IRS Concrete Bridge Code Design Criteria's

IRS Concrete Bridge code Design criterias
Limit State Approach : Refer Clause 10.1,, page V-38 of IRS Concrete Bridge code The usual approach will be to design on the basis of the limit state expected to be most critical and then to check that the remaining limit states will not be reached and that all other requirements will be met. Stress limitation as per limit State of serviceability :
Refer Clause 10.2.2, Table 11, page V-39 of IRS Concrete Bridge code
Temperature Gradient : 11.1.1, page V-40 of IRS Concrete Bridge code

For design of concrete bridges of span 30m and larger, an appropriate temperature gradient shall be considered. In the absence of any data in this regard, depending on the environmental conditions, a linear gradient of temperature of 50C to 100C between the top and bottom fibres may be considered for design. The effect of difference in temperature between outside and inside of box girders shall also be considered in design.
1.
Combination of Loads : Refer Clause 11.2, page V-40 of IRS Concrete Bridge code.
11.2.1.1 Combinations 1 The permanent loads i.e. dead load, superimposed loads etc. together with the appropriate live loads.
Combination 1: DL+SIDL+LL
2.
11.2.1.2 Combinations 2 The load to be considered are the loads in combination 1, together with those due to wind/earthquake, and where erection is being considered temporary erection loads (TEL). Combination 2: DL+SIDL+LL + WL/EQL+TEL(when erection is been considered)
3.
11.2.1.3 Combinations 3 The load to be considered are the loads in combination 1, together with those arising from restraint due to the effect of temperature range and difference and where erection is being considered temporary erection loads (TEL). Combination 3: DL+SIDL+LL+Temperature+TEL(when erection is been considered)
4.
11.2.1.4 Combinations 4 The load to be considered are the permanent loads, together with the loads due to friction at bearings. Combination 4: DL+SIDL+ load due to friction bearings
5.
11.2.1.5 Combinations 5- Dead load, superimposed dead load, together with derailment loads.
Combination 5: DL+SIDL+derailment loads
Loads to be taken in each combination with appropriate Yfl

Refer TABLE 12, (Clauses 11.2 and 11.3), page V-42 of IRS Concrete Bridge code.
Values of Y for the serviceability stress limitations.

M
Refer TABLE 13, (Clauses 12.4.2), page V-44 of IRS Concrete Bridge code NOTE: The higher values for pre-stressed concrete arise because the whole concrete cross section is normally in compression and therefore creep will be greater than in reinforced concrete. Similarly in reinforced concrete creep will be greater where the compressive stress distribution is uniform over the whole cross section.
Values of Y for the Ultimate limit state stress limitations.

M
Refer Clauses 12.4.3, page V-44 of IRS Concrete Bridge code For both reinforced concrete and pre-stressed concrete, the values of Ym applied to the characteristic strengths are 1.5 for concrete and 1.15 for reinforcement and pre-stressing tendons.
Service Life.
Refer Clauses 15.1.3, page V-48 of IRS Concrete Bridge code The bridges shall be designed for the service life as given below: Type of Structure
1. Bridges in sea 2. Bridges in coastal areas 3. Bridges in rest of India Limit State Philosophy.
Design life in Yrs 50 80 100
Refer Clauses 15.2.1 & 15.2.1.1, page V-49 of IRS Concrete Bridge code In general, the design of reinforced concrete members is governed by the ultimate limit state, but the limitations on crack width and, where applicable, stresses at the serviceability limit state given shall also be met. Where a plastic method or redistribution of moments is used for the analysis of the structure at the ultimate limit state, or where critical parts of the structure are subjected to the severe category of exposure, the design is likely to be controlled by the serviceability limit state of cracking.
Drainage of the deck.

Refer Clauses 15.2.2.1, page V-49 of IRS Concrete Bridge code For bridges level in longitudinal profile, minimum cross slopes in the deck shall be kept at 2.5%.
Redistribution of Moments.
Refer Clauses 15.3.2, page V-49 of IRS Concrete Bridge code Redistribution of moments obtained by rigorous elastic analysis under the limit state may be carried out provided the following condition is met;
Checks are made to ensure that adequate rotation capacity exists at sections where moments are reduced, making reference to appropriate test data.
Effective Span.
Refer Clauses 15.4.1.1, page V-50 of IRS Concrete Bridge code
1. The effective span of a simply supported member shall be taken as the smaller
of;
a)
supports; or
the distance between the centers of bearings or other the clear distance between supports plus the effective depth.
b)
Refer Clauses 15.4.1.1.1, page V-50 of IRS Concrete Bridge code
2. The effective span of a member framing into supporting members shall be taken
as the distance between the shear centers of the supporting member. Refer Clauses 15.4.1.1.2, page V-50 of IRS Concrete Bridge code
3. The effective span of a continuous member shall be taken as the distance

between centers of supports except where, in the case of beams on wide columns, the effect of column width is included in the analysis. Refer Clauses 15.4.1.1.3, page V-50 of IRS Concrete Bridge code
4. The effective length of a cantilever shall be taken as its length from the face of
the support plus half its effective depth except where it is an extension of a continuous beam when the length to the centre of the support shall be used.
Points of Zero Moment.
Refer Clauses 15.4.1.2.2, page V-50 of IRS Concrete Bridge code For a continuous beam the points of zero moment may be taken to be at a distance of 0.15 times the effective span from the support.
Slenderness Limits for Beams.
Refer Clauses 15.4.1.3, page V-50 & V-51 of IRS Concrete Bridge code
1. To ensure lateral stability, a simply supported or continuous beam shall be so

proportioned that the clear distance between lateral restraints does not exceed 60bc or 250bc2/d, whichever is the lesser,
2. For cantilevers with lateral restraint provided only at the support, the clear
distance from the end of the cantilever to the face of the support shall not exceed 25bc or 100bc2/d whichever is lesser. Where, d is the effective depth to tension reinforcement; and bc is the breadth of the compression face of the beam midway between restraints.

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IRS Concrete Bridge code Design criterias

Temperature Gradient : 11.1.1, page V-40 of IRS Concrete Bridge code

Combination 5: DL+SIDL+derailment loads

Loads to be taken in each combination with appropriate Yfl

Values of Y for the serviceability stress limitations.

Values of Y for the Ultimate limit state stress limitations.

Design life in Yrs 50 80 100

Drainage of the deck.

Refer Clauses 15.4.1.1.1, page V-50 of IRS Concrete Bridge code

3. The effective span of a continuous member shall be taken as the distance

Points of Zero Moment.

Slenderness Limits for Beams.

1. To ensure lateral stability, a simply supported or continuous beam shall be so

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