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Gear Train
Gear Train
n5 N3 N1 N4 = ( )( )( ) n1 N2 N4 N5
Planetary Gear train You can get high torque ratio in a smaller space
There are two inputs to the planetary gears, RPM of sun and Ring, The out put is the speed of the arm.
Gear 1, sun , RPM 1200, Number of teeth 20, Planet Gear , Number of teeth 30 Ring Gear, Rotates RPM 120, and teeth of 80, horse power, find the speed of the arm and torque on the ring.
Transmitted Load
With a pair of gears or gear sets, Power is transmitted by the force developed between contacting Teeth
Ft = Fn cos Fr = Fn sin V = d / 2 = d * V=
dn
12 Tn hp = Toque lb-in 63000 33000hp Ft = V fpm V FV Tn KW = t = 1000 9549 T= N.m, V m/s, F Newton
2RPM 60
These forces have to be corrected for dynamic effects , we discuss later, considering AGMA factors
This equation does not consider stress concentration, dynamic effects, etc.
Design for the Bending Strength of a Gear Tooth: The AGMA Method
P Ks Km U.S. Customary b J 1.0 K s K m = Ft K 0 K v SI units bm J Bending stress at the root of the tooth =
= Ft K 0 K v
Ft = K0 = Kv = P= b= m= Ks = Km = J=
Transmitted tangential load Overload factor Velocity factor Diameteral pitch, P Face width Metric modue Size factor Mounting factor Geometry factor
all =
St = KL = KT = KR =
Overload Factor - Ko
Dynamic Factor - Kv
-Even with steady loads tooth impact can cause shock loading -Impact strength depends on quality of the gear and the speed of gear teeth (pitch line velocity) -Gears are classified with respect to manufacturing tolerances: -Qv 3 7, commercial quality -Qv 8 12, precision -Graphs are available which chart Kv for different quality factors
-Failure greatly depends on how load is distributed across face -Accurate mounting helps ensure even distribution -For larger face widths even distribution is difficult to attain -Note formula depends on face width which has to be estimated for initial iteration -Form goal: b < Dp; 6 < b*P < 16
Reliability Factor - KR
-Adjusts for reliability other than 99% - KR = 0.658 0.0759 ln (1-R) 0.5 < R <0.99 - KR = 0.50 0.109 ln (1-R) 0.99 < R < 0.9999
-Updated Lewis Form Factor includes effect of stress concentration at fillet -Different charts for different pressure angles -Available for Precision Gears where we can assume load sharing (upper curves) -HPSTC highest point of single tooth contact -Account for meshing gear and load sharing (contact ratio > 1) -Single tooth contact conservative assumption (bottom curve) -J = 0.311 ln N + 0.15 (20 degree) -J = 0.367 ln N + 0.2016 (25 degree)
-Tabulated Data similar to fatigue strength -Range given because value depends on Grade -Based on life of 107 cycles and 99% reliability
St Analytical Estimate
-Through hardened steel gears -Different charts for different manufacturing methods -Grade 1 good quality St = 77.3 HB + 12,800 -Grade 2 premium quality St = 102 HB + 16,400
-Adjusts for life goals other than 107 cycles -Fatigue effects vary with material properties and surface finishes -KL = 1.6831 N -0.0323 N>3E6 Note: @ 2000 rpm reach 3 million cycles in 1 day of service
Example: A conveyor drive involving heavy-shock torsional loading is operated by an electric motor, the speed ratio is 1:2 and the pinion has Diameteral pitch P=10 in-1, and number of teeth N=18 and face width of b=1.5 in. The gear has Brinnel hardness of 300 Bhn. Find the maximum horspower that can be transmitted, using AGMA formula.