fusarium verticillioides
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AbstractThe biosynthetic pathways for the fungal polyketides bikaverin and bostrycoidin, from Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium solani respectively, were reconstructed and heterologously expressed in S. cerevisiae alongside seven different phosphopantetheinyl transferases (PPTases) from a variety of origins spanning bacterial, yeast and fungal origins. In order to gauge the efficiency of the interaction between the ACP-domains of the polyketide synthases (PKS) and PPTases, each were co-expressed individually and the resulting production of target polyketides were determined after 48 h of growth. In co-expression with both biosynthetic pathways, the PPTase from Fusarium verticillioides (FvPPT1) proved most efficient at producing both bikaverin and bostrycoidin, at 1.4 mg/L and 5.9 mg/L respectively. Furthermore, the remaining PPTases showed the ability to interact with both PKS’s, except for a single PKS-PPTase combination. The results indicate that it is possible to boost the production of a target polyketide, simply by utilizing a more optimal PPTase partner, instead of the commonly used PPTases; NpgA, Gsp and Sfp, from Aspergillus nidulans, Brevibacillus brevis and Bacillus subtilis respectively.

One of the elements capable of explaining the epidemics of diseases in the fields of corn production is the amount of initial inoculum present in seeds. The objective of this paper was to study the health and physiological quality of maize hybrids grown in the 2019 crop. The experiment was carried out using 22 hybrids represented by: 13K21PW Morgan©, 14K185PW Morgan©, 230 PRO 3 DKB©, 290 PRO 3 DKB© , 3040 VIP3 LG©, 3055 VIP3 LG©, 30F35 Pioneer ©, 310 PRO 3 DKB©, 345 PRO 3 DKB©, 8882 Coded DKB, CBS15C385PW Morgan©, CBS15D089PW Morgan©, CBS15SE137PW Morgan©, Coded x40K205 (3898) Pioneer, K9606 VIP3 KWS©, MG580PW Morgan©, MG652PW Morgan©, SH 7930 PRO 2 Sta Helena©, SH 7990 PRO 2 Sta Helena©, SX5885 VIP3 Syngenta©, SX71715 VIP3 Syngenta© and SX8934 VIP3 Syngenta© that were grown in the municipality of Ipameri, GO. Analyzed the percentage of primary root emission (ERP),% of shoot emission (EPA),% of microorganism incidence, % of fungus genera (% GF). Sixteen fungi were detected representing the microflora detected in the seeds of the evaluated hybrids recognized as Penicillium sp., Aspergillus sp., Curvularia sp., Fusarium verticillioides, Gliomastix sp., Cladosporium sp., Gliocladium sp., Bacillus sp., Geotrichum sp. , Trichoderma sp., Mucor sp., Stenocarpela maydis, Pythium sp., Chaetomium sp., Sporotrix sp. and Scopulariopsis sp. The multivariate analysis jointed the cultivars with highest physiological activity represented by SX 8934 Vip3 SYN®, SX 71715 Vip 3®, 3040 Vip3 LG®, SHS 7990 PRO2, SX 5885 Vip3, MG 652 PW®, K9606 Vip3®, DKB 345 PRO3. The lowest incidence of microorganism was in hybrids DKB 345 PRO3 and 8882 cod.

Fusarium causing disease in maize is probably the one of the most serious diseases among the crop plants all over the world. It not only damages the maize plant, reduces its potential yield and its nutritional values but imposes threatening to the human life through the induction of mycotoxin development. F. graminearum and F. moniliforme syn. Fusarium verticillioides are two important maize pathogens that cause substantial damage to its ear, stalk and foliage, causing contamination of grains with mycotoxins. Since conventional methods of controlling the diseases including the chemical methods proved not enough for total control of the disease with creating situation even worse for our surroundings, the application of PGPR and PGPF can play significant role to control the damage caused by Fusarium.

Les fumonisines sont des mycotoxines produites par le genre Fusarium, et plus particulièrement Fusarium verticillioides (anciennement appelé F. moniliforme) et F. proliferatum. Elles ont une large distribution et une grande importance économique et sanitaire. Les plus courantes sont la fumonisine B1 (FB1) et la fumonisine B2 (FB2). La FB1 est un puissant cancérogène chez les animaux de laboratoire et elle est suspectée d’être à l’origine du cancer de l’oesophage chez les humains. Les fumonisines sont également considérées comme altérant l’intégrité intestinale chez la volaille, engendrant de l’entérite nécrotique responsable de diarrhées et réduisant les performances zootechniques. Cet article présente la prévalence des FB1 et FB2 dans des aliments pour volaille prélevés dans plusieurs sites (wilayas) en Algérie. La méthode d’analyse LC/MS/MS a été utilisée pour déterminer les concentrations de fumonisines. Les FB1 et FB2 ont été retrouvées dans les 69 échantillons testés, dont 11,60 % avaient des concentrations inférieures à 400 μg/kg, 53,62 % des concentrations inférieures à 3000 μg/kg et 34,78 % des concentrations supérieures à 3000 μg/kg. C’est la première étude en Algérie montrant qu’il serait important de rechercher les fumonisines dans les aliments pour volaille et d’éviter d’utiliser ceux dont les teneurs dépasseraient les seuils considérés comme élevés. Il serait donc justifié d’établir des limites de fumonisines à ne pas dépasser dans l’aliment pour volaille. Lors de pertes de performances et de dysfonctionnement du système immunitaire, les vétérinaires devraient rechercher la présence éventuelle de fumonisines.

AbstractMaize kernel is exposed to several fungal species, most notably Fusarium verticillioides, which can contaminate maize kernels with fumonisins. In an effort to increase genetic gains and avoid the laborious tasks of conventional breeding, the use of marker-assisted selection or genomic selection programs was proposed. To this end, in the present study a Genome Wide Association Study (GWAS) was performed on 339 RILs of a Multiparental Advanced Generation InterCross (MAGIC) population that had previously been used to locate Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) for resistance to Fusarium Ear Rot (FER). Six QTLs for fumonisin content were detected in the bins 3.08, 4.07, 4.10, 7.03-7.04, 9.04-9.05 and 10.04-10.5. Five of the six QTLs collocate in regions where QTLs for FER were also found. However, the genetic variation for fumonisin content in kernel is conditioned by many other QTLs of small effect that could show QTL x environment interaction effects. Although a genomic selection approach to directly reduce fumonisin content in the kernel could be suitable, improving resistance to fumonisin content by genomic selection for FER would be more advisable.