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    Is In: Switching

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    Nurul Fahmi Arief
    Optical signals traveling through fibers face challenges when they need to be switched to different paths at nodes. Currently, signals are converted to electronic form for switching, which generates heat as density increases. In the future, movable micromirror arrays may provide optical switching without conversion. Two arrays of mirrors could form an optical cross-connect switch, with input beams directed to specific mirrors in the first array that then redirect the beams to mirrors in the second array routing them to the appropriate output fibers. This approach avoids heat generation from electronic conversions and could allow for extremely large switches with thousands of input and output fibers.

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    Is In: Switching

    Uploaded by

    Nurul Fahmi Arief
    5 views1 page
    Optical signals traveling through fibers face challenges when they need to be switched to different paths at nodes. Currently, signals are converted to electronic form for switching, which generates heat as density increases. In the future, movable micromirror arrays may provide optical switching without conversion. Two arrays of mirrors could form an optical cross-connect switch, with input beams directed to specific mirrors in the first array that then redirect the beams to mirrors in the second array routing them to the appropriate output fibers. This approach avoids heat generation from electronic conversions and could allow for extremely large switches with thousands of input and output fibers.

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    353

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    Optical signals traveling through fibers face challenges when they need to be switched to different paths at nodes. Currently, signals are converted to electronic form for switching, which generates heat as density increases. In the future, movable micromirror arrays may provide optical switching without conversion. Two arrays of mirrors could form an optical cross-connect switch, with input beams directed to specific mirrors in the first array that then redirect the beams to mirrors in the second array routing them to the appropriate output fibers. This approach avoids heat generation from electronic conversions and could allow for extremely large switches with thousands of input and output fibers.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    5 views1 page

    Is In: Switching

    Uploaded by

    Nurul Fahmi Arief
    Optical signals traveling through fibers face challenges when they need to be switched to different paths at nodes. Currently, signals are converted to electronic form for switching, which generates heat as density increases. In the future, movable micromirror arrays may provide optical switching without conversion. Two arrays of mirrors could form an optical cross-connect switch, with input beams directed to specific mirrors in the first array that then redirect the beams to mirrors in the second array routing them to the appropriate output fibers. This approach avoids heat generation from electronic conversions and could allow for extremely large switches with thousands of input and output fibers.

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    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Optical

    switching

    353

    disembark. He must then travel by tube to Liverpool Street Station from where he is allowed the luxury of boarding another train. The journey by fube is a nuisance. Signals travelling in optical fibres face the same problems. They can rarely reach their destination without change of a rather brutal nature. Within picoseconds of their arrival they are unceremoniously converted into electronic form, interrogated as for their final destination, reconverted into optical form and finally bundled into the appropriate optical output fibre. Obviously, this conversion-reconversion business is a nuisance. Actually, it is more than a nuisance. Electrons generate heat and as the densiry of elements increases the point might have already been reached when there is no easy way to keep the temperature rise to an acceptable limit. It is as if the carriages in the tube that take you from Paddington to Liverpool Street Station would be not only uncomfortable but unbearably hot
    as

    well.

    So let us see how such an interchan-ee will be done in tlie future. The movable mirror whose construction was briefly discussed in Section 9.26 can olcourse be constructed in fwo-dimensional arrays. A fine example of a 6 x 6 array. in which

    theangularpositionofeachelementcanbecontrolled.isshorvninFig. 13.24(a). Tu'o such arrays may then be used in an optical cross-connect su,itch. as show.n in Figure 13.24(b). The inputs and outputs are rwo square bundies of optical fibres equipped with collimators to produce small diameter free-space beams. Each input beam is arranged to strike one of the N{EivlS rnirors in the first lrray. This mirror may lurn to point at anv ntirror in the second arrav. rvhich may then lurn to route the beam to its corresponding output fibre. Switches of this type may be extremely large, with up to 1000 inpurs and 1000 outputs.

    (a)

    Mirror

    tl

    element

    Local electronics

    Sensing and control lines

    Mirror

    Fibre

    Mirror arrav
    Input fibre array

    2 ,'

    E E GG I;G

    (:

    Lens arrav Output fibre anay

    Fig.13.24
    x 6 mirror arra_v of dual axis MEMS torsion mirror. (b) Optical
    (a) A 6 cross-connect constructed from two mirror anays. After R.R.A. Syms, J. Lightwave Technol. 20. 1084. 2002

    =:::Fibre i

    =;=;:@ :T;E

    Minor anav
    Lrns array

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