careful history
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<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Pemphigus is a potential life-threatening skin disorder belonging to the group of the autoimmune bullous diseases affecting the skin and mucosa. The most common subtypes are pemphigus foliaceus (PF) and pemphigus vulgaris. <b><i>Case Presentation:</i></b> We present the case of a young woman with scalp manifestations diagnosed as seborrhiasis who came to our office where a more careful history and clinical examination directed us toward another diagnostic suspicion. The histological examination confirmed our suspicion of pemphigus and therefore we believe it is important to report our experience to avoid misdiagnosis. <b><i>Discussion/Conclusion:</i></b> Our case may be useful in the literature to identify cases of PF with atypical manifestations that may mimic other diseases.

SUMMARY A wide variety of neurological conditions may present first to a psychiatrist and it is important to be aware of these in differential diagnosis. A careful history, examination and a broad differential diagnosis can help set up an appropriate management plan – with room to change if things change in unexpected ways. In this article we explore common ground shared by psychiatry and neurology and show how incorporation of neurological knowledge can improve the practice of psychiatry. Using four fictional case vignettes of altered mental status we explore important neurological differential diagnoses which could present to the Psychiatrist.

Primary headache disorders are those in which the predominant clinical feature is headache that is not caused by or attributed to another disorder. This chapter reviews the common primary headache disorders of migraine, tension-type headache, and chronic daily headache. The present chapter reviews less common primary headache disorders, such as trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias and headaches with certain triggers. A careful history, physical examination, and additional testing are often necessary to rule out a secondary cause.

Transverse testicular ectopia (TTE) is a rare but well-known congenital anomaly that occurs 1 in 4 million in which both testes migrate toward the same hemiscrotum. In most of the cases it is an intra-operative finding, but preoperative diagnosis can be made by careful history taking, physical examination and imaging studies. Further evaluation is very important because it can be associated with other congenital anomalies. We report a case of TTE in a 32 years old male who presented with sudden painful swelling in right inguinoscrotal region. Physical examination revealed right sided obstructed inguinal hernia and left sided non palpable testis with underdevelopment of left hemiscrotum. On exploration, one testis is found within the hernial sac and the other testis within scrotum of same side. The testis which was already in right side of scrotum was kept in same place and the other testis which was found within hernial sac was kept in subdartos pouch at the root of right side of scrotum. Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2021;16(1):52-54

Abstract Aim Prescription of necessary regular medications to patients within 24 hours of admission to the hospital is vital for better healthcare. Our aim was to analyse whether regular medications were prescribed to all general surgical patients within that time limit, to find the rationale behind the shortcomings and to suggest a more efficient way to overcome them. Materials and Methods A retrospective analysis of 186 surgical patients in the month of February 2020 who stayed in the hospital for more than 24 hours in General Surgery (167) and Urology (19) were analysed. Out of these, 100 were females and 86 males with the maximum in age group of 31-60 years (80) and 75 patients were more than 6o years. 11 groups of medications were analysed. Findings Conclusion More attention needs to be paid towards prescribing medications at the earliest. This could be improved by careful history taking and prescribing medications at the time of admission itself; GP to include all the medication history while referring a patient, liaising with pharmacist and family members for confirming the patients’ medications and providing portable bedside computers for doctors while they are seeing patients.

Key Points Dysmenorrhea (ie, painful menses) is a frequent cause of school absenteeism in girls.Primary dysmenorrhea typically occurs 1 to 2 years after menarche.Common causes of secondary dysmenorrhea including sexually transmitted infections (STIs), pelvic inflammatory disease, endometriosis, outflow tract obstruction, and endometrial polyps or fibroids.A careful history and physical examination are sufficient to diagnose primary dysmenorrhea.Secondary dysmenorrhea may require additional evaluation, including STI testing, imaging studies, and referral to a specialist.

Scabies may present with unusual features like vesicles, pustules, and bullae. In the setting of an already burdened health sector, careful history taking is of utmost importance in order to avoid unnecessary and expensive investigations to reach a diagnosis.

AbstractGiven its prominent lateral position, the auricle is a common site of injury after blunt trauma. Auricular injuries can lead to both functional and aesthetic complications. A careful history and examination will help determine the mechanism of injury and identify factors that may influence repair. Auricular reconstruction is highly individualized and depends on the size, location, and nature of injury. Understanding the complex three-dimensional anatomy of the external ear is a necessity for appropriate reconstruction. This article reviews the reconstructive options for simple and complex auricular injuries based on the anatomical site and the intricate three-dimensional structures that form the auricle.

Horner syndrome (HS) classically presents with ipsilateral blepharoptosis, pupillary miosis, and facial anhidrosis and caused by a lesion along the oculosympathetic pathway from the hypothalamus to eye. The diagnosis of HS in a patient presenting with partial ptosis may be easily missed in the Asian patient. This is mainly due to the dark irides, making detection of anisocoria on direct visualization difficult. Index of suspicion must be high, especially in the absence of any extraocular motility or lid abnormalities. We present a case where a healthy asymptomatic patient presented with partial ptosis and diagnosis of HS was eventually confirmed through pharmacological tests. Non-targeted imaging with a simple chest X-ray revealed an apical lung lesion which eventually turned out to be malignant. Although it is a typical textbook description, this case highlights the importance of careful history and examination in an otherwise healthy patient presenting with mild ptosis.