accesslist_sim

Question:

An administrator is trying to ping and telnet from Switch to Router with the results shown below:

Switch>

Switch> ping 10.4.4.3

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.4.4.3,timeout is 2 seconds:

.U.U.U.

Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)

Switch>

Switch> telnet 10.4.4.3

Trying 10.4.4.3 ...

% Destination unreachable; gateway or host down

Switch>

Click the console connected to Router and issue the appropriate commands to answer the questions.
Answer and Explanation:

For this question we only need to use the show running-config command to answer all the questions below

Router>enable
Router#show running-config
accesslist_sim_showrun1
accesslist_sim_showrun2
accesslist_sim_showrun3

Question 1:

Which will fix the issue and allow ONLY ping to work while keeping telnet disabled?

A - Correctly assign an IP address to interface fa0/1

B - Change the ip access-group command on fa0/0 from "in" to "out"

C - Remove access-group 106 in from interface fa0/0 and add access-group 115 in.

D - Remove access-group 102 out from interface s0/0/0 and add access-group 114 in

E - Remove access-group 106 in from interface fa0/0 and add access-group 104 in

Answer: E

Explanation:

Let's have a look at the access list 104:

accesslist_sim_answer1

The question does not ask about ftp traffic so we don't care about the two first lines. The 3rd line denies all
telnet traffic and the 4th line allows icmp traffic to be sent (ping). Remember that the access list 104 is
applied on the inbound direction so the 5th line "access-list 104 deny icmp any any echo-reply" will not
affect our icmp traffic because the "echo-reply" message will be sent over the outbound direction.

Question 2:

What would be the effect of issuing the command ip access-group 114 in to the fa0/0 interface?

A - Attempts to telnet to the router would fail

B - It would allow all traffic from the 10.4.4.0 network

C - IP traffic would be passed through the interface but TCP and UDP traffic would not

D - Routing protocol updates for the 10.4.4.0 network would not be accepted from the fa0/0 interface

Answer: B

Explanation:

From the output of access-list 114: access-list 114 permit ip 10.4.4.0 0.0.0.255 any we can easily understand
that this access list allows all traffic (ip) from 10.4.4.0/24 network

Question 3:

What would be the effect of issuing the command access-group 115 in on the s0/0/1 interface?

A - No host could connect to Router through s0/0/1

B - Telnet and ping would work but routing updates would fail.

C - FTP, FTP-DATA, echo, and www would work but telnet would fail

D - Only traffic from the 10.4.4.0 network would pass through the interface

Answer: A

Explanation:

First let's see what was configured on interface S0/0/1:

accesslist_sim_answer3

Recall that each interface only accepts one access-list, so when using the command “ip access-group 115 in”
on the s0/0/1 interface it will overwrite the initial access-list 102. Therefore any telnet connection will be
accepted (so we can eliminate answer C).

B is not correct because if telnet and ping can work then routing updates can, too.

D is not correct because access-list 115 does not mention about 10.4.4.0 network. So the most reasonable
answer is A.

But here raise a question…

The wildcard mask of access-list 115, which is 255.255.255.0, means that only host with ip addresses in the
form of x.x.x.0 will be accepted. But we all know that x.x.x.0 is likely to be a network address so the answer
A: “no host could connect to Router through s0/0/1” seems right…

But what will happen if we don’t use a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0? For example we can use an ip
address of 10.45.45.0 255.255.0.0, such a host with that ip address exists and we can connect to the router
through that host. Now answer A seems incorrect!
DHCP Group of Four Questions
Updated from real CCNA exam on 09-Jan-2009)

Refer to the exhibit. Using the information shown, answer the question

Question 1:

All hosts in the networks have been operational for several hours when the DHCP server goes down. What
happens to the hosts that have obtained service from the DHCP server?

A - The hosts will not be able to communicate with any other hosts.
B - The hosts will continue to communicate normally for a period of time.
C - The hosts will be able to communicate with hosts outsides their own network
D - The hosts will only be able to communicate with other hosts by IP address not by hostname

Answer: B

Explanation:

DHCP often uses dynamic allocation mechanism to save IP addresses, which assigns an IP address to a
client for a limited period of time. So when the DHCP server goes down, that client can still use the
allocated IP address for a period of time

Question 2:

What is the purpose of the DHCP server?

A - to provide storage for email

B - to translate URLs to IP addresses
C - to translate IPv4 addresses to MAC addresses
D - to provide an IP configuration information to hosts

Answer: D

Explanation:

The main purpose of the DHCP server is to provide IP configuration parameters to hosts such as the default
gateway, domain name, Domain Name System (DNS) server...

Question 3:

How is the message sent from a PC2 when is first powers on and attempts to contact the DHCP Server?

A - Layer 3 unicast
B - Layer 3 broadcast
C - Layer 3 multicast
D - Without any Layer 3 encapsulation

Answer: B

Explanation:

When a client boots up for the first time, it transmits a DHCPDISCOVER message on its local physical
subnet. Because the client has no way of knowing the subnet to which it belongs, the DHCPDISCOVER is
an all-subnets broadcast (destination IP address of 255.255.255.255, which is a layer 3 broadcast address).
The client does not have a configured IP address, so the source IP address of 0.0.0.0 is used.

Question 4: What is the default behavior of R1 when PC1 requests service from DHCP server?

A - Drop the request

B - Broadcast the request to P4S2 and P4S3
C - Forward the request to P4S2
D - Broadcast the request to P452, P4S3 and ISP

Answer: A

Explanation:

When PC1 requests service from DHCP server (for example, it requests an IP address), it sends a broadcast
packet. But R1 router, by default, will not forward broadcast packet and drop it.

For your information, if you want to use the DHCP server from another network (like in this case) you can
use the ip helper-address command which will make the router forward UDP broadcasts.
CCNA Implementation SIM
Monday, 20 October 2008 11:16 administrator

(Updated from real CCNA exam on 12-20-2008)

This topology contains 3 routers and 1 switch. Complete the topology.

Drag the appropriate device icons to the labeled Device

Drag the appropriate connections to the locations labeled Connections.
Drag the appropriate IP addresses to the locations labeled IP address

(Hint: use the given host addresses and Main router information)
To remove a device or connection, drag it away from the topology.

Use information gathered from the Main router to complete the configuration of any additional
routers. No passwords are required to access the Main router. The config terminal command has been
disabled for the HQ router. The router does not require any configuration.

Configure each additional router with the following:

Configure the interfaces with the correct IP address and enable the interfaces.
Set the password to allow console access to consolepw
Set the password to allow telnet access to telnetpw
Set the password to allow privilege mode access to privpw

Note: Because routes are not being added to the configurations, you will not be able to ping through
the internetwork.
All devices have cable autosensing capabilities disabled.
All hosts are PC’s
Answer and explanation:

Specify appropriate devices and drag them on the "Device" boxes

For the device at the bottom-right box, we notice that it has 2 interfaces Fa0/2 and Fa0/4 -> it is a switch

The question stated that this topology contains 3 routers and 1 switch -> two other devices are routers

Place them on appropriate locations as following:

 (Host D and host E will be automatically added after placing two routers. Click on them to access
neighboring routers)

Specify appropriate connections between these devices:

+ The router on the left is connected with the Main router through FastEthernet interfaces: use a crossover
cable
+ The router on the right is connected with the Main router through Serial interfaces: use a serial cable
+ The router on the right and the Switch: use a straight-through cable
+ The router on the left and the computer: use a crossover cable

Assign appropriate IP addresses for interfaces:

From Main router, use show running-config command:

(Notice that you may see different IP addresses in the real CCNA exam, the ones shown above are just used
for demonstration)

From the output we learned that the ip address of Fa0/0 interface of the Main router is 192.168.152.178/28.
This address belongs to a subnetwork which has:

Increment: 16 (/28 = 255.255.255.240 or 1111 1111.1111 1111.1111 1111.1111 0000)

Network address: 192.168.152.176 (because 176 = 16 * 11 and 176 < 178)
Broadcast address: 192.168.152.191 (because 191 = 176 + 16 - 1)

And we can pick up an ip address from the list that belongs to this subnetwork: 192.168.152.190 and assign
it to the Fa0/0 interface the router on the left

Use the same method for interface Serial0/0 with an ip address of 192.168.152.172

Increment: 16
Network address: 192.168.152.160 (because 160 = 16 * 10 and 160 < 172)
Broadcast address: 192.168.152.175 (because 176 = 160 + 16 - 1)

-> and we choose 192.168.152.174 for Serial0/0 interface of the router on the right

Interface Fa0/1 of the router on the left

IP (of the computer on the left) : 192.168.152.129/28

Increment: 16
Network address: 192.168.152.128 (because 128 = 16 * 8 and 128 < 129)
Broadcast address: 192.168.152.143 (because 143 = 128 + 16 - 1)

-> we choose 192.168.152.142 from the list

Interface Fa0/0 of the router on the right

IP (of the computer on the left) : 192.168.152.225/28

Increment: 16
Network address: 192.168.152.224 (because 224 = 16 * 14 and 224 < 225)
Broadcast address: 192.168.152.239 (because 239 = 224 + 16 - 1)

-> we choose 192.168.152.238 from the list

Let's have a look at the picture below to summarize

Configure two routers on the left and right with these commands:

Router1 = router on the left

Assign appropriate IP addresses to Fa0/0 & Fa0/1 interfaces:

Router1>enable
Router1#configure terminal
Router1(config)#interface fa0/0
Router1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.152.190 255.255.255.240
Router1(config-if)#no shutdown

Router1(config-if)#interface fa0/1
Router1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.152.142 255.255.255.240
Router1(config-if)#no shutdown

Set passwords (configure on two routers)

+ Console password:

Router1(config-if)#exit
Router1(config)#line console 0
Router1(config-line)#password consolepw
Router1(config-line)#login
Router1(config-line)#exit
+ Telnet password:

Router1(config)#line vty 0 4
Router1(config-line)#password telnetpw
Router1(config-line)#login
Router1(config-line)#exit

+ Privilege mode password:

Router1(config)#enable password privpw

Save the configuration:

Router1(config)#exit
Router1#copy running-config startup-config

Configure IP addresses of Router2 (router on the right)

Router2>enable
Router2#configure terminal
Router2(config)#interface fa0/0
Router2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.152.238 255.255.255.240
Router2(config-if)#no shutdown

Router2(config-if)#interface serial0/0
Router2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.152.174 255.255.255.240
Router2(config-if)#no shutdown

and set console, telnet and privilege mode passwords for Router2 as we did for Router1, remember to save
the configuration when you finished

CCNA Drag and Drop SIM Question

Saturday, 20 September 2008 12:39 administrator

(Updated from latest CCNA exam on 09-20-2008)

Question:

You have been hired by Specialty Hardware Incorporated to document the layout of the network. Complete
the following tasks:? Complete the network topology shown in the graphic by dragging the labels below
with the appropriate router types, interface types, and IP addresses to the graphic . Find the information you
need by using the router console attached to the R-CENTER router.
Answer and explanation:

This is the simplest lab question in four labs you see in the real CCNA exam. First we should identify the
types of these routers by using the show cdp neighbors command:

There are 3 columns we should pay more attention to:

+ Local Interface: the interface on the device you are using "show cdp neighbors" command. In this case it
is the interface of R-CENTER router

+ Platform: the platform of neighbor device

+ Port ID: the neighbor device's port or interface on which the CDP packets are multicast
From the exhibit, the "Local Interface", "Platform" and "Port ID" columns, we can identify where these four
routers should be placed and their corresponding associated ports

Finally, use the show running-config command to find out the ip addresses of four interfaces on R-CENTER

And we can easily assign corresponding ip addresses to four neighbor routers, which are on the same
network with R-CENTER router's interfaces
Please remember in the real CCNA Exam the routers' types, ip addresses and interfaces may be different! So
make sure you understand how it works.

CCNA EIGRP LAB Question

(Updated from latest CCNA Exam on 09-16-2008)

Question:

After adding R3 router, no routing updates are being exchanged between R3 and the new location. All other
inter connectivity and Internet access for the existing locations of the company are working properly.
The task is to identify the fault(s) and correct the router configuration to provide full connectivity between
the routers.

Access to the router CLI can be gained by clicking on the appropriate host. All passwords on all routers are
cisco.

IP addresses are listed in the chart below.

 R1 R2

Fa0/0: 192.168.77.33 Fa0/0: 192.168.60.97

S1/0: 198.0.18.6 Fa0/1: 192.168.60.113
S0/1: 192.168.60.25 S0/0: 192.168.36.14
R3 R4

Fa0/0: 192.168.77.34 Fa0/0: 192.168.60.129

Fa0/1: 192.168.60.65 Fa0/1: 192.168.60.145
Fa1/0: 192.168.60.81 S0/1: 192.168.60.26

Answer and explanation:

We should check the configuration of the new added router first because it does not function properly while
others work well. From the command line interface of R3 router, enter the show running-config command
From the output above, we know that this router was wrongly configured with an autonomous number (AS)
of 22. When the AS numbers among routers are mismatched, no adjacency is formed.
(You should check the AS numbers on other routers for sure)

To solve this problem, we simply re-configure router R3 with the following commands:

R3>enable (you have to enter cisco as its password here)

R3#configure terminal
R3(config)#no router eigrp 22
R3(config)#router eigrp 212
R3(config-router)#network 192.168.60.0
R3(config-router)#network 192.168.77.0
R3(config-router)#no auto-summary
R3(config-router)#end
R3#copy running-config startup-config

Check R1 router with the show running-config command:

Notice that it is missing a definition to the network R3. Therefore we have to add it so that it can recognize
R3 router

R1>enable (you have to enter cisco as its password here)

R1#configure terminal
R1(config)#router eigrp 212
R1(config-router)#network 192.168.77.0
R1(config-router)#end
R1#copy running-config startup-config

Now the whole network will work well. You should check again with ping command from router R3 to
other routers!

CCNA VTP SIM Question

Wednesday, 10 September 2008 01:28 administrator
(Updated from real CCNA exam on 12-25-2008)

Question:

This task requires you to use the CLI of Sw-AC3 to answer five multiple-choice questions. This does not
require any configuration.
To answer the multiple-choice questions, click on the numbered boxes in the right panel.
There are five multiple-choice questions with this task. Be sure to answer all five questions before leaving
this item.

Notice: All the images in this VTP LAB are used for demonstration only, you will see slightly
different images in the real CCNA exam

Question 1:

What interface did Sw-AC3 associate with source MAC address 0010.5a0c.ffba ?
a) Fa0/1
b) Fa0/3
c) Fa0/6
d) Fa0/8
e) Fa0/9
f) Fa0/12

Answer: Fa 0/8

Explanation: to find out which interface associated with a given MAC address, use the show mac-address-
table command. It shows the learned MAC addresses and their associated interfaces. After entering this
command, you will see a MAC address table like this:

From this table we can figure out that the MAC address 0010.5a0c.ffba is associated with interface Fa0/8

Question 2:

What ports on Sw-AC3 are operating has trunks (choose three)?

a) Fa0/1
b) Fa0/3
c) Fa0/4
d) Fa0/6
e) Fa0/9
f) Fa0/12

Answer: Fa0/3, Fa0/9 and Fa0/12

Explanation: Use the show interface trunk command to determine the trunking status of a link and VLAN
status. This command lists port, its mode, encapsulation and whether it is trunking. The image below shows
how it works:
 (This image is used for demonstration only)

Question 3:

What kind of router is VLAN-R1?

a) 1720
b) 1841
c) 2611
d) 2620

Answer: 2620

Explanation: VLAN-R1 is the router directly connected to Sw-Ac3 switch, so we can use the show cdp
neighbors command to see:

1. Neighbor Device ID : The name of the neighbor device;

2. Local Interface : The interface to which this neighbor is heard
3. Capability: Capability of this neighboring device - R for router, S for switch, H for Host etc.
4. Platform: Which type of device the neighbor is
5. Port ID: The interface of the remote neighbor you receive CDP information
6. Holdtime: Decremental hold time in seconds

Sample output of show cdp neighbors command:

One thing I want to notice you is "Local Intrfce" in the image above refers to the local interface on the
device you are running the "show cdp neighbors" command

Question 4: Which switch is the root bridge for VLAN 1?

Answer: Sw-DS1
Explanation: First we use the show spanning-tree vlan 1 to view the spanning-tree information of VLAN 1

From the "Cost 19", we learn that the root switch is directly connected to the Sw-Ac3 switch over a
100Mbps Ethernet link

Notice that if you see all of the interface roles are Desg (designated) then you can confirm Sw-Ac3 switch is
the root bridge for this VLAN (VLAN 1).

If you see there is at least one Root port in the interface roles then you can confirm Sw-Ac3 is not the root
bridge because root bridge does not have root port. In this case, we notice that the root port on Sw-Ac3
switch is FastEthernet0/12, so we have to figure out which switch is associated with this port -> it is the root
bridge. You can verify it with the show cdp neighbors command:

The "Local Intrfce" column refers to the interface on the switch running "show cdp neighbors" command. In
this case, Sw-DS1 is associated with interface FastEthernet0/12 -> Sw-DS1 is the root bridge

Question 5: What address should be configured as the default-gateway for the host connected to interface fa
0/4 of SW-Ac3?

Answer: 192.168.44.254

Explanation:

First we have to identify which VLAN interface Fa0/4 belongs to by the show vlan command
From the exhibit we know that VLAN 44 is configured on router using sub-interface Fa0/0.44 with IP
address 192.168.44.254/24

Therefore the default gateway of the host should be 192.168.44.254

Question 6: From which switch did Sw-Ac3 receive VLAN information ?

Answer: Sw-AC2

Explanation: to view the VTP configuration information, use the show vtp status command

So we knew Sw-Ac3 received VLAN information from 163.5.8.3 (notice:the IP address may be different).
Finally we use the show cdp neighbors detail to find out who 163.5.8.3 is:
Question 7: Refer to the exibit, SwX was taken out of the production network for maintenance. It will be
reconnected to the Fa 0/16 port of Sw-Ac3. What happens to the network when it is reconnected and a trunk
exists between the two switches?

A - All VLANs except the default VLAN win be removed from all switches
B - All existing switches will have the students, admin, faculty, Servers, Management, Production, and no-
where VLANs
C - The VLANs Servers, Management, Production and no-where will replace the VLANs on SwX
D - The VLANs Servers, Management, Production and no-where will be removed from existing switches

Answer and Explanation:

First we should view the VTP configuration of switch Sw-Ac3 by using the show vtp status command on
Sw-Ac3
Notice that its configuration revision number is 5 and VTP Domain Name is home-office

Next, from the exhibit we know that SwX has a revision number of 6, which is greater than that of Sw-Ac3
switch, and both of them have same VTP Domain Name called "home-office".

Therefore SwX will replace vlan information on other switches with its own information. We should check
vlan information of Sw-Ac3 switch with show vlan command

So the correct answer is D - The VLANs Servers, Management, Production and no-where will be
removed from existing switches

Please remember that in the real CCNA exam you may see a different configuration revision of Sw-Ac3 or
of SwX. In general, which switch has a higher revision number it will become the updater and other
switches will overwrite their current databases with the new information received from the updater
(provided that they are on the same domain and that switch is not in transparent mode)

Question 8:

Out of which ports will a frame be forwarded that has source mac-address 0010.5a0c.fd86 and destination
mac-address 000a.8a47.e612? (Choose three)

A - Fa0/8
B - Fa0/3
C - Fa0/1
D - Fa0/12
Answer: B C D

Explanation:

First we check to see which ports the source mac-address and the destination mac-address belong to by
using show mac-address-table command

We notice that the source mac-address 0010.5a0c.fd86 is listed in the table and it belongs to Vlan 33 but we
can't find the destination mac-address 000a.8a47.e612 in this table. In this case, the switch will flood to all
ports of Vlan 33 and flood to all the trunk links, except the port it received this frame (port Fa0/6).
Therefore from the output above, we can figure out it will flood this frame to Fa0/1, Fa0/3 and Fa0/12.

Please notice that the "show mac-address-table" command just lists information that was learned by the
switch, it means that there can be other ports besides Fa0/1, Fa0/3 and Fa0/12 belong to Vlan 33. You can
use the show vlan command to see which ports belong to vlan 33

And we found other ports which belong to vlan 33, they are Fa0/2, Fa0/5 and Fa0/7. Our switch will flood
the frame to these ports, too.

And we can check which trunk ports will receive this frame by the show interface trunk command
-> Port Fa0/9 will also receive this frame!

Question 9:

If one of the host connected to Sw-AC3 wants to send something for the ip 190.0.2.5 (or any ip that is not
on the same subnet) what will be the destination MAC address

Answer and Explanation:

Because the destination address is not on the same subnet with the switch, it will forward the packet to its
default gateway. So we have to find out who is the default gateway of this switch by using the show
running-config command

From the output, we notice that its default-gateway is 192.168.1.254. In fact, we can easily guess that its
default gateway should be a layer 3 device like a router; and in this case, the VLAN-R1 router. To verify our
theory, use the show cdp neighbor detail command and focus on the description of VLAN-R1 router
From this output, we can confirm the switch's default gateway is VLAN-R1 router (with the IP address of
192.168.1.254). And "the interface: FastEthernet0/3" tells us that the switch is connected to VLAN-R1
router through Fa0/3 port (Fa0/3 is the port on the switch).

Finally we just need to use the show mac-address-table command to find out which MAC address is
associated with this interface

(Notice that in the real CCNA exam the MAC address or port may be different)

And we find out the corresponding MAC address is 000a.b7e9.8360. Although there are some entries of
port Fa0/3 with different Vlan but they have the same MAC address

CCNA Configuration SIM Question

Friday, 29 August 2008 15:45 administrator

(Updated from latest CCNA exam on 08-29-2008)

Question:

To configure the router (R2-RC) click on the console host icon that is connected to a router by a serial
console cable (shown in the diagram as a dashed black line)
Central Florida Widgets recently installed a new router in their office. Complete the network installation by
performing the initial router configurations and configuring RIPV2 routing using the router command line
interface (CLI) on the R2-RC.

Name of the router is R2-RC

Enable-secret password is cisco1
The password to access user EXEC mode using the console is cisco2
The password to allow telnet access to the router is cisco3
IPV4 addresses must be configured as follows:
Ethernet network 209.165.202.128/27 - router has last assignable host address in subnet
Serial network is 192.0.2.16/28 - router has last assignable host address in the subnet. Interfaces should be
enabled.
Router protocol is RIP V2

Attention :
In practical examinations, please note the following, the actual information will prevail.
1. Name of the router is xxx
2. Enable-secret password is xxx
3. Password to access user EXEC mode using the console is xxx
4. The password to allow telnet access to the router is xxx
5. IP information

Solution:

1) Name the router:

Router>enable
Router#configurate terminal
Router(config)#hostname R2-RC

2) Set secret password:

R2-RC(config)# enable secret cisco1

3) Set password for the console:

R2-RC(config)#line console 0
R2-RC(config-line)#password cisco2
R2-RC(config-line)#login
R2-RC(config-line)#exit

4) Set the Telnet password:

R2-RC(config)#line vty 0 4
R2-RC(config-line)#password cisco3
R2-RC(config-line)#login
R2-RC(config-line)#exit

5) Assign IP address for Ethernet interface (Fa0/0):

The Ethernet network 209.165.202.128/27 has:

Increment:32 (/27 = 255.255.255.224 or 1111 1111.1111 1111.1111 1111.1110 0000)

Network address: 209.165.202.128
Broadcast address: 209.165.202.159 (because 128 + 32 - 1 = 159)

Therefore the last assignable host address in this subnet is 209.165.202.158 and we will assign it to Fa0/0
interface with these commands:

R2-RC(config)# interface fa0/0

R2-RC(config-if)#ip address 209.165.202.158 255.255.255.224
R2-RC(config-if)#no shutdown
R2-RC(config-if)#exit

6) Assign IP address for Serial interface (S0/0/0):

Serial network 192.0.2.16/28 has:

Increment:16 (/28 = 255.255.255.240 or 1111 1111.1111 1111.1111 1111.1111 0000)

Network address: 192.0.2.16
Broadcast address: 192.0.2.31 (because 16 + 16 - 1 = 31)

So the last assignable host address in this subnet is 192.0.2.30. Finally we assign it to s0/0/0 interface:

R2-RC(config)# interface s0/0/0

R2-RC(config-if)#ip address 192.0.2.30 255.255.255.240
R2-RC(config-if)#no shutdown
R2-RC(config-if)#exit

7) Configure RIP v2 routing protocol:

R2-RC(config)#router rip
R2-RC(config-router)#version 2
R2-RC(config-router)#network 209.165.202.128
R2-RC(config-router)#network 192.0.2.16
R2-RC(config-router)#end
R2-RC#copy running-config startup-config
CCNA NAT SIM Question 1
Monday, 11 August 2008 01:14 administrator

Here you will find answers to SIMULATION Questions

Question:

A network associate is configuring a router for the weaver company to provide internet access. The ISP has
provided the company six public IP addresses of 198.18.184.105 198.18.184.110. The company has 14
hosts that need to access the internet simultaneously. The hosts in the company LAN have been assigned
private space addresses in the range of 192.168.100.17 – 192.168.100.30.

The following have already been configured on the router：

- The basic router configuration

- The appropriate interfaces have been configured for NAT inside and NAT outside

- The appropriate static routes have also been configured (since the company will be a stub network, no routing protocol will be required.)

- All passwords have been temporarily set to "cisco"

Solution:
The company has 14 hosts that need to access the internet simultaneously but we just have 6 public IP
addresses from 198.18.184.105 to 198.18.184.110/29. Therefore we have to use NAT overload (or PAT)

Double click on the Weaver router to open it

Router>enable
Router#configure terminal

First you should change the router's name to Weaver

Router(config)#hostname Weaver

Create a NAT pool of global addresses to be allocated with their netmask.

Weaver(config)#ip nat pool mypool 198.18.184.105 198.18.184.110 netmask 255.255.255.248

Create a standard access control list that permits the addresses that are to be translated

Weaver(config)#access-list 1 permit 192.168.100.16 0.0.0.15

Establish dynamic source translation, specifying the access list that was defined in the prior step

Weaver(config)#ip nat inside source list 1 pool mypool overload

This command translates all source addresses that pass access list 1, which means a source address from
192.168.100.17 to 192.168.100.30, into an address from the pool named mypool (the pool contains
addresses from 198.18.184.105 to 198.18.184.110)

Overload keyword allows to map multiple IP addresses to a single registered IP address (many-to-one) by
using different ports

The question said that appropriate interfaces have been configured for NAT inside and NAT outside
statements.

This is how to configure the NAT inside and NAT outside, just for your understanding:

Weaver(config)#interface fa0/0
Weaver(config-if)#ip nat inside

Weaver(config-if)#exit

Weaver(config)#interface s0/0
Weaver(config-if)#ip nat outside
Weaver(config-if)#end

Finally, we should save all your work with the following command:

Weaver#copy running-config startup-config

Check your configuration by going to "Host for testing" and type:

C:\>ping 192.0.2.114

The ping should work well and you will be replied from 192.0.2.114

CCNA NAT SIM Question 2

Tuesday, 26 August 2008 03:46 administrator

Updated from latest CCNA exam (updated 08-26-2008)

Question:

You work as a network technician at 9tut.com. Study the exhibit carefully. You are required to perform configurations to enable Internet access.
The Router ISP has given you six public IP addresses in the 198.18.32.65 198.18.32.70/29 range.
9tut.com has 62 clients that needs to have simultaneous internet access. These local hosts use private IP addresses in the 192.168.6.65 -
192.168.6.126/26 range.
You need to configure Router1 using the PC1 console.
You have already made basic router configuration. You have also configured the appropriate NAT interfaces; NAT inside and NAT outside
respectively.
Now you are required to finish the configuration of Router1.

Solution:

The company has 62 hosts that need to access the internet simultaneously but we just have 6 public IP
addresses from 198.18.32.65 to 198.18.32.70/29 => we have to use NAT overload (or PAT)

Double click on PC1 to access Router1's command line interface

Router1>enable
Router1#configure terminal

Create a NAT pool of global addresses to be allocated with their netmask (notice that /29 = 248)

Router1(config)#ip nat pool mypool 198.18.32.65 198.18.32.70 netmask 255.255.255.248

Create a standard access control list that permits the addresses that are to be translated

Router1(config)#access-list 1 permit 192.168.6.64 0.0.0.63

Establish dynamic source translation, specifying the access list that was defined in the prior step
Router1(config)#ip nat inside source list 1 pool mypool overload

This command translates all source addresses that pass access list 1, which means a source address from
192.168.6.65 to 192.168.6.126, into an address from the pool named mypool (the pool contains addresses
from 198.18.32.65 to 198.18.32.70)

Overload keyword allows to map multiple IP addresses to a single registered IP address (many-to-one) by
using different ports

The question said that appropriate interfaces have been configured for NAT inside and NAT outside
statements.

This is how to configure the NAT inside and NAT outside, just for your understanding:

Router1(config)#interface fa0/0
Router1(config-if)#ip nat inside

Router1(config-if)#exit

Router1(config)#interface s0/0
Router1(config-if)#ip nat outside

Before leaving Router1, you should save the configuration:

Router1(config)#end (or Router1(config-if)#end)

Router1#copy running-config startup-config

Check your configuration by going to PC2 and type:

C:\>ping 192.0.2.114

The ping should work well and you will be replied from 192.0.2.114
CCNA WAN Questions
Saturday, 09 August 2008 07:47 administrator

Here you will find answers to WAN Questions

Question 1:

The command frame-relay map ip 10.121.16.8 102 broadcast was entered on the router. Which of the
following statements is true concerning this command?

A: This command should be executed from the global configuration mode.

B: The IP address 10.121.16.8 is the local router port used to forward data.

C: 102 is the remote DLCI that will receive the information.

D: This command is required for all Frame Relay configurations.

E: The broadcast option allows packets, such as RIP updates, to be forwarded across the PVC.

Correct Answers: E

Explanation:

The command frame-relay map ip 10.121.16.8 102 broadcast means to mapping the distal IP 10.121.16.8
102 to the local DLCI 102. When the "broadcast" keyword is included, it turns Frame Relay network as a
broadcast network, which can forward broadcasts

Question 2:

Refer to the exhibit. Which statement describes DLCI 17?

A: DLCI 17 describes the ISDN circuit between R2 and R3.

B: DLCI 17 describes a PVC on R2. It cannot be used on R3 or R1.

C: DLCI 17 is the Layer 2 address used by R2 to describe a PVC to R3.

D: DLCI 17 describes the dial-up circuit from R2 and R3 to the service provider.

Correct Answers: C

Explanation:

DLCI stands for Data Link Connection Identifier. DLCI values are used on Frame Relay interfaces to
distinguish between different virtual circuits. DLCIs have local significance because the identifier
references the point between the local router and the local Frame Relay switch to which the DLCI is
connected.

Question 3:

A default Frame Relay WAN is classified as what type of physical network?

A: point-to-point

B: broadcast multi-access

C: nonbroadcast multi-access

D: nonbroadcast multipoint

E: broadcast point-to-multipoint

Correct Answer: C

Explanation:

Non-Broadcast Multi-Access (NBMA) networks are types such as Frame Relay, X.25, and Asynchronous
Transfer Mode (ATM). These networks allow for multi-access, but have no broadcast ability like Ethernet

Question 4:

Which of the following are key characteristics of PPP? (Choose three.)

A: can be used over analog circuits

B: maps Layer 2 to Layer 3 address

C: encapsulates several routed protocols

D: supports IP only

E: provides error correction

Correct Answers: A C E

Explanation:

No more explanation needed, below is some more information about PPP:

PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) allows authentication such as Password Authentication Protocol (PAP) and
Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) and multilink connections (allow several separate
physical paths to appear to be one logical path at layer 3) and can be run over asynchronous and
synchronous links.

Question 5:

Which three Layer 2 encapsulation types would be used on a WAN rather than a LAN? (Choose three)

A: HDLC

B: Ethernet

C: Token Ring

D: PPP

E: FDDI

F: Frame Relay

Correct Answer: A D F

Question 6:

Refer to the exhibit. What is the meaning of the term dynamic as displayed in the output of the show frame-
relay map command shown?

A: The Serial0/0 interface is passing traffic.

B: The DLCI 100 was dynamically allocated by the router

C: The Serial0/0 interface acquired the IP address of 172.16.3.1 from a DHCP server

D: The DLCI 100 will be dynamically changed as required to adapt to changes in the Frame Relay cloud

E: The mapping between DLCI 100 and the end station IP address 172.16.3.1 was learned through Inverse
ARP
Correct Answer: E

Explanation:

The term dynamic indicates that the DLCI number and the remote router IP address 172.16.3.1 are learned
via the Inverse ARP process.

Inverse ARP is a technique by which dynamic mappings are constructed in a network, allowing a device
such as a router to locate the logical network address and associate it with a permanent virtual circuit (PVC).

Question 7:

Which of the following describes the roles of devices in a WAN? (Choose three.)

A: A CSU/DSU terminates a digital local loop

B: A modem terminates a digital local loop

C: A CSU/DSU terminates an analog local loop

D: A modem terminates an analog local loop

E: A router is commonly considered a DTE device

F: A router is commonly considered a DCE device

Correct Answers: A D E

Explanation:

The idea behind a WAN is to be able to connect two DTE networks together through a DCE network. The
network’s DCE device (includes CSU/DSU) provides clocking to the DTE-connected interface (the router’s
serial interface).

Question 8:

How should a router that is being used in a Frame Relay network be configured to avoid split horizon issues
from preventing routing updates?
A: Configure a separate sub-interface for each PVC with a unique DLCI and subnet assigned to the sub-
interface

B: Configure each Frame Relay circuit as a point-to-point line to support multicast and broadcast traffic

C: Configure many sub-interfaces on the same subnet

D: Configure a single sub-interface to establish multiple PVC connections to multiple remote router
interfaces

Correct Answer: A

Explanation:

Look at the figure below:

In the figure, router R1 has two point-to-point subinterfaces. The s0.1 subinterface connects to router R3
and the s0.2 subinterface connects to router R2. Each subinterface is on a different subnet.

Question 9:

What can a network administrator utilize by using PPP Layer 2 encapsulation? (Choose three.)

A: VLAN support

B: compression

C: authentication

D: sliding windows

E: multilink support

F: quality of service

Correct Answers: B C E
Explanation:

Same as question 4

Question 10:

The Frame Relay network in the diagram is not functioning properly. What is the cause of the problem?

A: The Gallant router has the wrong LMI type configured

B: Inverse ARP is providing the wrong PVC information to the Gallant router

C: The S3 interface of the Steele router has been configured with the frame-relay encapsulation ietf
command

D: The frame-relay map statement in the Attalla router for the PVC to Steele is not correct

E: The IP address on the serial interface of the Attalla router is configured incorrectly

Correct Answer: D

Explanation:

At Attalla router, we find a deleted status but the next map statement indicates an active status, which if for
Gallant. Therefore we can deduce the map statement for the PVC from Attalla to Steele is incorrect.
Incorrect DLCI assignments that are configured normally shown up as "deleted" in the frame relay maps.
Troubleshoot:

CCNA Troubleshooting Questions 1

Saturday, 09 August 2008 07:48 administrator

Here you will find answers to Trouble Shooting Questions (Part 1)

Question 1:

Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator is in a campus building distant from Building B.
WANRouter is hosting a newly installed WAN link on interface S0/0. The new link is not functioning and
the administrator needs to determine if the correct cable has been attached to the S0/0 interface. How can
the administrator accurately verify the correct cable type on S0/0 in the most efficient manner?

A. Telnet to WANRouter and execute the command show interfaces S0/0

B. Telnet to WANRouter and execute the command show processes S0/0
C. Telnet to WANRouter and execute the command show running-configuration
D. Telnet to WANRouter and execute the command show controller S0/0
E. Physically examine the cable between WANRouter S0/0 and the DCE.
F. Establish a console session on WANRouter and execute the command show interfaces S0/0

Answer: D

Explanation:

The show controller command displays the information about the physical interface itself and the type of
serial cable plugged into a serial port. In this case, it should be a DTE cable that plugs into a type of data
service unit (DSU).

For your understanding, below is the output of this command:

From the output, we notice that serial 0/0 has a DTE cable and would get its clocking from the DSU.

Question 2:

Two routers named Atlanta and Brevard are connected by their serial interfaces as shown in the exhibit, but
there is no data connectivity between them. The Atlanta router is known to have a correct configuration.
Given the partial configurations shown in the exhibit, what is the problem on the Brevard router that is
causing the lack of connectivity?

A. A loopback is not set

B. The IP address is incorrect.
C. The subnet mask is incorrect.
D. The serial line encapsulations are incompatible.
E. The maximum transmission unit (MTU) size is too large.
F. The bandwidth setting is incompatible with the connected interface.

Answer: B

Question 3:

Refer to the exhibit. The two exhibited devices are the only Cisco devices on the network. The serial
network between the two devices has a mask of 255.255.255.252. Given the output that is shown, what three
statements are true of these devices? (Choose three)
A. The Manchester serial address is 10.1.1.1.
B. The Manchester serial address is 10.1.1.2.
C. The London router is a Cisco 2610.
D. The Manchester router is a Cisco 2610.
E. The CDP information was received on port Serial0/0 of the Manchester router.
F. The CDP information was sent by port Serial0/0 of the London router.

Answer: A C E

Question 4:

A network administrator has configured two switches, named London and Madrid, to use VTP. However,
the switches are not sharing VTP messages. Given the command output shown in the graphic, why are these
switches not sharing VTP messages?

A. The VTP version is not correctly configured.

B. The VTP operating mode is not correctly configured.
C. The VTP domain name is not correctly configured.
D. VTP pruning mode is disabled.
E. VTP V2 mode is disabled.
F. VTP traps generation is disabled.

Answer: C

Question 5:

The network shown in the diagram is experiencing connectivity problems. Which of the following will
correct the problems? (Choose two.)

A. Configure the gateway on Host A as 10.1.1.1.

B. Configure the gateway on Host B as 10.1.2.254.
C. Configure the IP address of Host A as 10.1.2.2.
D. Configure the IP address of Host B as 10.1.2.2.
E. Configure the masks on both hosts to be 255.255.255.224.
F. Configure the masks on both hosts to be 255.255.255.240.

Answer: B D

Question 6:

Refer to the exhibit:

The network administrator has created a new VLAN on Switch1 and added host C and host D. The
administrator has properly configured switch interfaces FastEthernet0/13 through FastEthernet0/24 to be
members of the new VLAN. However, after the network administrator completed the configuration, host A
could communicate with host B, but host A could not communicate with host C or host D. Which
commands are required to resolve this problem?

A. Router(config)# interface fastethernet 0/1.3

Router(config-if)# encapsulation dot1q 3
Router(config-if)# ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0

B. Router(config)# router rip

Router(config-router)# network 192.168.1.0
Router(config-router)# network 192.168.2.0
Router(config-router)# network 192.168.3.0

C. Switch1# vlan database

Switch1(vlan)# vtp v2-mode
Switch1(vlan)# vtp domain cisco
Switch1(vlan)# vtp server

D. Switch1(config)# interface fastethernet 0/1

Switch1(config-if)# switchport mode trunk
Switch1(config-if)# switchport trunk encapsulation isl

Answers: A

Question 7:

Refer to the exhibit. Hosts on the same VLAN can communicate with each other but are unable to
communicate with hosts on different VLANs. What is needed to allow communication between VLANs?
A. a switch with a trunk link that is configured between the switches
B. a router with an IP address on the physical interface that is connected to the switch
C. a switch with an access link that is configured between the switches
D. a router with subinterfaces configured on the physical interface that is connected to the switch

Answer: D

Question 8:

The show interfaces serial 0/0 command resulted in the output shown in the graphic. What are possible
causes for this interface status? (Choose three)

A. The interface is shut down.

B. No keepalive messages are received.
C. The clockrate is not set.
D. No loopback address is set.
E. No cable is attached to the interface.
F. There is a mismatch in the encapsulation type.

Answer: B C F

Question 9:

While troubleshooting a connectivity issue from a PC you obtain the following information:
Local PC IP address: 10.0.0.35/24
Default Gateway: 10.0.0.1

Remote Sever: 10.5.75.250/24

You then conduct the following tests from the local PC:
Ping 127.0.0.1 - Successful
Ping 10.0.0.35 - Successful
Ping 10.0.0.1 - Unsuccessful
Ping 10.5.75.250 - Unsuccessful

What is the underlying cause of this problem?

A. A remote physical layer problem exists.

B. The host NIC is not functioning.
C. TCP/IP has not been correctly installed on the host.
D. A local physical layer problem exists.

Answer: D

CCNA Troubleshooting Questions 2

Monday, 11 August 2008 08:26 administrator

Here you will find answers to Trouble Shooting Questions (Part 2)

Question 1:

A network administrator is troubleshooting the OSPF configuration of routers R1 and R2. The routers
cannot establish an adjacency relationship on their common Ethernet link. The graphic shows the output of
the show ip ospf interface e0 command for routers R1 and R2. Based on the information in the graphic,
what is the cause of this problem?
A. The OSPF area is not configured properly.
B. The priority on R1 should be set higher.
C. The cost on R1 should be set higher.
D. The hello and dead timers are not configured properly.
E. A backup designated router needs to be added to the network.
F. The OSPF process ID numbers must match.

Answer: D

Question 2:

This graphic shows the results of an attempt to open a Telnet connection to router ACCESS1 from router
Remote27. Which of the following command sequences will correct this problem?

A. ACCESS1(config)# line console 0

ACCESS1(config-line)# password cisco
B. Remote27(config)# line console 0
Remote27(config-line)# login
Remote27(config-line)# password cisco
C. ACCESS1(config)# line vty 0 4
ACCESS1(config-line)# login
ACCESS1(config-line)# password cisco
D. Remote27(config)# line vty 0 4
Remote27(config-line)# login
Remote27(config-line)# password cisco
E. ACCESS1(config)# enable password cisco
F. Remote27(config)# enable password cisco

Answer: C

Question 3:

Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator attempts to ping Host2 from Host1 and receives the results
that are shown. What is a possible problem?

A. The link between Host1 and Switch1 is down.

B. TCP/IP is not functioning on Host1
C. The link between Router1 and Router2 is down.
D. The default gateway on Host1 is incorrect.
E. Interface Fa0/0 on Router1 is shutdown.
F. The link between Switch1 and Router1 is down.

Answer: C

Question 4:

Refer to the exhibit. Hosts in network 192.168.2.0 are unable to reach hosts in network 192.168.3.0. Based
on the output from RouterA, what are two possible reasons for the failure? (Choose two)
A. The cable that is connected to S0/0 on RouterA is faulty.
B. Interface S0/0 on RouterB is administratively down.
C. Interface S0/0 on RouterA is configured with an incorrect subnet mask.
D. The IP address that is configured on S0/0 of RouterB is not in the correct subnet.
E. Interface S0/0 on RouterA is not receiving a clock signal from the CSU/DSU.
F. The encapsulation that is configured on S0/0 of RouterB does not match the encapsulation that is
configured on S0/0 of RouterA.

Answer: E F

Question 5:

When upgrading the IOS image, the network administrator receives the exhibited error message. What could
be the cause of this error?

A. The new IOS image is too large for the router flash memory.
B. The TFTP server is unreachable from the router.
C. The new IOS image is not correct for this router platform.
D. The IOS image on the TFTP server is corrupt.
E. There is not enough disk space on the TFTP server for the IOS image.

Answer: B

CCNA Drag and Drop Questions

Saturday, 09 August 2008 07:49 administrator

Here you will find answers to drag and drop Questions

Question 1:

A dental firm is redesigning the network that connects its three locations. The administrator gave the
networking team 192.168.164.0 to use for addressing the entire netwok. After subnetting the address, the
team is ready to assign the addresses. The administrator plans to configure ip subnet-zero and use RIP v2 as
the routing protocol. As a member of the networking team, you must address the network and at the same
time conserver unused addresses for future growth. With those goals in mind, drag the host addresses on the
left to the correct router interface. Once of the routers is partially configured. Move your mouse over a
router to view its configuration. Not all of the host addresses on the left are necessary.

Answer:

Explanation:

In short, we should start calculating from the biggest network (with 16 hosts) to the smallest one using the
formula 2n - 2 (n is the number of bits we need to borrow).Therefore:

16 hosts < 25 - 2 (we need to borrow 5 bits -> /27)

11 hosts < 24 - 2 (borrow 4 bits -> /28)
5 hosts < 23 - 2 (borrow 3 bits -> /29)
From the available ip addresses, we see that each of them has only one suitable solution (they are
192.168.164.149/27,192.168.164.166/28 and 192.168.164.178/29)

The smallest network is the Floss S0/0 which only requires 2 hosts = 22 - 2 (need to borrow 2 bits ->/30).
There are 2 suitable answers: 192.168.164.189/30 and 192.168.164.188/30 but notice that
192.168.164.188/30 is the network address so we can not use it (because 188 = 4 * 47) -> we have to choose
192.168.164.189 as the correct solution.
In fact, it is not the formal way to solve a VLSM question so I recommend you to review your CCNA book
if you haven't grasped it well yet.

Question 2:

In order to complete a basic switch configuration, drag each switch IOS command on the left to its purpose
on the right

Answer:

1) enable
2) configure terminal
3) hostname
4) Interface vlan 1
5) no shutdown
6) ip address
7) ip default-gateway

Question 3:

The Missouri branch office router is connected through its s0 interface to the Alabama Headquarters router
s1 interface. The Alabama router has two LANs. Missouri users obtain Internet access through the
Headquarters router. The network interfaces in the topology are addressed as follows: Missouri: e0 -
192.168.35.17/28; s0 - 192.168.35.33/28; Alabama: e0 - 192.168.35.49/28; e1 - 192.168.35.65/28; s1 -
192.168.35.34/28. The accounting server has the address of 192.168.35.66/28. Match the access list
conditions on the left with the goals on the right. (Not all options on the left are used.)
Answer:

1) deny ip 192.168.35.16 0.0.0.15 host 192.16.35.66

2) deny ip 192.168.35.55 0.0.0.0 host 192.168.35.66

3) permit ip 192.168.35.0 0.0.0.255 host 192.168.35.66

Question 4:

A host with the address of 192.168.125.34/27 needs to be denied access to all hosts outside its own subnet.
To accomplish this, complete the command in brackets, [access-list 100 deny protocol address mask any],
by dragging the appropriate options on the left to their correct placeholders on the right.

Answer:

1) ip

2) 192.168.125.34

3) 0.0.0.0

Full command: access-list 100 deny ip 192.168.125.34 0.0.0.0

Question 5:

Drag and drop the network user application to the appropriate description of its primary use (not all options
are used)

Answer:

1) web browser

2) instant message

3) e-mail

4) database

5) collaboration

Question 6:

This topology contains 3 routers and 1 switch. Complete the topology.

Drag the appropriate device icons to the labeled Device

Drag the appropriate connections to the locations labeled Connections.
Drag the appropriate IP addresses to the locations labeled IP address

(Hint: use the given host addresses and Main router information)
To remove a device or connection, drag it away from the topology.

Use information gathered from the Main router to complete the configuration of any additional
routers. No passwords are required to access the Main router . The config terminal command has been
disabled for the HQ router. The router does not require any configuration.

Configure each additional router with the following

Configure the interfaces with the correct IP address and enable the interfaces.
Set the password to allow console access to consolepw
Set the password to allow telnet access to telnetpw
Set the password to allow privilege mode access to privpw

Note: Because routes are not being added to the configurations, you will not be able to ping through the
internetwork.
All devices have cable autosensing capabilities disabled.
All hosts are PC’s

Answer:
View full explanation of this question here

CCNA - Hotspot Questions

Saturday, 09 August 2008 07:50 administrator

Here you will find answers to hotspot Questions

Hotspot Routing Question

Question 1:

If the router R1 has a packet with a destination address 192.168.1.255, what describes the operation of the
network?

A - R1 will forward the packet out all interfaces

B - R1 will drop this packet because it is not a valid IP address
C - As R1 forwards the frame containing this packet, Sw-A will add 192.168.1.255 to its MAC table
D - R1 will encapsulate the packet in a frame with a destination MAC address of FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF
E - As R1 forwards the frame containing this packet, Sw-A will forward it ti the device assigned the IP
address of 192.168.1.255

Answer: B

Question 2:

Users on the 192.168.1.0/24 network must access files located on the Server 1. What route could be
configured on router R1 for file requests to reach the server?
A - ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s0/0/0
B - ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 209.165.200.226
C - ip route 209.165.200.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.250
D - ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 209.165.100.250

Answer: A

Quetion 3:

When a packet is sent from Host 1 to Server 1, in how many different frames will the packet be
encapsulated as it is sent across the internetwork?

A-0
B-1
C-2
D-3
E-4

Answer: D

Question 4:

What must be configured on the network in order for users on the Internet to view web pages located on
Web Server 2?

A - On router R2,configure a default static route to the 192.168.1.0 network

B - On router r2, configure DNS to resolve the URL assigned to Web Server 2 to the 192.168.1.10 address
C - On router R1, configure NAT to translate an address on the 209.165.100.0/24 network to 192.168.1.10
D - On router R1, configure DHCP to assign a registered IP address on the 209.165.100.0/24 network to
Web Server 2

Answer: C

Question 5:

The router address 192.168.1.250 is the default gateway for both the Web Server 2 and Host 1. What is the
correct subnet mask for this network?

A - 255.255.255.0
B - 255.255.255.192
C - 255.255.255.250
D - 255.255.255.252

Answer: A
Hotspot Frame-relay Question
Question 1:

What destination Layer 2 address will be used in the frame header containing a packet for host 172.30.0.4?

A - 704
B - 196
C - 702
D - 344

Answer: C

Question 2:

A static map to the S-AMER location is required. Which command should be used to create this map?

A - frame-relay map ip 172.30.0.3 704 broadcast

B - frame-relay map ip 172.30.0.3 196 broadcast
C - frame-relay map ip 172.30.0.3 702 broadcast
D - frame-relay map ip 172.30.0.3 344 broadcast

Answer: B

Question 3:

Which connection uses the default encapsulation for serial interfaces on Cisco routers?

A - The serial connection to the MidEast branch office

B - The serial connection to the DeepSouth branch office
C - The serial connection to the NorthCentral branch office
D - The serial connection to the Multinational Core

Answer: A

Question 4:

If required, what password should be configured on the router in the MidEast branch office to allow a
connection to be established with the Dubai router?

A - No password is required
B - Enable
C - Scr
D - Telnet
E - Console
Answer: D

CCNA - Access List Questions

Saturday, 09 August 2008 07:51 administrator

Here you will find answers to access control list Questions

Question 1:

Refer to the exhibit. The access list has been configured on the S0/0 interface of router RTB in the outbound
direction. Which two packets, if routed to the interface, will be denied? (Choose two)

access-list 101 deny tcp 192.168.15.32 0.0.0.15 any eq telnet

access-list 101 permit ip any any

A. source ip address: 192.168.15.5; destination port: 21

B. source ip address:, 192.168.15.37 destination port: 21
C. source ip address:, 192.168.15.41 destination port: 21
D. source ip address:, 192.168.15.36 destination port: 23
E. source ip address: 192.168.15.46; destination port: 23
F. source ip address:, 192.168.15.49 destination port: 23

Answer: D E

Question 2:

Refer to the graphic. It has been decided that PC1 should be denied access to Server. Which of the following
commands are required to prevent only PC1 from accessing Server1 while allowing all other traffic to flow
normally? (Choose two)
A - Router(config)# interface fa0/0
Router(config-if)# ip access-group 101 out
B - Router(config)# interface fa0/0
Router(config-if)# ip access-group 101 in
C - Router(config)# access-list 101 deny ip host 172.16.161.150 host 172.16.162.163
Router(config)# access-list 101 permit ip any any
D - Router(config)# access-list 101 deny ip 172.16.161.150 0.0.0.255 172.16.162.163 0.0.0.0
Router(config)# access-list 101 permit ip any any

Answer: B C

Question 3:

Refer to the exhibit. Why would the network administrator configure RA in this manner?

A. to give students access to the Internet

B. to prevent students from accessing the command prompt of RA
C. to prevent administrators from accessing the console of RA
D. to give administrators access to the Internet
E. to prevent students from accessing the Internet
F. to prevent students from accessing the Admin network
Answer: B

Question 4:

An access list was written with the four statements shown in the graphic. Which single access list statement
will combine all four of these statements into a single statement that will have exactly the same effect?

A. access-list 10 permit 172.29.16.0 0.0.0.255

B. access-list 10 permit 172.29.16.0 0.0.1.255
C. access-list 10 permit 172.29.16.0 0.0.3.255
D. access-list 10 permit 172.29.16.0 0.0.15.255
E. access-list 10 permit 172.29.0.0 0.0.255.255

Answer: C

CCNA - Operations Questions 1

Saturday, 09 August 2008 08:14 administrator

Here you will find answers to Operations Questions (Part 1)

Question 1:

What are two reasons that a network administrator would use access lists? (Choose two.)

A. to control vty access into a router

B. to control broadcast traffic through a router
C. to filter traffic as it passes through a router
D. to filter traffic that originates from the router
E. to replace passwords as a line of defense against security incursions

Answers: A C

Question 2:

A single 802.11g access point has been configured and installed in the center of a square office. A few
wireless users are experiencing slow performance and drops while most users are operating at peak
efficiency. What are three likely causes of this problem? (Choose three.)

A. mismatched TKIP encryption

B. null SSID
C. cordless phones
D. mismatched SSID
E. metal file cabinets
F. antenna type or direction

Answers: C E F

Question 3:

Refer to the exhibit. How many broadcast domains exist in the exhibited topology?

A. one
B. two
C. three
D. four
E. five
F. six

Answer: C

Question 4:

Which type of attack is characterized by a flood of packets that are requesting a TCP connection to a server?
A. denial of service
B. brute force
C. reconnaissance
D. Trojan horse

Answer: A

Question 5:
Refer to the exhibit.

The network administrator has created a new VLAN on Switch1 and added host C and host D. The
administrator has properly configured switch interfaces FastEthernet0/13 through FastEthernet0/24 to be
members of the new VLAN. However, after the network administrator completed the configuration, host A
could communicate with host B, but host A could not communicate with host C or host D. Which
commands are required to resolve this problem?

A. Router(config)# interface fastethernet 0/1.3

Router(config-if)# encapsulation dot1q 3
Router(config-if)# ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0

B. Router(config)# router rip

Router(config-router)# network 192.168.1.0
Router(config-router)# network 192.168.2.0
Router(config-router)# network 192.168.3.0

C. Switch1# vlan database

Switch1(vlan)# vtp v2-mode
Switch1(vlan)# vtp domain cisco
Switch1(vlan)# vtp server

D. Switch1(config)# interface fastethernet 0/1

Switch1(config-if)# switchport mode trunk
Switch1(config-if)# switchport trunk encapsulation isl

Answer: A

Question 6:

Refer to the exhibit. What is the most efficient summarization that R1 can use to advertise its networks to
R2?
A. 172.1.0.0/22

B. 172.1.0.0/21

C. 172.1.4.0/22

D. 172.1.4.0/24
172.1.5.0/24
172.1.6.0/24
172.1.7.0/24

E. 172.1.4.0/25
172.1.4.128/25
172.1.5.0/24
172.1.6.0/24
172.1.7.0/24

Answer: C

Question 7:

Which spread spectrum technology does the 802.11b standard define for operation?

A. IR
B. DSSS
C. FHSS
D. DSSS and FHSS
E. IR, FHSS, and DSSS

Answer: B

Question 8:

A network interface port has collision detection and carrier sensing enabled on a shared twisted pair
network. From this statement, what is known about the network interface port?
A. This is a 10 Mb/s switch port.
B. This is a 100 Mb/s switch port.
C. This is an Ethernet port operating at half duplex.
D. This is an Ethernet port operating at full duplex.
E. This is a port on a network interface card in a PC.

Answer: C

Question 9:

Refer to the topology and router configuration shown in the graphic. A host on the LAN is accessing an FTP
server across the Internet. Which of the following addresses could appear as a source address for the packets
forwarded by the router to the destination server?

A. 10.10.0.1
B. 10.10.0.2
C. 199.99.9.33
D. 199.99.9.57
E. 200.2.2.17
F. 200.2.2.18

Answer: D

Question 10:

Which routing protocol by default uses bandwidth and delay as metrics?

A. RIP
B. BGP
C. OSPF
D. EIGRP
Answer: D

Question 11:

Refer to the exhibit. The networks connected to router R2 have been summarized as a 192.168.176.0/21
route and sent to R1. Which two packet destination addresses will R1 forward to R2? (Choose two)

A. 192.168.194.160
B. 192.168.183.41
C. 192.168.159.2
D. 192.168.183.255
E. 192.168.179.4
F. 192.168.184.45

Answer: B E

Explanation:

From the subnet mask of /21, we can specify the network address and broadcast address of this subnetwork:

Increment: 8 of the third octet(/21 = 255.255.248.0 or 1111 1111.1111 1111. 1111 1000.0000 0000)
Network address: 192.168.176.0
Broadcast address: 192.168.183.255 (183 = 176 + 8 - 1)

Therefore all the destination addresses in this range will be forwarded to R2 -> B and E lie in this range and
their packages will be forwarded to R2. Please notice that D is an incorrect answer because it is a broadcast
address and R1 will drop its packages.

Question 12:

Refer to the exhibit. Which switch provides the spanning-tree designated port role for the network segment
that services the printers?
A. Switch1
B. Switch2
C. Switch3
D. Switch4

Answer: C

Explanation:
First, the question asks what switch services the printers, so it can be Switch 3 or Switch 4 which is
connected directly to the Printers.
Next, by comparing the MAC address of Switch 3 and Switch 4 we found that the MAC of Switch 3 is
smaller. Therefore the interface connected to the Printers of Switch 3 will become designated interface and
the interface of Switch 4 will be blocked
(Please notice that Switch 1 will become the root bridge because of its lowest priority, not Switch 3)

CCNA - Operations Questions 2

Monday, 11 August 2008 12:34 administrator

Here you will find answers to Operations Questions (part 2)

Question 1:

On a network of one department, there are four PCs connected to a switch, as shown in the following figure:
After the Switch1 restarts. Host A ( the host on the left ) sends the first frame to Host C (the host on the
right). What the first thing should the switch do?

A. Switch1 will add 192.168.23.12 to the switching table.

B. Switch1 will add 192.168.23.4 to the switching table.
C. Switch1 will add 000A.8A47.E612 to the switching table.
D. None of the above

Answer: C

Question 2:

The user of Host1 wants to ping the DSL modem/router at 192.168.1.254. Based on the Host1 ARP table
that is shown in the exhibit, what will Host1 do?

A. send a unicast ARP packet to the DSL modem/router

B. send unicast ICMP packets to the DSL modem/router
C. send Layer 3 broadcast packets to which the DSL modem/router responds
D. send a Layer 2 broadcast that is received by Host2, the switch, and the DSL modem/router

Answer: B
Question 3:

Which two values are used by Spanning Tree Protocol to elect a root bridge? (Choose two)

A. amount of RAM
B. bridge priority
C. IOS version
D. IP address
E. MAC address
F. speed of the links

Answer: B E

Question 4:

Host 1 is trying to communicate with Host 2. The e0 interface on Router C is down. Which of the following
are true? (Choose two.)

A. Router C will use ICMP to inform Host 1 that Host 2 cannot be reached.
B. Router C will use ICMP to inform Router B that Host 2 cannot be reached.
C. Router C will use ICMP to inform Host 1, Router A, and Router B that Host 2 cannot be reached.
D. Router C will send a Destination Unreachable message type.
E. Router C will send a Router Selection message type.
F. Router C will send a Source Quench message type.

Answer: A D

Question 5:

Refer to the exhibit. The network shown in the exhibit is running the RIPv2 routing protocol. The network
has converged, and the routers in this network are functioning properly. The FastEthernet0/0 interface on R1
goes down. In which two ways will the routers in this network respond to this change? (Choose two)
A. All routers will reference their topology database to determine if any backup routes to the 192.168.1.0
network are known.
B. Routers R2 and R3 mark the route as inaccessible and will not accept any further routing updates from
R1 until their hold-down timers expire.
C. Because of the split-horizon rule, router R2 will be prevented from sending erroneous information to R1
about connectivity to the 192.168.1.0 network.
D. When router R2 learns from R1 that the link to the 192.168.1.0 network has been lost, R2 will respond
by sending a route back to R1 with an infinite metric to the 192.168.1.0 network.
E. R1 will send LSAs to R2 and R3 informing them of this change, and then all routers will send periodic
updates at an increased rate until the network again converges.

Answer: C D

Question 6:

Which of the following describe the process identifier that is used to run OSPF on a router? (Choose two.)
A. It is locally significant.
B. It is globally significant.
C. It is needed to identify a unique instance of an OSPF database.
D. It is an optional parameter required only if multiple OSPF processes are running on the router.
E. All routers in the same OSPF area must have the same process ID if they are to exchange routing
information.

Answer: A C

Question 7:

Refer to the exhibit. The FMJ manufacturing company is concerned about unauthorized access to the
Payroll Server. The Accounting1, CEO, Mgr1, and Mgr2 workstations should be the only computers with
access to the Payroll Server. What two technologies should be implemented to help prevent unauthorized
access to the server? (Choose two)
A. access lists
B. encrypted router passwords
C. STP
D. VLANs
E. VTP
F. wireless LANs

Answer: A D

Question 8:

Which two statements are true about the command ip route 172.16.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.4? (Choose
two.)

A. It establishes a static route to the 172.16.3.0 network.

B. It establishes a static route to the 192.168.2.0 network.
C. It configures the router to send any traffic for an unknown destination to the 172.16.3.0 network.
D. It configures the router to send any traffic for an unknown destination out the interface with the address
192.168.2.4.
E. It uses the default administrative distance.
F. It is a route that would be used last if other routes to the same destination exist.

Answer: A E

Question 9:

Which three statements are correct about RIP version 2? (Choose three.)
A. It has the same maximum hop count as version 1.
B. It uses broadcasts for its routing updates.
C. It is a classless routing protocol.
D. It has a lower default administrative distance than RIP version 1.
E. It supports authentication.
F. It does not send the subnet mask in updates.

Answer: A C E

Question 10:

How should a router that is being used in a Frame Relay network be configured to avoid split horizon issues
from preventing routing updates?
A. Configure a separate sub-interface for each PVC with a unique DLCI and subnet assigned to the sub-
interface.
B. Configure each Frame Relay circuit as a point-to-point line to support multicast and broadcast traffic.
C. Configure many sub-interfaces on the same subnet.
D. Configure a single sub-interface to establish multiple PVC connections to multiple remote router
interfaces.

Answer: A

Question 11:

A network administrator is configuring the routers in the graphic for OSPF. The OSPF process has been
started and the networks have been configured for Area 0 as shown in the diagram. The network
administrator has several options for configuring RouterB to ensure that it will be preferred as the
designated router (DR) for the 172.16.1.0 /24 LAN segment. What configuration tasks could be used to
establish this preference? (Choose three)

A. Configure the priority value of the Fa0/0 interface of RouterB to a higher value than any other interface
on the Ethernet network.
B. Change the router id of Router B by assigning the IP address 172.16.1.130/24 to the Fa0/0 interface of
RouterB.
C. Configure a loopback interface on RouterB with an IP address higher than any IP address on the other
routers.
D. Change the priority value of the Fa0/0 interface of RouterB to zero.
E. Change the priority values of the Fa0/0 interfaces of RouterA and RouterC to zero.
F. No further configuration is necessary.

Answer: A C E