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    Measures of Variability /dispersion 1. Range 2. Interquartile Range 3. Variance 4. Standard Deviation 5. Coefficient of Variation

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    Dinar Riny Nv
    This document defines and provides formulas for several common measures of variability or dispersion in data including range, interquartile range, variance, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation. It also provides an example calculation for standard deviation and discusses when to use each measure and the empirical rule for normal distributions.

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    Measures of Variability /dispersion 1. Range 2. Interquartile Range 3. Variance 4. Standard Deviation 5. Coefficient of Variation

    Uploaded by

    Dinar Riny Nv
    10 views9 pages
    This document defines and provides formulas for several common measures of variability or dispersion in data including range, interquartile range, variance, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation. It also provides an example calculation for standard deviation and discusses when to use each measure and the empirical rule for normal distributions.

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    This document defines and provides formulas for several common measures of variability or dispersion in data including range, interquartile range, variance, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation. It also provides an example calculation for standard deviation and discusses when to use each measure and the empirical rule for normal distributions.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    10 views9 pages

    Measures of Variability /dispersion 1. Range 2. Interquartile Range 3. Variance 4. Standard Deviation 5. Coefficient of Variation

    Uploaded by

    Dinar Riny Nv
    This document defines and provides formulas for several common measures of variability or dispersion in data including range, interquartile range, variance, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation. It also provides an example calculation for standard deviation and discusses when to use each measure and the empirical rule for normal distributions.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
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    MEASURES OF VARIABILITY /DISPERSION 1. RANGE 2. INTERQUARTILE RANGE 3. VARIANCE 4. STANDARD DEVIATION 5.

    COEFFICIENT OF VARIATION

    RANGE = X max - X min INTERQUARTILE RANGE = Q3 - Q1

    VARIANCE POPULATION = 2
    =

    (Xi - X)2 / N

    VARIANCE SAMPLE = S2 = (Xi - X)2 /(n - 1) STANDARD DEVIATION (SD) = S2 COEFFICIENT OF VARIANCE (CV) CALCULATED BY CV = (SD/MEAN) X 100 %

    EXAMPLE : Xi : 8, 5, 4, 12, 15, 5, 7 CALCULATE : S and S2 ANSWER : Xi Xi - X 8 0 5 -3 4 -4 12 4 15 7 5 -3 7 -1 X = 56 n=7

    (Xi - X)2 0 9 16 S2=100/7-1=16,67 16 S = 16,67 = 4,082 49 9 1 ( X-X)2 = 100

    X = 56/7 = 8

    Empirical Rule The standard deviation and the normal distribution For unimodal, moderately symmetrical, sets of data approximately:
    i.e. Normally Distributed Data

    68% of observations lie within 1 standard deviation of the mean. 95% of observations lie within 2 standard deviations of the mean.

    NOTE : THE INTERVAL X + 2S, SHOULD INCLUDE ABOUT 95% OF THE OBSERVATIONS IN A SAMPLE.

    GROUP DATA

    S2 = WHERE :

    ( n fi xi 2 - ( fixi )2 ) n(n-1)

    xi = MID POINT

    n = fi
    fi = FREQUENCY OF THE ith CLASS

    EXAMPLE : CLASS INTERVAL fi 45 - 49 50 - 54 55 - 59 60 - 64 65 - 69 70 - 74 TOTAL 3 10 16 20 15 6 70 xi 47 52 57 62 67 72 xi2 2209 fixi 141 fixi2 6627

    21679

    4250 260970

    S2 = 70 (260970) - (4250)2 70 (69) = 42,526 S = 42,526 = 6,521

    Coefficient of Variation (CV)


    Ratio of sample standard deviation to sample mean multiplied by 100. s CV 100% x Measures relative variability, that is, variability relative to the magnitude of the data.
    Unitless, so good for comparing variation between two groups and for comparing variability of measurements in completely different scales and/or units.

    Choosing Appropriate Measure of Variability


    If data are symmetric, with no serious outliers, use range and standard deviation. If data are skewed, and/or have serious outliers, use IQR. If comparing variation across two variables, use coefficient of variation if the variables are in different units and/or scales. If the scales and units are roughly the same direct comparison of the standard deviation is fine.

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