3852 Best Pract 2
3852 Best Pract 2
3852 Best Pract 2
2 Developing a
Web Site Strategy
4 Defining the
Web Site Concept
4 7
7 Web Site Anatomy 101
Best Practices for Developing a Web Site, an Internet.com Project Management eBook. © 2008, Jupitermedia Corp.
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I
n the mid-1990s the business question of the day was “Do
you have a Web site?” A well-designed Web site was a preparation and a well thought out strategy. You should
new and exciting marketing medium that businesses and never adopt a quick-and-dirty solution simply because
users alike saw as a novel, nice-to-have tool. Fast-forward a the advertisement for a particular Web tool boasts that
decade and nice-to-have has given way to necessity, and it can get you up and running in 20 minutes.
questions of Web presence have given way to questions of Professional Web sites don’t come in a box — they
Web purpose. need to be created, not unwrapped.
“
A truly effective Web site reflects not only the image
of the business, but also its objectives.
2 ”
Best Practices for Developing a Web Site, an Internet.com Project Management eBook. © 2008, Jupitermedia Corp.
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Your Web site must convey a message about your busi- must logically do with your Web site. Try to observe a
ness to potential clients and customers. Unfortunately, three-to-one ratio of functional content and design ele-
many business owners place too much emphasis on the ments to non-functional, purely esthetic elements.
flash and not enough on the substance. The purpose of
your Web site’s design is to complement its message, Maintaining this balance, however, can be difficult for
not overshadow it. People rarely go to a Web site sole- some — especially businesses developing their very
ly to ooh and aah the design — and if they do, they’re first Web site. People can be easily blinded by their
unlikely to return because non-functional design gim- enthusiasm for design because that’s always the fun
micks can get old very quickly. part. Content and functionality seem too much like
work in comparison. But a well-rounded Web site must
When planning your Web site, it’s important to keep in be equal parts form and function; otherwise, it will
mind that what you can technologically do with your seem a little lopsided. I
Web site should never take precedence over what you
3 Best Practices for Developing a Web Site, an Internet.com Project Management eBook. © 2008, Jupitermedia Corp.
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T
he most challenging part of building a Web site
is not so much the nuts and bolts of develop- • Industry type
ment; it’s the planning and conceptualization. • Target audience
Before any actual designing and development can • Web site’s purpose
take place, you need to define your Web site’s main • Web site goals
purpose, what message you wish to convey, and how • Online expectations
this message will be conveyed. • Long-term business goals
“
Before any actual designing and development can take place, you need
to define your Web site’s main purpose, what message you wish to
convey, and how this message will be conveyed.
4 ”
Best Practices for Developing a Web Site, an Internet.com Project Management eBook. © 2008, Jupitermedia Corp.
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Are You Redesigning
Brands are used to promote a business in various forms
an Existing Site?
of media, from TV and radio ads to business cards and
letterheads to brochures and posters — and of course,
Web sites. But a branded Web site must go beyond
Web sites, like everything else, have a life
sticking a company logo on a Web page.
cycle. Sometimes they need to be updated, and
sometimes they need to be redesigned entirely.
Web sites differ from other forms of promotion. They
require the Web developer to understand not only how Whatever the case may be, you must under-
audiences interpret visual content such as a hard copy stand your motivation for doing it. Are you
brochure, but also how audiences interact with multi- looking to change some design elements to
media content. The advent of blogs and other Web 2.0 freshen up an outdated design? Are you updat-
technologies over the last several years have given ing the entire site to reflect a new brand identi-
businesses even more creative and interactive ways of ty? Or are you redesigning your site for the
promoting brand identity. sake of redesigning it?
Although Web sites provide innumerable possibilities, Web site redesign projects must be purpose-
your business must already have an established brand. driven. They shouldn’t be done simply because
You should never undertake a Web design or redesign you’re bored with your site and have nothing
project if your business is undergoing an identity crisis, else better to do. Your redesign must con-
tribute something to your business and, more
importantly, to your audience. Doing it for the
or if you haven’t yet determined how you want your
5 Best Practices for Developing a Web Site, an Internet.com Project Management eBook. © 2008, Jupitermedia Corp.
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always have to follow up by saying, “That’s ‘write’ as “MyCompanyhyphenNamedotcom” is fine, but saying
in writing a letter.” “MyhyphenCompanyhyphenNamedotcom” is far too
d. Using acronyms to substitute a long business cumbersome.
name. For example, when spoken, “V’s” will sound
like “B’s”, “X’s” will sound like “S”, and so son. Plus, 6. Be conscious of word arrangement. Sometimes, due
no one will remember a name like “aiwsdd.com”! to an unfortunate arrangement of words, a hyphen is
necessary to protect the integrity of your brand identi-
4. Keep it short. For clarity, avoid using more than three ty. For example, the IT support community Web site
or four separate words. AcmeDesigns.com is OK, but Experts Exchange wisely used a hyphen in their
AcmeIncWebSiteDesignAndDevelopment.com is too domain name, www.experts-exchange.com. Without
much. the hyphen, the domain name can be interpreted as
www.ExpertSexChange.com. Even minor things like
5. Try to avoid using hyphens because they can be awk- word arrangement can affect the image of your
ward to say aloud. If you must use a hyphen (see the brand. I
next point), use only one. Saying
6 Best Practices for Developing a Web Site, an Internet.com Project Management eBook. © 2008, Jupitermedia Corp.
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W
hen people hear “Web site” they immediately
think of its design, the flash and the wow-factor. down menus, and pop-up windows. Whatever mecha-
But Web sites are made up of many interrelated nism you choose, it must remain consistent throughout
components that are dependent on your specific business the site. Don’t use a drop-down menu on one page
and goals. and a pop-up window in another.
Although every business has its own Web site vision, Site and content architecture: Site and content architec-
most sites have a basic set of components that need to ture defines the physical organization components
be included and issues that need to be addressed (such as applications and databases) and content. Site
regardless of the business: administration, manageability, and security will greatly
influence your architecture.
Design elements: Design
elements define a Web site’s Content: The content you
look and feel. They include wish to present to users.
layout (e.g., minimalist, spa- This can include information
cious, multi-columned), about your company’s histo-
typography (e.g., traditional, ry, employees, and mission;
modern, unconventional), information about your
and color scheme (e.g., products and/or services; a
bold, subdued, monochro- portfolio of work; a list of
matic). past projects and clients;
and contact information.
Site navigation: Site naviga-
tion type defines the logical Content formats: The for-
Jupiterimages
organization of content. It’s mat of your content.
the mechanism by which users navigate from one loca- Common Web site content formats include text,
tion to another. Common navigation types include images, PDF files, and audio and video files.
tiered menus (parent-child), sequential menus (brother-
sister), and site maps (overview). Style and tone of content: The style of your design ele-
ments and the tone of your Web copy will define the
Site navigation mechanism: The manner in which the overall mood of your Web site. Style and tone can be
navigation is carried out and represented. Common formal, casual, humorous, or offbeat.
“
The style of your design elements and the tone of your Web copy
will define the overall mood of your Web site. Style and tone can be
formal, casual, humorous, or offbeat.
7 ”
Best Practices for Developing a Web Site, an Internet.com Project Management eBook. © 2008, Jupitermedia Corp.
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Optional components: In addition to the basic compo- The following checklist will help you piece together the
nents described above, you can also make use of many anatomy of your Web site (Note: If you already have a
other Web site features: blogs, streaming media, online Web site, and are undergoing a site redesign, some
chatting, search engine, search engine optimization components can be reused or retrofitted):
plan, interactive applications, electronic shopping cart
(for e-commerce sites), just to name a few.
Site navigation
Tiered menus
Sequential menus
Site maps
Content
Content types
8 Best Practices for Developing a Web Site, an Internet.com Project Management eBook. © 2008, Jupitermedia Corp.
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T
here’s perhaps no bigger single decision affecting the
outcome of your Web site than deciding on who will ative impact on their business and their ability to win
build it. It takes a talented potential clients and cus-
Web site designer to properly tomers. People aren’t always
represent your business in digital forgiving of established busi-
form. Unfortunately, because nesses that have poorly
modern Web design tools make it designed Web sites.
so easy to whip up a site, too
many businesses try to save Those charged with building a
money by taking shortcuts. professional Web site must be
equal parts designer, developer,
Although businesses may save information architect, and mar-
Jupiterimages
hard dollars by foregoing pro- keter. It requires expertise in the
fessional Web development services, they don’t real- following fields:
Here's a look at the pros and cons of developing your Web site in-house or outsourcing the job:
Pros Cons
In-house • Gives you 100% control over the project. • Must have equal expertise in design,
development, marketing, and communications.
• Keeps talent and knowledge in-house, allowing
for future enhancements, modifications, and • Unless already familiar with Web site concepts
redesigns without having to incur the additional and technologies, there’s a learning curve that
expense of rehiring outside designers. your schedule might not accommodate.
Outsource • Professional Web site designers build sites for a • Web site design and development expertise
living and know all the ins and outs of site can come with a hefty price tag.
development.
• You will have to rehire Web site designers
• Can drastically cut down on implementation if you decide to make enhancements or
time since there’s no learning curve problem. upgrades in the future.
9 Best Practices for Developing a Web Site, an Internet.com Project Management eBook. © 2008, Jupitermedia Corp.
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In-house: Are You Ready Are you ready to commit to a deadline and accept
responsibility for the project?
to Do It Yourself? A Web site can help a business land new contracts
Those tasked with the responsibility of building a Web and open new markets, but it doesn’t bring in any
site must have an understanding of the fundamental direct revenue (unless you’re building an e-commerce
principles and concepts associated with Web devel- site). As a result of this, your professional Web site
opment. You won’t do yourself or your business any often takes a backseat to other revenue-generating
favors by leaving the job in the hands of a tasks. And more often than not you’ll wind up saying;
Communications intern with a dog-eared copy of “I’ll work on my Web site when I have time.” This can
Learn Dreamweaver in 10 Days. So before you com- drag on indefinitely. If you’re going to build it in-
mit to building your own Web site, answer these keys house, you have to treat it as a real priority or it will
questions first: never get done.
10 Best Practices for Developing a Web Site, an Internet.com Project Management eBook. © 2008, Jupitermedia Corp.
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Assess background, credibility, experience, and What are they going to deliver?
knowledge It’s normal to call your Web site designer when you
Not all Web site designers are created equal. need drastic changes to the site’s structure or design,
Unfortunately, there are plenty of designers claiming but you must be able to manage the content without
to be so-called experts who are more than happy to them. Make sure that your designer provides you with
charge you a premium for their services. It’s your job the means and ability to perform content updates,
to separate the professionals from the wannabes. and that they won’t “lock” your content in binary files.
Interview your potential designers and developers, For instance, it will be impossible for a business to
review their portfolio, and ask for a list of their previ- manage its content on a purely Flash-based Web site
ous clients. Also, take a close look at their Web site. if it doesn’t have a Flash development tool and the
Be wary of Web site designers who profess to know knowledge to use it. No business should ever have to
what you need and extol the virtues of a professional- be at the mercy of its designer every time it wants to
ly designed Web site but have a shoddy Web site update Web content or correct a typo.
themselves.
Another thing to be wary of are Web sites delivered
Speak with past clients with a proprietary content management system
When interviewing your potential designers, you know (CMS). Some people appreciate this because it allows
that they’re going to promise you the moon because them to manage their content without having to deal
they want to win the contract. But experience tells us with the technology and inner workings of their Web
that what’s promised isn’t always what’s delivered. Ask site. Others, however, may find these proprietary
“
When interviewing your potential designers, you know that they’re
going to promise you the moon because they want to win the contract
11 Best Practices for Developing a Web Site, an Internet.com Project Management eBook. © 2008, Jupitermedia Corp.
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Evaluating Web Site Designers
Criteria Designer 1 Designer 2 Designer 3
Years in businesses
Previous clients
Vendor neutral?
Technologies/tools favored
Post-production training
1The size of a design company should only be used to gauge its ability to handle large projects, never to gauge
the quality of its work. A talented solo freelance designer working out of a home office and a large company with
30 designers can both build a professional Web presence site. But the larger company will have the luxury of allo-
cating multiple designers for a complex e-commerce site, thus cutting down development time. I
12 Best Practices for Developing a Web Site, an Internet.com Project Management eBook. © 2008, Jupitermedia Corp.
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W
here your Web site will be hosted depends on
your site components and business needs. There isn’t too low. You’ll most likely incur additional charges
are plenty of service providers to choose from, for exceeding your allotted monthly transfer limit.
each trying to outdo its competitors and promising to offer
more for less money. Your job is to wade through all the E-mail support: If your business doesn’t have its own
marketing and find a Web site host that meets your current dedicated mail server, you’ll need to make sure the
needs while still having enough wiggle room to accommo- Web site host provides an adequate number of e-mail
date future expansion. boxes for all your employees as well as adequate stor-
age per mailbox.
Take a bird’s eye view look at
all potential Web site hosts Technology support: If your
and evaluate: Web site is going to contain
user applications (e.g., PHP,
Cost: Most Web site hosts Perl, .NET) and/or databas-
charge by the month but will es (e.g., MySQL, MS-Access,
offer substantial discounts for PostgreSQL), check to see if
one year or multi-year con- the Web site host actually
tracts. supports them.
“
Your job is to wade through all the marketing and find a Web site
host that meets your current needs while still having enough wiggle
room to accommodate future expansion
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Best Practices for Developing a Web Site, an Internet.com Project Management eBook. © 2008, Jupitermedia Corp.
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narrow down your choices until you arrive at a suitable Web site host:
E-mail
Number of mailboxes included
Size per mailbox
Attachment size limit
Virus protection
Spam filtering
POP3 and SMTP support
IMAP support
Catch all address
Autoresponders
Web-based e-mail access
Development Support
CGI-BIN directory
Directory security
Server-side include support
PHP
Perl
ASP
.NET
Database Support
MS-Access
MS-SQL
MySQL
Oracle
DB2
PostgreSQL
continued
14 Best Practices for Developing a Web Site, an Internet.com Project Management eBook. © 2008, Jupitermedia Corp.
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Evaluating Web Site Hosts continued
To avoid the administration hassles of having to deal with a separate Web site host and domain name registrar,
register your domain name with the same service provider as your Web site host. Or better yet, choose a Web site
host that includes a free domain name registration.
If, however, you would like to register and park your domain name for safekeeping, but are not ready to subscribe
to a Web site hosting package, the following table can be used to evaluate potential domain name registrars sep-
arately from Web site hosts:
15 Best Practices for Developing a Web Site, an Internet.com Project Management eBook. © 2008, Jupitermedia Corp.
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3-D Vision in a 2-D World business and your Web site. A lack of vision in your 3-D
world will carry over to your 2-D world. Eventually, peo-
Many professional Web sites fail due to poor planning ple will simply stop paying attention to both. I
and strategy. Some businesses do a haphazard job
because they just want to get it out of the way; others Paul Chin (www.paulchinonline.com) is a freelance
are so excited about seeing themselves on the Web writer and journalist. He has previously worked in the
that they make foolish decisions without thinking them aerospace and competitive intelligence industries as a
through. software developer and intranet specialist. He currently
writes on a wide range of IT topics, including systems
Before starting your Web site project, you need to have development and security, digital communications and
a clear view of what you want to accomplish with your media, content management and Web design.
16 Best Practices for Developing a Web Site, an Internet.com Project Management eBook. © 2008, Jupitermedia Corp.