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Tutorial Number4conduction

This tutorial document discusses deriving equations for thermal conduction in spherical and one-dimensional Cartesian coordinate systems, as well as calculating temperatures and thermal resistances in multi-layer walls. Specifically: 1) It derives the general equation for thermal conduction in spherical coordinates and discusses temperature distribution in a homogeneous wall with two surface temperatures. 2) It derives an expression for steady-state temperature distribution in a solid wall with uniform internal heat generation, two temperatures, and thermal conductivity. 3) For a specific example, it calculates the temperature at the center of a wall with given properties and boundary conditions. 4) It calculates the overall thermal resistance and heat flow per unit length for an insulated pipe with internal and

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Niraj PS
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115 views

Tutorial Number4conduction

This tutorial document discusses deriving equations for thermal conduction in spherical and one-dimensional Cartesian coordinate systems, as well as calculating temperatures and thermal resistances in multi-layer walls. Specifically: 1) It derives the general equation for thermal conduction in spherical coordinates and discusses temperature distribution in a homogeneous wall with two surface temperatures. 2) It derives an expression for steady-state temperature distribution in a solid wall with uniform internal heat generation, two temperatures, and thermal conductivity. 3) For a specific example, it calculates the temperature at the center of a wall with given properties and boundary conditions. 4) It calculates the overall thermal resistance and heat flow per unit length for an insulated pipe with internal and

Uploaded by

Niraj PS
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TUTORIAL NUMBER 4

1. Derive the general equation governing thermal conduction in spherical coordinate system. 2. Starting with

where T is the temperature (K), x is the distance (m), q is the heat generation (W/m3),k is the conductivity (W/mK), L is the thickness of the wall (m). Obtain an expression for the temperature distribution of a homogeneous wall with surface temperature T1 (at x=0) and T2 (at x=L). 3. Derive an expression for the steady state temperature within a solid wall of conductivity k (W/m K) and uniform internal heat generation qg W/m3. Assume that the x coordinate is 0 at the one end of the wall which has a constant temperature T0 (oC) and the other end is at x=x1 (m) and has a constant temperature T1 (oC). 4. For problem 3, if To = 20 oC, T1 = 100 oC, x1=2 m, k = 10 W/m K and qg= 30W/m3, calculate the temperature at the centre of the wall. 5. An insulated pipe of thickness 2cm and an inner radius of 0.5m and a thermal conductivity of 40 W/m K. It is insulated from outside by a material of thickness 3cm and thermal conductivity of 2 W/m K. A fluid of temperature 500oC is flowing through the pipe which has a convection coefficient of 20 W/m2 K. The fluid outside the insulation has a temperature of 20oC and a convection coefficient of 3 W/m2.K. Calculate the overall thermal resistance and heat flow per unit length of the pipe.
6. A thin wall copper tube of radius 5 mm is used to transport refrigerant. Heat is lost to the ambient, which is at a lower temperature. Verify that there is an optimum thickness associated with the application of insulation that can be used on the tube given in terms of the critical insulation radius (rcrit). State all the assumptions used in the above. The conductivity of the cellular glass insulation proposed in this case is 0.055 W/mK and the outer surface convective coefficient is 5 W/m2 K. Calculate the critical insulation radius and sketch the expected variation of the thermal resistance with radius of insulation used.

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