Programming for Engineers II Spring 2013, Object Oriented Programming

COMPOSITION
Example
#include <iostream> using namespace std; #include <string> class student { int rollNumber; string Name; public: student(int =0, string="Default"); void AddDetails(int, string); void PrintDetails(); }; student::student(int rN, string N) { rollNumber=rN; Name=N; } void student::PrintDetails() { cout<<rollNumber<<" "<<Name<<endl; } void student::AddDetails(int rN, string N) { rollNumber=rN; Name=N; }

class course { private: string Name; int creditHours; string InstructorName; student list; public: course( string="", int =0, string ="", int = -1, string ="None"); void PrintDetails(); void RegisterStudent();

}; course::course(string CName, int CH, string IN,int rN, string sName):list(rN, sName) { Name=CName; creditHours=CH; InstructorName=IN;}

void course::RegisterStudent() { string N; int rN; cout<<"\n Enter Student Name "; cin>>N; cout<<"\n Enter Roll Number "; cin>>rN; list.AddDetails(rN, N); } void course:: PrintDetails() { cout<<Name<<endl; cout<<creditHours<<endl; cout<<InstructorName<<endl; cout<<"\nStudent Details list.PrintDetails(); } What is the output? int main() { course Programming("Programming", 3 , "Tooba"); Programming.PrintDetails(); return 0; } .. \n";

Composition of Array of objects in a different class

#include <iostream> using namespace std; #include <string> class student { int rollNumber; string Name; public: student(int =0, string="Default"); void AddDetails(int, string); void PrintDetails(); }; student::student(int rN, string N) { rollNumber=rN; Name=N; } void student::PrintDetails() { cout<<rollNumber<<" "<<Name<<endl; } void student::AddDetails(int rN, string N) { rollNumber=rN; Name=N; }

class course { private: string Name; int creditHours; string InstructorName; student list[35]; int currentStudents; public: course( string="", int =0, string =""); void PrintDetails(); void RegisterStudent();

}; //constructor of container class course::course(string CName, int CH, string IN) { Name=CName; creditHours=CH; InstructorName=IN; currentStudents=0;}

void course::RegisterStudent() { string N; int rN; cout<<"\n Enter Student Name "; cin>>N; cout<<"\n Enter Roll Number "; cin>>rN; list[currentStudents].AddDetails(rN, N); currentStudents++;} void course:: PrintDetails() { cout<<Name<<endl; cout<<creditHours<<endl; cout<<InstructorName<<endl; for (int i=0; i< currentStudents ; i++) list[i].PrintDetails();} Question 1 What is the output of following codes? int main() int main() { { course Programming("Programming", course Programming("Programming", 3 , "Tooba"); 3 , "Tooba"); Programming.RegisterStudent(); Programming.RegisterStudent(); Programming.RegisterStudent(); Programming.PrintDetails(); return 0;} Programming.PrintDetails(); return 0;}

Question - 2
Write a member function for class Course to sort the list of students by roll number

Composition of dynamic Array of objects in a different class

class course { private: string Name; int creditHours; string InstructorName; student *list; int currentStudents; const int maxStudent; public: course( string="", int =0, string ="",int =1 ); void PrintDetails(); void RegisterStudent(); }; course::course(string CName, int CH, string IN,int Max):maxStudent(Max) { Name=CName; creditHours=CH; InstructorName=IN; currentStudents=0; list=new student[maxStudent]; }

void course::RegisterStudent() { string N; int rN; cout<<"\n Enter Student Name "; cin>>N; cout<<"\n Enter Roll Number "; cin>>rN; if(currentStudents<maxStudent) {list[currentStudents].AddDetails(rN, N); currentStudents++; }

} void course:: PrintDetails() { cout<<Name<<endl; cout<<creditHours<<endl; cout<<InstructorName<<endl; for (int i=0; i< currentStudents; i++) list[i].PrintDetails(); } int main() { course Programming("Programming", 3 , "Tooba", 35); Programming.RegisterStudent(); Programming.RegisterStudent(); Programming.RegisterStudent();

Programming.PrintDetails(); return 0; }

INHERITANCE Object Oriented Programming allows you to derive new classes from existing ones. This is called inheritance Suppose we want to define classes for circles, rectangles and triangles. These classes have many common features. In order to avoid redundancy, we may use inheritance. Inheritance is called is-a relationship Two Types of inheritance: Single Inheritance, and Multiple Inheritance

Base class Examples:

Single Inheritance

Derived class

Multiple Inheritance
STUDENT

UNDER_GRADUATE

GRADUATE

POST_GRADUATE

MANAGEMENT_STUDENTS

SCIENCE_STUDENTS

ENGINEERING_STUDENTS

COMPUTER_SCIENCE_STUDENTS

Multiple Inheritance

C++ Syntax for derived class

Example Public derivation

Private derivation

Member access specifier tells whether features of base class are privately derived, protected or publicly derived.

Protected derivation class circle: protected shape { . . . };

Example:

Rectangle

class rectangleType { public: void setDimension(double l, double w); double getLength() const; double getWidth() const; double area() const; double perimeter() const; void print() const; rectangleType(); //Default constructor rectangleType(double l, double w); private: double length; double width; };

Box

void rectangleType::setDimension(double l, double w) { if (l >= 0) length = l; else length = 0; if (w >= 0) width = w; else width = 0; } double rectangleType::getLength() const { return length; } double rectangleType::getWidth()const { return width; } double rectangleType::area() const { return length * width; }

double rectangleType::perimeter() const { return 2 * (length + width); } void rectangleType::print() const { cout << "Length = " << length << "; Width = " << width; } rectangleType::rectangleType(double l, double w) { setDimension(l, w); } rectangleType::rectangleType() { length = 0; width = 0; }

class boxType: public rectangleType { public: void setDimension(double l, double w, double h); double getHeight() const; double area() const; double volume() const; void print() const; boxType(); //Default constructor boxType(double l, double w, double h); private: double height; };

void boxType::setDimension(double l, double w, double h) { rectangleType::setDimension(l, w); if (h >= 0) height = h;

else height = 0; } double boxType::getHeight() const { return height; } double boxType::area() const { return 2 * (getLength() * getWidth() + getLength() * height + getWidth() * height); } double boxType::volume() const { return rectangleType::area() * height; } void boxType::print() const { rectangleType::print(); cout << "; Height = " << height; } boxType::boxType() { height = 0.0; } boxType::boxType(double l, double w, double h) : rectangleType(l, w) { if (h >= 0) height = h; else height = 0; }

#include #include #include #include

<iostream> <iomanip> "rectangleType.h" "boxType.h"

using namespace std; int main() { rectangleType myRectangle1; rectangleType myRectangle2(8, 6);

//Line 1 //Line 2

boxType myBox1; boxType myBox2(10, 7, 3);

//Line 3 //Line 4

cout << fixed << showpoint << setprecision(2); //Line 5 cout << "Line 6: myRectangle1: "; myRectangle1.print(); cout << endl; cout << "Line 9: Area of myRectangle1: " << myRectangle1.area() << endl; cout << "Line 10: myRectangle2: "; myRectangle2.print(); cout << endl; cout << "Line 13: Area of myRectangle2: " << myRectangle2.area() << endl; cout << "Line 14: myBox1: "; myBox1.print(); cout << endl; cout << "Line 17: Surface Area of myBox1: " << myBox1.area() << endl; cout << "Line 18: Volume of myBox1: " << myBox1.volume() << endl; cout << "Line 19: myBox2: "; myBox2.print(); cout << endl; cout << "Line 22: Surface Area of myBox2: " << myBox2.area() << endl; cout << "Line 23: Volume of myBox2: " << myBox2.volume() << endl; return 0; } //Line 6 //Line 7 //Line 8 //Line 9 //Line 10 //Line 11 //Line 12 //Line 13 //Line 14 //Line 15 //Line 16 //Line 17 //Line 18 //Line 19 //Line 20 //Line 21 //Line 22 //Line 23 //Line 24