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Assignment 4 - A22

The document is an assignment from a Transport Phenomena course at the Indian Institute of Technology Bombay. It contains 10 problems related to heat transfer through composite walls, insulation thickness, transient heat diffusion, heat transfer in cylindrical coordinates, optimum insulation thickness, temperature distributions, and maximum allowable current in an insulated conductor. Students are instructed to solve the problems individually, discuss with others while citing them, and submit in PDF or Excel format by the given deadline.

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viky kava
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92 views

Assignment 4 - A22

The document is an assignment from a Transport Phenomena course at the Indian Institute of Technology Bombay. It contains 10 problems related to heat transfer through composite walls, insulation thickness, transient heat diffusion, heat transfer in cylindrical coordinates, optimum insulation thickness, temperature distributions, and maximum allowable current in an insulated conductor. Students are instructed to solve the problems individually, discuss with others while citing them, and submit in PDF or Excel format by the given deadline.

Uploaded by

viky kava
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BOMBAY

Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science

MM 659: TRANSPORT PHENOMENA: 2022-23 (Autumn)

Assignment 4 Submit: Oct 12, 2022


NOTE: 1. Assignment should be submitted on teams in pdf and/or excel format.
2. Feel free to discuss with other students but you must solve problems on your own. Give
credit to the person for discussion by explicitly mentioning his/her name
3. Any incident of plagiarism shall be forwarded to academic section for the action as per
institute rules.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1. Use heat balance in a control volume to derive the transient heat diffusion
equation in 3-D cylindrical coordinate (r, φ and z) system.  Assume properties
of the materials to be uniform and does not change with temperature. The del
operator in cylindrical coordinate is given below. You may refer to lecture 16
for a similar derivation in the the Cartesian coordinate system.
∇=
∂
i+
1 ∂
∂r r ∂ϕ ( )∂
j+ k
∂z

2. An ice chest is constructed of Styrofoam [k=0.033 W/m oC] with inside


dimension of 25 by 40 by 100 cm. The wall thickness is 5.0 cm. The outside of
the chest is exposed to air at 25 oC with h=10 W/m2oC. If the chest is completely
filled with ice, calculate the time for the ice to completely melt. State your
assumptions. The heat of fusion is 330 KJ/kg.

3. A spherical tank, 1 m in diameter, is maintained at a temperature of 120 0C and


exposed to a convection environment. With h= 25 W/m2oC and Too=150C, what
thickness of urethane foam should be added to ensure that the outer temperature of
the insulation does not exceed 400C? What is the percentage reduction in heat loss
results from installing this insulation?

4. A plane wall is a composite of two materials, A and B. The wall of material A


has uniform heat generation 1.5 MW/m3, kA = 75 W/m.K, and thickness LA = 50
mm. The wall material B has no generation with k B = 150 W/m.K and thickness LB
= 20 mm. The inner surface of material A is well insulated, while the outer surface
of material B is cooled by a water stream with T ∞=¿ 30°C and h = 1000 W/m2.K.
(a) Sketch the temperature distribution that exists in the composite under steady
state conditions.
(b) Determine the temperature T0 of the insulated surface and the temperature T2 of
the cooled surface.

5. The possible existence of an optimum insulation thickness for cylindrical


systems is suggested by the presence of competing effects associated with an
increase in thickness. In particular, although the conduction resistance increases
with the addition of insulation, the convection resistance decreases due to
increasing outer surface area. Hence there may exist an insulation thickness that
minimizes heat loss by maximizing the total resistance to heat transfer.
(a) Consider a thin-walled copper tube of radius ri used to transport a low-
temperature refrigerant and is at a temperature Ti that is less than that of the
ambient air at T ∞ around the tube. Is there an optimum thickness associated with
application of insulation to the tube?

(b) Confirm the above result by computing the total thermal resistance per unit
length of tube for a 10 mm diameter tube having the insulation thickness in the
range of 0 – 50 mm. The thermal conductivity of the insulation is 0.055 W/m.K.

6. A steam pipe of outside radius r 1=4 cm, is covered with a layer of asbestos
insulation of thickness L1=1cm, thermal conductivity k1=0.15 W/moC which is
covered in turn with a fiber glass insulation of thickness L 2=3cm and thermal
conductivity k2=0.05 W/moC. The surface of the steam pipe is at temperature 300 oC
and the outside surface of the fibre glass insulation is at 30oC.
a) Determine the interface temperature between the asbestos and the fibre glass
insulation.
b) Determine the heat transfer rate per 1 m length of pipe.
c) Plot the variation of Heat transfer rate with different temperature of steam from
100,150,200,250 and 300 0C in EXCEL sheets assuming fibre glass insulation
temperature is fixed at 30oC.

7. A house has a composite wall of wood, fiberglass insulation, and plaster board,
as indicated in the sketch. On a cold winter day, the convection heat transfer
coefficients are hO =60 W/m2 K and hi =30 W/m2 K. The total wall surface area is
350 m2.
(a) Determine a symbolic expression for the total thermal resistance of the wall,
including inside and outside convection effects for the prescribed conditions.
(b) Determine the total heat loss through the wall.
(c) If the wind were blowing violently, raising ho to 300 W/m2 K, determine the
percentage increase in the heat loss.
(d) What is the controlling resistance that determines the amount of heat flow
through the wall?

8. The wall of a drying oven is constructed by sandwiching an insulation material


of thermal conductivity k= 0.05 W/mK between thin metal sheets. The oven air is
at Too,i = 300C, and the corresponding convection coefficient is hi =30 W/m2 K. The
inner wall surface absorbs a radiant flux of q”rad = 100 W/m2 from hotter objects
within the oven. The room air is at Too,o= 25C, and the overall coefficient for
convection and radiation from the outer surface is ho=10 W/m2 K.

(a) Draw the thermal circuit for the wall and label all temperatures, heat rates, and
thermal resistances.
(b) What insulation thickness L is required to maintain the outer wall surface at a
safe-to-touch temperature of To = 40C?
(c) Plot the variation of outer wall surface with the variation in insulation thickness
in EXCEL submit the excel sheet also.
9. An electrical conductor of copper with a diameter of 10 mm is covered with a
plastic insulation of thickness 10 mm.  The temperature of its surroundings is 20
°C. Find the maximum current carried by the conductor so that no part of the
plastic is above 80 °C. Use thermal conductivity of copper = 400 W/mK, thermal
conductivity of plastic 0.5 W/mK , h= 8 W/m2K, specific electric resistance of
copper = 3×10-8 ohm-m.

 10. A finned surface consists of root or base area of 1 m 2 and fin surface area of 2
m2. The average heat transfer coefficient for finned surface is 20 W/m2K. The
effectiveness of fins provided is 0.75. If finned surface with root or base
temperature of 50 °C is transferring heat to a fluid at 30 °C, then what is the rate of
heat transfer?

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