. The results show that the proposed PID tuning method has good PID parameter tuning ability, and the tuned PID has a good control ability, which makes the hydraulic system achieve the desired effect.