505 Enhanced Service Manual V2

Technical Manual 26347V2 (Revision G)
Original Instructions
505 Enhanced Digital Control for Steam Turbines (with Redundancy)

9907-1181, 9907-1182, 9907-1183
Manual 26347 consists of 2 volumes (26347V1 & 26347V2).
Volume 2Installation and Operation
DEFINITIONS
This is the safety alert symbol. It is used to alert you to potential personal injury hazards. Obey all safety messages that follow this symbol to avoid possible injury or death. DANGERIndicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury. WARNINGIndicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury. CAUTIONIndicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury. NOTICEIndicates a hazard that could result in property damage only (including damage to the control). IMPORTANTDesignates an operating tip or maintenance suggestion.
The engine, turbine, or other type of prime mover should be equipped with an overspeed shutdown device to protect against runaway or damage to the prime mover with possible personal injury, loss of life, or property damage. The overspeed shutdown device must be totally independent of the prime mover control system. An overtemperature or overpressure shutdown device may also be needed for safety, as appropriate.
Read this entire manual and all other publications pertaining to the work to be performed before installing, operating, or servicing this equipment. Practice all plant and safety instructions and precautions. Failure to follow instructions can cause personal injury and/or property damage.
This publication may have been revised or updated since this copy was produced. To verify that you have the latest revision, be sure to check the publications page on the Woodward website: www.woodward.com/searchpublications.aspx The current revision and distribution restriction of all publications are shown in manual 26311. The latest version of most publications is available on the publications page. If your publication is not there, please contact your customer service representative to get the latest copy.
Any unauthorized modifications to or use of this equipment outside its specified mechanical, electrical, or other operating limits may cause personal injury and/or property damage, including damage to the equipment. Any such unauthorized modifications: (i) constitute "misuse" and/or "negligence" within the meaning of the product warranty thereby excluding warranty coverage for any resulting damage, and (ii) invalidate product certifications or listings.
To prevent damage to a control system that uses an alternator or battery-charging device, make sure the charging device is turned off before disconnecting the battery from the system.
To prevent damage to electronic components caused by improper handling, read and observe the precautions in Woodward manual 82715, Guide for Handling and Protection of Electronic Controls, Printed Circuit Boards, and Modules.
RevisionsText changes are indicated by a black line alongside the text.
Woodward reserves the right to update any portion of this publication at any time. Information provided by Woodward is believed to be correct and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Woodward unless otherwise expressly undertaken.
Woodward 2007 All Rights Reserved
Manual 26347V2
505 Digital Governor for Single/Split-Range Actuators
Contents
ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE AWARENESS ................................................. IV INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................ 1 CHAPTER 1. PERIPHERAL DEVICES .............................................................. 2 Overview .................................................................................................................2 Tunable Upload/Download (old Servlink) ...............................................................2 Interfacing to Control Assistant (Service Tool) .......................................................2 Servo Position Controller (SPC) .............................................................................2 Utilizing Redundant 505 Units ................................................................................4 Applying the 505 with Redundant I/H or I/P Converters.......................................12 CHAPTER 2. APPLICATION NOTES ............................................................. 15 Overview ...............................................................................................................15 Example Applications ...........................................................................................16 CHAPTER 3. OPERATOR INTERFACE .......................................................... 46 Introduction ...........................................................................................................46 Keypad and Display..............................................................................................46 Service Panel Modes............................................................................................47 Using the Service Mode .......................................................................................47 CHAPTER 4. SERVICE MODE PROCEDURES ................................................ 67 Overview ...............................................................................................................67 The 505 Service Mode .........................................................................................68 Service Mode Blocks ............................................................................................78 Service Mode Worksheet Parameters..................................................................80 CHAPTER 5. UNDERSTANDING PID SETTINGS .......................................... 103 Overview .............................................................................................................103 Proportional Response .......................................................................................104 Proportional + Integral (closed loop) ..................................................................106 Derivative Response ..........................................................................................107 Proportional + Derivative (closed loop) ..............................................................108 Proportional + Integral + Derivative (closed loop) ..............................................110 Controller Field Tuning General .........................................................................111 CHAPTER 6. HARDWARE/OPERATING SYSTEM FAULTS ............................ 114 General ...............................................................................................................114 APPENDIX A. 505 DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS ............................................. 118 Hardware Specifications .....................................................................................118 Software Specifications ......................................................................................121 APPENDIX B. 505 SERVICE MODE WORKSHEET ....................................... 122 APPENDIX C. PASSWORD INFORMATION .................................................. 126
General ...............................................................................................................126 Service Mode Password .....................................................................................126 Debug Mode Password ......................................................................................126 Configure Mode Password .................................................................................127 OS_FAULTS Mode Password ............................................................................127 Download Configuration Function Password .....................................................127
APPENDIX D. CONTROL ASSISTANTSOFTWARE INTERFACE TOOL ......... 128
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Illustrations and Tables

Figure 1-1. Servo Position Controller .....................................................................3 Figure 1-2. Interface to Servo Position Controller ..................................................3 Figure 1-3. Real Power Sensor ..............................................................................4 Figure 1-4. Redundant Interface Connections .......................................................5 Figure 1-5. EGCP-3 Control ...................................................................................8 Figure 1-6. EGCP-3 LS Functional Diagram ..........................................................8 Figure 1-7. EGCP-3 LS Interface Wiring ................................................................9 Figure 1-8. EGCP-3 MC Functional Diagram .......................................................11 Figure 1-9. Typical Redundant I/H System with a Transfer Valve .......................13 Figure 1-10. Typical Redundant I/P System with a Pressure Selecting Relay Valve ................................................................................................13 Figure 2-1. Pump or Compressor Discharge Pressure Control with Turbine Inlet Pressure Limiting .............................................................................18 Figure 2-2. Inlet Pressure Control with Automatic Synchronizing & Generator Power Limiting .................................................................................21 Figure 2-3. Exhaust Pressure Control with Generator Power Limiting and Plant Import/Export Limiting ......................................................................25 Figure 2-4. Plant Import/Export Control with DRFD Servo Interface....................30 Figure 2-5. Inlet Pressure Control with Isochronous Load Sharing Control in Island Mode .....................................................................................34 Figure 2-6. Import/Export Control or Exhaust Pressure Control with Isoch Load Sharing in Island Mode ....................................................................37 Figure 2-7. Redundant 505 configuration for Pump or Compressor Discharge Pressure Control with Turbine Inlet Pressure Limiting ....................42 Figure 3-1. 505 Keypad and Display ....................................................................46 Figure 3-2. Software Structure Overview .............................................................48 Figure 3-3. The Select Mode Level ......................................................................49 Figure 3-4. Header Level ......................................................................................49 Figure 3-5. Block Level .........................................................................................50 Figure 3-6. Debug Information Arrangement........................................................56 Figure 3-7. OS_FAULTS Mode Information Arrangement ...................................57 Figure 3-8. SYS_INFO Mode Information Arrangement ......................................62 Figure 4-1. Service Mode Entry ............................................................................67 Figure 4-2a. Service Mode Blocks........................................................................69 Figure 4-2b. Service Mode Blocks........................................................................70 Figure 4-2c. Service Mode Blocks ........................................................................71 Figure 4-2d. Service Mode Blocks........................................................................72 Figure 4-2e. Service Mode Blocks........................................................................73 Figure 4-2f. Service Mode Blocks.........................................................................74 Figure 4-2g. Service Mode Blocks........................................................................75 Figure 4-2h. Service Mode Blocks........................................................................76 Figure 4-2i. Service Mode Blocks .........................................................................77 Figure 5-1. Proportional Gain Setting Effects .....................................................104 Figure 5-2. Open Loop Proportional and Integral Response .............................105 Figure 5-3. Closed Loop Proportional and Integral Response ...........................106 Figure 5-4. Integral Gain (Reset) Setting Responses ........................................107 Figure 5-5. Closed Loop Proportional and Derivative Action .............................109 Figure 5-6. Derivative Setting Effects .................................................................109 Figure 5-7. Closed Loop Proportional, Integral and Derivative Action ...............110 Figure 5-8. Typical Response to Load Change ..................................................112 Figure D-1. Control Assistant License Agreement .............................................128 Figure D-2. Control Assistant Install Window .....................................................128 Figure D-3. Control Assistant Folder Selection ..................................................129
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Illustrations and Tables

Figure D-4. Control Assistant Install Complete ..................................................129 Figure D-5. Control Assistant Restart Window ...................................................129 Figure D-6. Control Assistant Tunable Connection Choice.............................130 Figure D-7. Control Assistant Receiving Tunables (Transferring)...................131 Figure D-8. Control Assistant Open Tunable File ...........................................131 Figure D-9. Control Assistant Receiving Tunables (Transferring)...................132 Figure D-10. Control Assistant OPC Connection ............................................133 Figure D-11. Control Assistant Port Connection .............................................133 Figure D-12. Servlink-to-OPC Server Creating interface file...........................134 Figure D-13. Control Assistant Create Trend Script File .................................134 Figure D-14. Control Assistant Trend Screen .................................................135 Figure D-15. I/O Lock Confirmation....................................................................136 Figure D-16. Control Assistant Save Confirmation .........................................136 Table 2-1. Example Summary ..............................................................................17
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Electrostatic Discharge Awareness

All electronic equipment is static-sensitive, some components more than others. To protect these components from static damage, you must take special precautions to minimize or eliminate electrostatic discharges. Follow these precautions when working with or near the control. 1. Before doing maintenance on the electronic control, discharge the static electricity on your body to ground by touching and holding a grounded metal object (pipes, cabinets, equipment, etc.). Avoid the build-up of static electricity on your body by not wearing clothing made of synthetic materials. Wear cotton or cotton-blend materials as much as possible because these do not store static electric charges as much as synthetics. Keep plastic, vinyl, and Styrofoam materials (such as plastic or Styrofoam cups, cup holders, cigarette packages, cellophane wrappers, vinyl books or folders, plastic bottles, and plastic ash trays) away from the control, the modules, and the work area as much as possible. Do not remove the printed circuit board (PCB) from the control cabinet unless absolutely necessary. If you must remove the PCB from the control cabinet, follow these precautions: Do not touch any part of the PCB except the edges. Do not touch the electrical conductors, the connectors, or the components with conductive devices or with your hands. When replacing a PCB, keep the new PCB in the plastic antistatic protective bag it comes in until you are ready to install it. Immediately after removing the old PCB from the control cabinet, place it in the antistatic protective bag. To prevent damage to electronic components caused by improper handling, read and observe the precautions in Woodward manual 82715, Guide for Handling and Protection of Electronic Controls, Printed Circuit Boards, and Modules.
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Manual 26347V2
Introduction
Manual 26347 Volume 2 is a dual-purpose manual. It includes applicationspecific notes and 505-specific Service mode information. The first part of this volume gives users an idea of the 505 Digital Controls capabilities, and how to apply them to a system. Typical applications are schematically shown and their functionality explained. Programming and Start/Run mode notes are given for each application to assist application programmers in configuring the 505 for their application. The second part of this volume includes 505 program modes not covered in Volume 1 of this manual (Service, Debug, SYS_INFO, OPSYS Faults), PID dynamic setting specifics, and Hardware rating information.
General Installation and Operating Notes and Warnings

This equipment is suitable for use in Class I, Division 2 , Groups A, B, C, and D (Class I, Zone 2, Group IIC) or non-hazardous locations. This equipment is suitable for use in European Zone 2, Group II environments per compliance with EN60079-15, Electrical apparatus for explosive atmospheres Type of protection n These listings are limited only to those units bearing the certification identification. Field wiring must be stranded copper wire rated at least 75 C for operating ambient temperatures expected to exceed 50 C. Peripheral equipment must be suitable for the location in which it is used. Wiring must be in accordance with North American Class I, Division 2 or European Zone 2 wiring methods as applicable, and in accordance with the authority having jurisdiction. EXPLOSION HAZARDDo not connect or disconnect while circuit is live unless area is known to be non-hazardous. Substitution of components may impair suitability for Class I, Division 2.
RISQUE DEXPLOSIONNe pas raccorder ni dbrancher tant que linstallation est sous tension, sauf en cas lambiance est dcidment non dangereuse. La substitution de composants peut rendre ce matriel inacceptable pour les emplacements de Classe I, Division 2.
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Chapter 1. Peripheral Devices

Overview
This chapter provides a brief explanation of peripheral devices that can be used with the 505. By understanding the functionality of a peripheral device, a better understanding of the overall control configuration can be achieved. All the devices covered in this section are manufactured or supported by Woodward. Peripheral devices manufactured by other companies can be used with the 505 to perform the functions detailed bellow, however, the compatibility of them to the 505 and the application should be verified before system operation. Our experience has been that not all serial interfaces on laptops or Desktop PCs work the same. Many USB-to-Serial converters work, but some do not.
Tunable Upload/Download (old Servlink)

Refer to the Appendices of this volume for instruction on using the Service port to Upload/Download Tunables. This is no longer the default configuration for this port in the 505 Enhanced. The default for this port provides an SOS Servlink OPC Server interface in order to allow Monitor GAP and Control Assistant applications to interface with the 505.
Interfacing to Control Assistant (Service Tool)

Refer to the Appendices of this volume for instruction on using Woodwards Control Assistant Software Service Tool (Version 3.4 or newer).\
Servo Position Controller (SPC)

A Servo Position Controller (SPC) can be used to interface the 505 digital controls to existing valve operators or Woodward actuators that are integrating in action or are not compatible with the 505 directly. The 505s actuator outputs have the capability of driving a 420 mA or 20160 mA (200 mA max) proportional signal into an actuator coil. These 505 actuator output signals represent a demand signal equal to desired valve position (proportional). If the applications actuator or servo assembly requires a different drive signal, or control action (integrating with a null setting), an SPC or equivalent device must be used. Woodward Servo Position Controller (SPC) accept a 420 mA actuator-drive signal proportional to desired valve position, and positions a servo assembly accordingly. Woodward SPCs have the capability of driving unipolar or bipolar actuator demand signals, up to 0400 mA or +400 mA respectively, on proportional or integrating servo assembles. 2 Woodward
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Figure 1-1. Servo Position Controller
The SPC comes with a user-friendly software interface program that allows the user to configure the unit to the desired settings. Consult the SPC manual for complete details on the types of actuators to which the SPC can interface. Below is one example of how the 505 and SPC can be used on Integrating Servo Valves. The SPC can also handle many variations of feedback devices.
505
52 + 53 54 sh 4-20 mA Demand
SPC
7 + 8 + 37 9 sh - 38 sh 39 13 + 14 15 sh 1 + 2 3 sh TWISTED PAIR
Transducer Excitation
DIODE
LVDT/ RVDT 1A
COIL
SINGLE COIL ACTUATOR
Figure 1-2. Interface to Servo Position Controller (Example of Integrating Actuator with a 4-wire Feedback device)
Real Power Sensor

A Real Power Sensor is used to sense the real power being produced by a generator, or flowing through a tie line. Woodward Real Power Sensors sense three phase volts, three phase amps, compare each phases voltage to current relationship, and develop a 420 mA output proportional to real power. Woodward manufactures two types of Real Power Sensors. The first type of RPS is designed to sense power flow in one direction only (0 to +5 A CT current only), and output a proportional 420 mA signal. This type of RPS was designed for and should be used to sense generator power output. Many different real power sensors of this type exist. Some of the optional RPS features include VAR sensing, Load sharing, 01 A CT current sensing, and multiple combinations of these. Please consult a Woodward certified distributor or a Woodward factory for the recommended RPS for your application.
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Figure 1-3. Real Power Sensor
The second type of RPS manufactured by Woodward is designed to sense power flow through a bus-to-bus tie line. This RPS (8272-726) senses 5 A to +5 A CT current to allow its output to represent power flow in both directions. This RPS provides a 420 mA power indication output signal where 12 mA represents 0 power flow. It is recommended that this RPS be used to sense power flow through a tie line only. This RPS or equivalent is required to sense plant Import and Export power. Woodward Real Power Sensors have terminals labeled Output and terminals labeled KW Readout. The KW Readout terminals provide a 420 mA signal proportional to real power which is used by and compatible with the 505 control. Thus the RPS terminals labeled Output are designed and typically compatible only to Woodwards 2301 type of control. Woodward manufactured Real Power Sensors have a 2.5 Hz Low pass filter (400 ms lag time) on their output to filter out the high frequency noise typically created in a switch gear type environment. Thus if another venders watt transducer is used, verification that it has similar filtering criteria should be performed before it is applied with the 505. For more information on Woodward Real Power Sensors, please refer to Woodward manual 82018.
Utilizing Redundant 505 Units

In order to take advantage of redundancy on the 505 control platform, the following interface wiring links must be made and the configuration parameters must be set as shown in the table below.
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Interface Wiring
On each unit connect Relay Output # 1 to the Contact Input # 1 on the other unit. A Modbus Communication link must be connected.
505 #1
Contact Outputs
505 #2
34 35 36 4
NC COM NO NC COM NO
34 35 36 4
Contact Outputs
Contact 24Vdc Contact Inputs
Contact 24Vdc Contact Inputs
16 #1 117 118 119 120 121

SHLD 422R+ 422R422T+ 422T-
#1 16
SHLD 422R+ 422R422T+ 422T-
Communication Port #1
117 118 119 120 121
Communication Port #1
Figure 1-4. Redundant Interface Connections
Configuration Settings
Operating Parameters: Redundant 505? Master 505? Use DI to XFER Control? Type of Actuator? Track Cascade status? Track Auxiliary status? Track Remote status? Communication Communications: Use Communications? Use Modbus Port 1 Mode: ASCII=1 RTU=2 Modbus Device # Port # 1 Driver Port # 1 Baud Rate Port # 1 Stop Bits Port # 1 Parity Contact Inputs: Redundant 505? Relays: Redundant 505? Function Keys: Redundant 505? YES YES in only one 505 NO in the other 505 NO (default) Dual Coil YES YES YES Configure Port #1
YES YES 2 1 2 10 1 1
YES
YES
YES
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Transferring Control
The default method of Transferring control between the units is to use the F3 function key. This key will illuminate on the unit that is presently In-control. Pressing this key will prompt the user for a confirmation YES to transfer control to the Tracking unit. If the interface links (DI, DO, and Modbus) are not healthy or if the other unit is known to be out of service then the Transfer will be disabled. If needed, the user can override this condition and transfer anyway. The alternate way of Transferring control is to configure a discrete input as a Select In-Control Unit command coming from a single selector switch that feeds both 505 units. This method will place the unit receiving this True signal as the In-Control unit. Be aware that with this method there is no override or confirmation to Transfer. If the interface links (DI, DO, and Modbus) are not healthy then the potential exists to trip the turbine or place both 505 units InControl. It is extremely important to configure both 505 units for the same method of Transfer (either a Discrete input or the F3 function key).
Engine Generator Control Package/Load Sharing (EGCP-3 LS)

The Woodward EGCP-3 LS control is a microprocessor based generator load control designed for use on three-phase ac generators with Woodward speed controls and automatic voltage regulators. The EGCP-3 LS is a synchronizer, a load control, a dead bus closing system, a VAR/PF control, a process control, Power & Energy metering and Protective Relays integrated into one package. The EGCP-3 LS has a keypad and two 4-line display panels on the front cabinet mounted chassis. The display can be used to configure and set up the control for site-specific requirements. The display is also used in normal operating service to monitor operation and view alarm data. All functions performed and parameters monitored by the front panel are also available through the three serial ports. These ports can be configured to use Woodward Watch Window software, an external HMI and Modbus communication, or Servlink DDE software. The 505 can be programmed to use the EGCP-3 LS as a synchronizer only, or as a synchronizer and load control. The EGCP-3 LS provides either phase match or slip frequency synchronizing, and ties into the unit automatic voltage regulator to match voltages before paralleling. It interfaces with the 505 via a Speed bias signal to control generator frequency and phase. When configured to use the EGCP-3 LS as a synchronizer only, the 505 must be programmed to receive the EGCP-3 Speed Bias signal through an analog input and have this input enabled through a contact input or function key. The EGCP-3 LS communicates over a LAN using a digital Echelon network with other system EGCP-3s to enable it to perform safe dead bus closings. Because the EGCP-3 LS performs all synchronizing functions simultaneously, synchronization typically takes only a few seconds. When used as a synchronizer and load control, the EGCP-3 LS performs automatic synchronization, and controls unit load based on the EGCP-3 s mode of operation. The EGCP-3 LS can be in a base-load, load sharing, remote load setting, or Process control mode, depending on configuration and system conditions. 6 Woodward
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The EGCP-3 LSs baseload mode of operation allows an operator to set the unit to a specified load. A proportional or integrating control action can be used with this mode of operation. The integrating mode of operation can be used with systems tying to an unstable grid to allow the unit to control at a constant load and not vary based on grid frequency. The EGCP-3 LSs load sharing mode is used to share load with any other units using a EGCP-3 LS and tied to the same isolated bus. This mode is used in conjunction with a EGCP-3 MC when paralleled to a utility to allow the EGCP-3 MC to control plant frequency or load depending on its state of operation. The EGCP-3 LSs remote load setting mode allows load to be set by a remote 4 20 mA signal. The EGCP-3 LSs Process control mode allows any process directly related to generator load to be controlled. When using the EGCP-3 LS as both a synchronizer and load control, the 505 control must be programmed to receive the Speed Bias signal through an analog input and have this input enabled through a contact input or function key. After synchronization, unit load can be controlled by the EGCP-3 LS (through the 505 Sync/Ld input) or by the 505s internal speed/load set point. When the Sync/Ld Share input is programmed, the position of the Utility Tie Breaker Contact selects unit load control through the EGCP-3 LS or through the 505s internal load set point. The EGCP-3 LS interfaces to the 505 via a Speed Bias signal or Raise /Lower Contacts. The 505s isolated analog #6 input is the only analog input that is directly compatible with the EGCP-3 LS. Once the generator is synchronized the EGCP-3 LS soft-loads the unit to the load setting determined by the mode of operation (base load, load sharing, Process control). When commanded the EGCP-3 LS can also soft-unload the unit and issue a breaker-open command at a set power level. The digital signal processing techniques are used to provide significantly improved accuracy and speed of response over conventional analog measurement techniques. Accuracy is improved using rapid sampling of the voltage and current signal waveforms and developing a true RMS measurement. Measuring true RMS power allows optimal accuracy, even in the presence of power line distortions. The PowerSense board receives the PT and CT inputs for both the generator and bus for calculation of parameters for the EGCP-3 to use in system control. The algorithms used are based on IEEE 1459-2000. For the generator and bus the following parameters are provided: Hz, Vac, Amps, W, VA, VAR, PF, Phase, Voltage harmonics, Current harmonics, Negative Phase Sequence Voltage, Negative Phase Sequence Current. Available for selection at the 420 mA analog outputs: Synchroscope, Generator metering, Mains metering.
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Figure 1-5. EGCP-3 Control
Figure 1-6. EGCP-3 LS Functional Diagram
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Figure 1-7. EGCP-3 LS Interface Wiring
The following Bus Protections are available with the EGCP-3 LS: Over/Under Voltage (59, 27) Over/Under Frequency (81O, 81U) Directional (Forward/Reverse) Power (32) * Negative Sequence Phase Overcurrent (46) Negative Sequence Phase Overvoltage (47) Phase Overcurrent (51) * Voltage Restrained Phase Overcurrent (51V) * Directional VAR Phase Current Imbalance (46) *
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The following Generator Protections are available with the EGCP-3 LS: Over/Under Voltage (59, 27) Over/Under Frequency (81O, 81U) Directional (Import/Export) Power (32)* Negative Sequence Phase Overcurrent (46) Negative Sequence Phase Overvoltage (47) Phase Overcurrent (51) * Directional VAR Phase Current Imbalance (46) * Speed/Frequency Mismatch
*Inverse Time Protections implemented are according to IEEE C37.112 Very Inverse curves.
The EGCP-3 LS requires a power source of +24 Vdc @ 1 A. The 505 power supplies cannot supply this much power, thus an external power supply may be required. For more information on Woodwards EGCP-3 LS Control, please refer to Woodward manuals 26122 and 26194.
Engine Generator Control Package/Master Control (EGCP-3 MC)

The Woodward EGCP-3 MC is a microprocessor based plant load control designed for use in three-phase electric power generation sites equipped with Woodward EGCP-3 LSs, which operate in parallel with the utility. The EGCP-3 MC is a tie-line synchronizer, a plant import/export load control, reactive load control (power factor), a master process control, Power & Energy metering, and Protective Relays integrated into one package. The EGCP-3 MC is equipped with a keypad and two 4-line display panels on the front cabinet mounted chassis. The display can be used to configure and set up the control for site-specific requirements. The display is also used to monitor operation and view alarm data. Remote monitoring equipment can be interfaced to the MC with Modbus or Woodward Servlink tools. Three serial communications ports are available on the MC. Two of these ports are dedicated for Modbus or Servlink and the third is configurable for either interface. All functions performed and parameters monitored by the front panel, as well as additional configurables, are available through the three serial ports. These ports can be configured to use with Woodward Watch Window software or an external HMI with Modbus communication, or Servlink DDE software. Used as a synchronizer, the EGCP-3 MC provides phase (or slip frequency) and voltage match synchronizing of the local plant bus to a main power grid. It communicates over a LAN using a digital Echelon network with system EGCP-3 LSs to control plant frequency, phase, and voltage to perform automatic plant synchronization. After the utility tie breaker is closed manually or by the EGCP-3 MC, the EGCP-3 MC then controls plant load to a baseload setting, remote load setting, import/export demand setting, or process control demand setting. If programmed, reactive tie line power can also be controlled by the EGCP-3 MC through each EGCP-3 LS interfacing to each units automatic voltage regulator.
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The EGCP-3 MCs baseload mode of operation allows an operator to set the plant to a specified load. A proportional or integrating control action can be used with this mode of operation. The integrating mode of operation can be used with systems tying to an unstable grid to allow the plant to control at a constant load and not vary based on grid frequency.
Figure 1-8. EGCP-3 MC Functional Diagram
The EGCP-3 MCs remote load setting mode allows plant load to be set by a remote 420 mA signal. The EGCP-3 MCs import/export control mode, when enabled senses plant-toutility tie line power flow and controls this flow based on a import/export set point. The EGCP-3 MCs process control mode allows any process directly related to plant load to be controlled. Once the plant-to-utility tie breaker is closed the EGCP-3 MC soft-loads the plant to a load setting determined by the mode of operation (base load, import/export, Process control). When commanded the EGCP-3 MC can also soft-unload the plant and issue a plant-to-utility tie breaker open command at a set power level. When using the EGCP-3 MC as both a synchronizer and load control, the system EGCP-3 LS's must be in their Load sharing mode to enable the EGCP-3 MC to control them. The EGCP-3 MC is only active when synchronizing a plant bus to a utility bus, or when the utility tie breaker is closed to control tie line power (real & reactive). Once the utility tie breaker opens, the EGCP-3 MC becomes disabled and does not effect EGCP-3 LS load sharing control. The digital signal processing techniques are used to provide significantly improved accuracy and speed of response over conventional analog measurement techniques. Accuracy is improved using rapid sampling of the voltage and current signal waveforms and developing a true RMS measurement. Measuring true RMS power allows optimal accuracy, even in the presence of power line distortions. Woodward 11
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The PowerSense board receives the PT and CT inputs for both the generator and bus for calculation of parameters for the EGCP-3 to use in system control. The algorithms used are based on IEEE 1459-2000. For the mains and bus the following parameters are provided: Hz, Vac, Amps, W, VA, VAR, PF, Phase, Voltage harmonics, Current harmonics, Negative Phase Sequence Voltage, Negative Phase Sequence Current, Import /Export kW-Hours, Import /Export kVAR-Hours and Import /Export kVA-Hours. The following Bus Protections are available with the EGCP-3 MC: Over/Under Voltage (59, 27) Over/Under Frequency (81O, 81U) Directional (Forward/Reverse) Power (32) * Negative Sequence Phase Overcurrent (46) Negative Sequence Phase Overvoltage (47) Phase Overcurrent (51) * Voltage Restrained Phase Overcurrent (51V)* Directional VAR Phase Current Imbalance (46) * The following Utility Protections are available with the EGCP-3 MC Over/Under Voltage (59, 27) Over/Under Frequency (81O, 81U) Directional (Import/Export) Power (32) * Negative Sequence Phase Overcurrent (46) Negative Sequence Phase Overvoltage (47) Phase Overcurrent (51) * Voltage Restrained Phase Overcurrent (51V) * Directional VAR Phase Current Imbalance (46) * Loss of Mains/Loss of Mains with Alarm Load Surge (islanding protection)
*Inverse Time Protections implemented are according to IEEE C37.112 Very Inverse curves
For more information on Woodwards EGCP-3 MC and how to apply it, please refer to Woodward manual 26195. The EGCP-3 MC requires a power source of +24 Vdc @ 1 A. The 505 power supplies cannot supply this much power, thus an external power supply may be required.
Applying the 505 with Redundant I/H or I/P Converters

The 505 can be applied in single-coil shared, dual-coil, or two actuator systems in extraction or non-extraction steam turbines. When the actuator output configuration is programmed as a Two Actuator system, both actuator driver circuits provide full current to the driven device, whereas the Single Coil Shared or Dual Coil options provide one-half of the minimum position current from each driver and the unit in control provides all of the demand current. For example if the actuator demand is 50% and a 420 mA driver is programmed, the single coil shared configuration will output 10 mA from the In-Control unit and 2 mA from the Tracking unit. The two-actuator configuration will result in each units actuator driving 50% or 12 mA.
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Selection between converter output signals can be accomplished using either shuttle valves or solenoid transfer valves. Converter status (I/H or I/P) and pressure feedback signals can be optionally programmed into the 505. If required, relay outputs can be programmed to transfer between converter outputs. Manual transfer between converters can be initiated through discrete input, Modbus, or PC interface commands. Automatic transfer between converters is provided by the 505 based on driver failure(s), converter status, converter output pressures, and servo input pressure feedback signals.
Figure 1-9. Typical Redundant I/H System with a Transfer Valve
Figure 1-10. Typical Redundant I/P System with a Pressure Selecting Relay Valve
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Functionality Details Utilizing a two-actuator output configuration provides redundancy all the way to the actuator level. The typical redundant I/H (or I/P) system will convert the 505 actuator milliamp output into a corresponding hydraulic (or pneumatic) pressure positioning the servo-cylinder. Both converters are supplying the appropriate pressure to position the steam valves to the demand requested by the control. One of the converters will be in control of the valve demand and the other will be in a standby mode. Selection between converter output signals can be accomplished using either shuttle valves or solenoid transfer valves. The shuttle valve will select the higher pressure output between the two converters whereas the solenoid transfer valve selects one converter output and transfers between converters based on a relay command from the 505 control. Either valve type can be used, refer to the transfer valve section for additional information on advantages/disadvantages of each. Converter status (I/H or I/P) and pressure feedback signals should be programmed into the 505, since automatic transfer between converters is provided handled by the status of these signals. If required, a relay output can be programmed (configured as the In-Control relay) to transfer between converter outputs. Automatic transfer is based on the I/O programmed (refer to I/O options available). If a converter malfunction discrete input is programmed, then it is used for malfunction alarming and automatic transfer. Properly installed valves allow on-line converter replacement. For more information on Woodwards Redundant CPC products, refer to manual 37839 and consult your sales representative about all CPC offerings.
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Chapter 2. Application Notes

Overview
This chapter is provided to give users an idea of the 505 Digital Controls capabilities, and how to apply them to a system. Typical applications are schematically shown and their functionality explained. Programming and Start/ Run mode notes are given for each application to assist application programmers in configuring the 505 for their application. Basic peripheral device connections are shown in each application drawing to allow an understanding of how these devices interface to the 505 and expand system capabilities.
Speed/Load PID
The Speed PID can control and limit: Unit Speed/Frequency Unit Load The 505s Speed PID can be used to control unit speed/frequency when isolated and unit load when paralleled to an infinite bus (utility). The Speed PID can be programmed to sense unit load via its actuator output signal or a 420 mA analog input signal from a generator power sensor. When programmed to sense and control generator load via a analog input true unit load is sensed and controlled. By using the generator load signal to control from, any turbine inlet or exhaust pressure variation is sensed and compensated for, thus providing true load control. A combination of the Speed PID and its set point limits allow this PID to limit unit load. When used as a unit load limiter, it is recommended that the 505 be configured to sense and control only true generator load. If applying the 505 system to a soft grid (utility frequency varies greatly) it is recommended that unit load limiting be performed by the Auxiliary PID not the Speed PID.
Auxiliary PID
The 505s Auxiliary PID can be programmed to control or limit: Turbine Inlet Steam Pressure Turbine Inlet Steam Flow Turbine Exhaust Steam pressure Turbine Exhaust Steam Flow Generator Power output Plant or Tie line Import/Export Power Process Temperature Compressor Suction pressure Compressor Suction Flow Compressor Discharge pressure Compressor Discharge Flow Any process parameter related to unit load, inlet pressure/flow, or exhaust pressure/flow (depending on configuration)
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The 505s Auxiliary PID can be used as a limiter or controller (enabled/disabled on command). When programmed as a limiter this PIDs output is Low Signal Selected with the Speed PIDs output. This configuration allows the Auxiliary PID to limit the units load based on the parameter being sensed. When the Auxiliary PID is configured as a controller, it must be enabled and disabled by commands given through the 505s front panel, contact input, or Modbus communications. With this configuration when the Aux PID is enabled the Speed PID is disabled and tracks the Auxiliary PIDs output. To control or limit any of the listed parameters, the 505 must be programmed to accept an Auxiliary analog input signal representing that parameters level. The exception to this rule is when controlling or limiting generator load, the Auxiliary PID can be programmed to use and share the KW/Unit load input with the Speed PID.
Cascade PID
The 505s Cascade PID can be programmed to control: Turbine Inlet Steam Pressure Turbine Inlet Steam Flow Turbine Exhaust Steam pressure Turbine Exhaust Steam Flow Generator Power output Plant or Tie line Import/Export Power Process Temperature Compressor Suction pressure Compressor Suction Flow Compressor Discharge pressure Compressor Discharge Flow Any process parameter related to unit load, inlet pressure, or exhaust pressure (depending on the configuration) The 505s Cascade PID can be used to control any of the listed parameters. This PID must be enabled and disabled by commands given through the 505s front panel, contact input, or Modbus communications. The Cascade PID is cascaded with the Speed PID to vary unit speed/load. By directly positioning the Speed PIDs set point, the Cascade PID can vary unit speed/load to control its input parameter. This configuration allows for bumpless transfers between the two control modes (Speed/Load and Cascade).
Example Applications
The example applications in this chapter do not show every possible control configuration or combination. However, these examples can also be used as a reference to apply any of the controlling combinations or parameters not listed or shown. To apply a desired control parameter or combination not shown, refer to one or more of the typical application configurations that are shown and resemble the control configuration desired, then substitute the shown control parameters with the required control parameters. To apply a desired control parameter or combination not shown, refer to one or more of the typical application configurations that are shown and resemble the control configuration desired, then substitute the shown control parameters with the required control parameters. 16 Woodward
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ExampleTo configure the 505 to perform a Turbine Exhaust pressure limiting function use Example 1, the Pump or Compressor Discharge Pressure Control with Turbine Inlet Pressure Limiting application for reference. With this example substitute exhaust pressure for inlet pressure and disregard any program settings specified to control pump or compressor discharge pressure. The examples shown in this chapter are summarized as follows: Example 1: Pump or Compressor Discharge Pressure Control with Inlet Pressure Limiting Example 2: Inlet Pressure Control with Auto Synchronizing and Generator Power Limiting Example 3: Exhaust Pressure Control with Plant Import/Export Power Limiting Example 4: Plant Import/Export Power Control with DRFD Servo Interface Example 5: Inlet Pressure Control with Isochronous Load Share Control in Island Mode Example 6: Plant Import/Export Power Control with Isochronous Load Share Control in Island Mode Example 7: Induction Generator Control Example 8: Redundant 505 Configuration for Pump or Compressor Discharge Pressure Control with Inlet Pressure Limiting
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Example 1Pump or Compressor Discharge Pressure Control with Turbine Inlet Pressure Limiting
Figure 2-1. Pump or Compressor Discharge Pressure Control with Turbine Inlet Pressure Limiting
This is an example of a typical pump or compressor application. With this application the 505 is configured to normally control pump/compressor discharge pressure, and limit governor valve position based on low turbine inlet steam pressure. Both the Auxiliary and Cascade modes were used for this example application. Other applications may or may not use all the functionality shown in Figure 2-1 and described below. With this application pump/compressor discharge pressure control is performed within the 505 through the Cascade controller. Because the discharge pressure being controlled, typically affects many other plant processes, a plant Distributed Control System (DCS) may be used to monitor plant process conditions and set the Cascade set point position. This can be performed through Modbus communications, discrete raise and lower commands, or with a Analog set point signal. For this application a limiting type of control function was required to help preserve inlet header pressure in case of system header problems. Because the Auxiliary PID is the only controller that has this capability, it is used to sense turbine inlet pressure and limit governor valve position, based on a low inlet pressure setting.
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If a plant Distributed Control System is used to sense and control a process by positioning the load of multiple pumps or compressors (load sharing), the DCS may interface directly to the 505 Speed PID set point through a programmed Remote Speed Set Point analog input. This allows a DCS to monitor and compensate for plant and system conditions by directly changing the speed of multiple pumps or compressors simultaneously. All 505 PID controller set points (Speed, Auxiliary, Cascade) may be changed through programmed raise and lower contacts, programmed 420 mA inputs, Modbus commands, or the 505 service panel. The following list of notes is provided as a reference for application programmers to follow when configuring the 505 to achieve any of the control and limiting actions shown in figure 2-1:
505 Configuration Notes for Example 1

OPERATING PARAMETERS: This is not a Generator application. (Generator Application? No) CASCADE CONTROL: The Cascade control loop was configured to receive a pump/compressor discharge pressure signal through Analog input #1. (Analog Input #1 Function: Cascade Input) Because a two wire, loop powered transducer is used to interface with this signal, the 505 back cover was removed and JPR10 installed. The 505 was configured to accept a contact from a panel mounted switch to externally enable and disable discharge pressure control. (Contact Input 1 Function: Casc Control Enable) Pump/compressor discharge pressure is directly proportional to turbine inlet valve position, thus input inversion is not required. (Invert Cascade Input? No) With this application, Set Point Tracking is not used because the systems pressure set point never changes. (Use Set Point Tracking? No) To protect the generator from being reverse powered by the Cascade PID, the Speed Set Point Lower Limit value was set to 3% above synchronous speed or 3605.4 rpm (5.4 rpm if rated speed is 3600 rpm and using 5% droop). The 505 will automatically limit the Speed Set Point Lower Limit to a minimum of 3% (min load). If it is desired to allow the Cascade PID to lower load below this setting, the Service modes (Cascade Control Settings, Use Min Load) setting must be set to No. In this case, because the Cascade PID is not sharing control of discharge pressure with another control, Droop is not needed. (Cascade Droop = 0%) AUXILIARY CONTROL: The Auxiliary control loop was configured to receive a turbine inlet header pressure signal through Analog input #2. (Analog Input #2 Function: Auxiliary Input) Because a two wire, loop powered transducer is used to interface with this signal, the 505 back cover was removed and JPR8 installed. Woodward 19
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The Auxiliary Input was inverted to allow the correct control action. To increase turbine inlet header pressure, the governor valve must decrease. This is considered an indirect action and requires the input to be inverted. (Invert Aux Input? YES) The Auxiliary PID was programmed to perform as a limiter. (Use Aux Enable? No) Because the Auxiliary PID is used only as a limiter and is not sharing control of inlet pressure with another control, Droop is not needed. (Aux Droop = 0%) TRIPS: In this example the turbine can be tripped by several devices, one of these devices is the 505 control. To provide feedback to the 505 control that the turbine is tripped, a contact from the trip string is wired into the External Emergency Shutdown input (TB12). With this application, the governor trip annunciation should only occur if the 505 tripped the turbine and not annunciate when the other external devices shuts down the unit (Turbine Start: Ext Trips in Trip Relay ?No.) Because the Shutdown relay is used in the trip string to shut down the turbine should the 505 initiate a trip, additional relays are required for annunciating any turbine trip and annunciating a 505 initiated trip. Relay #3 was programmed to annunciate any turbine trip as follows: (Relays: Use Relay #3Yes ; Relay #3 is a Level Switch?No ; Relay #3 Energizes on Shutdown Condition) Relay #4 was programmed to indicate a 505 initiated trip as follows: (Relays: Use Relay #4Yes ; Relay #4 is a Level Switch? No; Relay #4 Energizes onTrip Relay) Note that Relay #4 de-energizes on a trip condition (excluding external trip inputs) and Relay #3 energizes on a trip (shutdown) condition.
Starting and Run Mode Notes for Example 1

Starting and ramping to an idle or minimum speed position can be performed automatically, semi-automatically, or manually. After the unit is started, the Idle/ Rated or Auto Start Sequence functions, if programmed, can be used to assist ramping the control to a rated speed position or an operator can give a raise command to manually increase turbine speed. After the unit has been started and is controlling at a minimum/desired speed position, Cascade control (pump/compressor discharge pressure) can be enabled through contacts, Modbus commands, or the 505 service panel. When Cascade control is enabled, if actual discharge pressure does not match the set point, the control will automatically ramp turbine speed at the SPEED SET POINT SLOW RATE setting until the pump/compressor discharge pressure does match the set point. With this application the Auxiliary control is used as a limiter, thus it does not need to be enabled. If turbine inlet pressure decreases below the Auxiliary set point at any time the Auxiliary PID will take control of the governor valve and lower it to help preserve inlet header pressure. See the Service mode section of this manual, for information on related tunable values and rates.
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Example 2Inlet Pressure Control with Automatic Synchronizing & Generator Power Limiting
Figure 2-2. Inlet Pressure Control with Automatic Synchronizing & Generator Power Limiting
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This is an example of a typical turbine generator application where plant process steam (turbine inlet header pressure) is desired to be controlled at a single pressure. With this type of application, turbine load varies based on the plant process steam demand. Both the Auxiliary and Cascade modes were used for this example application. Other applications may or may not utilize all the functionality shown in Figure 2-2 and described below. With this application turbine inlet header pressure control is performed within the 505 through the Cascade PID controller. This is an ideal controller for this type of function because it can be enabled and disabled as desired by a system operator. This gives a system operator full authority of when to transfer process pressure control to or from a letdown station or turbine bypass valve. As shown in Figure 2-2 generator load is being sensed with a Woodward Real Power Sensor and supplied to the 505s KW/unit load input. This allows generator load to be set and controlled by the Speed PID when paralleled to the utility during unit start-up and shutdown. During normal operation unit load is determined by the Cascade PID controlling inlet header pressure. Because turbine load may vary greatly with this application, a limiter is used to protect the generator from being over powered. This protection is performed by the Auxiliary PID configured as a limiter. By configuring the Auxiliary PID as a limiter and to use the generator load input as the PIDs controlling parameter, the maximum load the generator can operate at can be limited. This application uses a EGCP-3 LS for synchronization only. Because the EGCP-3 LS interfaces to the 505 through an analog signal, a 505 analog input must be programmed. The 505s Analog Input #6 is the only analog input directly compatible with the EGCP-3 LS, thus it is required that this input be programmed to receive the EGCP-3 LSs Speed Bias signal. When a Synchronizing input/function is programmed, the input can be enabled, through a contact input, function key, Modbus command, or the 505 service panel. As shown in Figure 22 a panel mounted (DPST) switch is used with this application to select automatic synchronization in both the EGCP-3 LS and 505. All 505 PID controller set points (Speed, Auxiliary, Cascade) may be changed through programmed raise and lower contacts, programmed 420 mA inputs, Modbus commands, or the 505 service panel. The following list of notes are provided as a reference for application programmers to follow when programming the 505 to achieve any of the control and limiting actions shown in Figure 2-2.

OPERATING PARAMETERS: This is a Generator application. (Generator Application? Yes) Generator and Utility Tie breaker contact inputs are required to be programmed when a generator application is selected. (Contact Input #1 Function: Generator Breaker), (Contact Input #2 Function: Utility Tie Breaker). The 505 was configured to sense the Real Power Sensors generator load signal through Analog input #1. (Analog Input #1 Function: KW/Unit Load Input) 22 Woodward
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Because the Real Power Sensors KW readout is self powered, the 505 back cover was removed and JPR11 installed. Generator load control (when paralleled to the utility) is controlled through the Speed PID and programmed by selecting KW Droop. (Use kW Droop? Yes) For good response and load adjustment resolution, Droop was set to 5% of rated speed. (Droop = 5 %) It was desired to switch to Frequency control at all times, if the plant became isolated form the Utility bus. (Use Freq Arm/Disarm? No) CASCADE CONTROL: The Cascade control loop was configured to receive an inlet header pressure signal through Analog input #2. (Analog Input #2 Function: Cascade Input) Because a two wire, loop powered transducer is used to interface with this signal, the 505 back cover was removed and JPR8 installed. The 505 was configured to accept a contact from a panel mounted switch to externally enable and disable inlet header pressure control. (Contact Input #3 Function: Casc Control Enable) The Cascade Input was inverted to allow the correct control action. To increase turbine inlet header pressure, the governor valve position must decrease. This is considered an indirect action and requires the input to be inverted. (Invert Cascade Input? Yes) With this application, Set Point Tracking is not used because the systems pressure set point never changes, thus system start-up is simpler. (Use Set Point Tracking? No) To protect the generator from being reverse powered by the Cascade PID, the Speed Set Point Lower Limit value was set to 5 rpm above synchronous speed. In this case, because the Cascade PID, during normal operation, is not sharing control of inlet header pressure with another controller, Droop is not needed. (Cascade Droop = 0%) AUXILIARY CONTROL: The Auxiliary control loop was configured to receive a generator load signal through the KW/Unit Load input, also being used for KW Droop. (Use KW Input? Yes) Unit load is directly proportional to turbine inlet valve position, thus no input inversion is required. (Invert Aux Input? No) The Auxiliary PID was programmed to perform as a load limiter. (Use Aux Enable? No) In this case, because the Auxiliary PID is used only as a limiter, and is not sharing control of generator load with another control, Droop is not needed. (Aux Droop = 0%) With this application, it was desirable to only enable the Auxiliary PID if paralleled to the utility. (Tiebkr Open Aux Dsbl? Yes), (Genbkr Open Aux Dsbl? Yes)
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AUTO SYNCHRONIZING: The 505s Analog input #6 was programmed to receive the EGCP-3 LSs speed bias signal for automatic synchronization (Analog Input #6 Function: Synchronizing Input) With this configuration, the analog inputs range is defaulted to provide a certain gain factor for best performance, thus the inputs 4 mA and 20 mA program settings are not used and do not require programming. A contact input was programmed to enable the Synchronizing analog input (Contact Input #4 Function: Synch Enable).
Starting and Run Mode Notes For Example 2

Starting and ramping to an idle or minimum speed position can be performed automatically, semi-automatically, or manually. After the unit is started, the Idle/ Rated or Auto Start Sequence functions, if programmed, can be used to assist ramping the control to a rated speed position. Alternatively an operator can give a manual raise command to increase turbine speed as desired. After the unit has been started and is controlling at a rated speed position, the turbine generator can be synchronized manually, or automatically. The system operator can select automatic synchronization through the Auto-Synch select switch (switch SW1 in Figure 2-2). When this switch is closed the 505s Synchronizing input is enabled and the EGCP-3 LSs automatic synchronizing function is selected. When the plant-to-utility tie-line breaker is closed, and the unit generator breaker closes, the 505 steps the speed/load set point up to a minimum load level to reduce the chance of reverse powering or motoring the generator. This minimum load level is based on the speed/load set point and is defaulted to 3%. The defaulted value is adjustable through the 505s Service mode (Breaker LogicMin Load Bias = 5). When the plant-to-utility tie-line breaker is closed, and the unit generator breaker closes, the 505 steps the speed/load set point up to a minimum load level to reduce the chance of reverse powering or motoring the generator. This minimum load level is based on the speed/load set point and is defaulted to a 3%5 rpm step change of the speed/load set point. The defaulted value is adjustable through the 505s Service mode (Breaker LogicMin Load Bias = 5 ). After synchronization the 505s load set point can be positioned through raise and lower Speed/Load set point contacts, a programmed 420 mA input, Modbus commands, or the 505 service panel. This load control mode may be used to slowly increase turbine load, and take control away from a letdown station or turbine bypass valve. Cascade control (turbine exhaust pressure) can be enabled at any time after the Utility Tie breaker and Generator breakers are closed, through a contact input, Modbus command or the 505 service panel. With this configuration, when Cascade control is enabled, if actual inlet header pressure does not match set point, the control will increase generator load at the SPEED SET POINT SLOW RATE setting until the inlet header pressure matches set point.
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With this application the Auxiliary control is programmed to be used as a limiter, and be automatically enabled when both the Utility Tie and Generator breakers are closed. When paralleled to the utility, if inlet header pressure demand, and/or other system conditions try to force the generator to operate above its load limit setting, the Auxiliary PID will take control of the governor valve to limit generator load. Once system conditions demand unit load below that of the Auxiliary set point, the Cascade/Speed PIDs will again take control of generator load.
Example 3Exhaust Pressure Control with Generator Power Limiting and Plant Import/Export Limiting
Figure 2-3. Exhaust Pressure Control with Generator Power Limiting and Plant Import/Export Limiting Woodward 25
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This is an example of a typical turbine generator application where plant process steam (turbine exhaust pressure) is desired to be controlled at a single pressure level. With this type of application, turbine load varies based on the plant process steam demand. Both the Auxiliary and Cascade modes were used for this example application. Other applications may or may not utilize all the functionality shown in Figure 2-3 and described below. With this application turbine exhaust pressure control is performed within the 505 through the Cascade PID controller. This is an ideal controller for this type of function because it can be enabled and disabled as desired by a system operator. This gives a system operator full authority of when to transfer process pressure control to or from a letdown station or turbine bypass valve. Because turbine load may vary greatly with this application, a limiter is used to protect the generator from being over powered. In order to limit generator load, the 505 control must be able to sense generator load. As shown in Figure 2-3 generator load is being sensed with a Woodward Real Power Sensor and supplied to the 505s KW droop input. With this application generator over-load protection is performed by a combination of the Speed PID and the Speed Set Point Maximum limit. By programming the Speed Set Point Maximum limit to that of rated speed plus the % droop value at 100% load, the speed set point cannot be taken over 100% load and the Speed PID will limit generator load to 100%. For this application a limiting type of control function was required to limit the plant export power to zero. The plant does not get reimbursed for any power exported, and it is more economical to make power than purchase it form the utility, thus a zero plant import/export power level is desired. Because the Auxiliary PID is the only 505 controller that has this limiting capability, it was used to sense tie line power and limit turbine/generator output, based on a zero export limit setting. A second Real Power Sensor #8272-726 was used with this application to sense utility tie line power. This RPS is special, in that it senses 5 A to +5 A CT current to allow its output to represent power flow in both the import and export directions. With this RPS 12 mA represents zero power flow. Because of this feature the RPS #8272-726 cannot, be used with the 505 to sense generator load/ power. Please check with a Woodward certified distributor or factory for the correct RPS to use as a generator load sensor. This application uses a EGCP-3 LS for synchronization only. Because the EGCP-3 LS interfaces to the 505 through an analog signal, a 505 analog input must be programmed. The 505s Analog Input #6 is the only analog input directly compatible with the EGCP-3 LS, thus it is required that this input be programmed to receive the EGCP-3 LSs Speed Bias signal. When a synchronizing input/function is programmed, the input can be enabled, through a contact input, function key, Modbus command, or the 505 service panel. As shown in Figure 23 a panel mounted (DPST) switch is used with this application to select automatic synchronization in both the EGCP-3 LS and 505. All 505 PID controller set points (Speed, Auxiliary, Cascade) may be changed through programmed raise and lower contacts, programmed 420 mA inputs, Modbus commands, or the 505 service panel. The following list of notes are provided as a reference for application programmers to follow when programming the 505 to achieve the control and limiting actions shown in Figure 2-3.
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OPERATING PARAMETERS: This is a Generator application. (Generator Application? Yes) Generator and Utility Tie breaker contact inputs are required to be programmed when a generator application is selected. (Contact Input #1 Function: Generator Breaker) (Contact Input #2 Function: Utility Tie Breaker) The 505 was configured to sense a Real Power Sensors generator load signal through Analog input #1. (Analog Input #1 Function: KW/Unit Load Input) Because the RPSs KW readout is self powered, the 505 back cover was removed and JPR11 installed. Generator load (when paralleled to the utility) is controlled by the Speed PID and programmed by selecting the KW/Unit load input. (Use KW Droop? YES) For good response and load adjustment resolution, Droop was set to 5% of rated speed. (Droop = 5 %) It was desired to switch to Frequency control at all times, if the plant became isolated form the Utility bus. (Use Freq Arm/Disarm? No) CASCADE CONTROL: The Cascade control loop was configured to receive an exhaust header pressure signal through Analog input #2. (Analog Input #2 Function: Cascade Input) Because a two wire, loop powered transducer is used to interface with this signal, the 505 back cover was removed and JPR8 installed. The Function Key F3 was programmed to allow an operator to easily enable and disable Cascade control. (F3 Key Performs: Casc Control Enable). Exhaust header pressure is directly proportional to turbine inlet valve position, thus no input inversion is required. (Invert Cascade Input? No) With this application, Set Point Tracking is used to allow the 505s Cascade control, when disabled, to track exhaust header pressure being controlled by a letdown station. (Use Set Point Tracking? Yes) To protect the generator from being reverse powered by the Cascade PID, the Speed Set Point Lower Limit value was set to 5 rpm above synchronous speed. In this case, because the Cascade PID, during normal operation, is not sharing control of exhaust header pressure with another control, Droop is not needed. (Cascade Droop = 0%) GEN LOAD LIMITING: To limit generator load to 100% the Speed set points maximum limit was set at the 100% load setting. 5% Droop was programmed for this application. (Max Governor Speed Set Point = Rated speed x 1.05)
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AUXILIARY CONTROL: The Auxiliary control loop was configured to receive a utility tie line power signal through Analog input #3. (Analog Input #3 Function: Auxiliary Input) he minimum analog input value was programmed for import power based on the tie line power level at 5 A CT current (Input #3 4 mA Value =XXXX). he maximum analog input value was programmed for export power based on the tie line power level at +5 A CT current (Input #3 20 mA Value = +XXXX). Because the RPSs KW readout is self powered, the 505 back cover was removed and JPR15 installed. The utility-tie Real Power Sensors CT inputs were wired to allow the RPSs 4 mA value to represent full import power and the RPSs 20 mA value to represent full export power. Because this signal is directly proportional to turbine inlet valve position, no input inversion is required. (Invert Aux Input? No) The Auxiliary PID was programmed to perform as a limiter. (Use Aux Enable? No) In this case, because the Auxiliary PID is used as a limiter, and is not sharing control of inlet pressure with another control, Droop is not needed. (Aux Droop = 0%) With this application, it was desirable to only enable the Auxiliary PID if paralleled to the utility. (Tiebkr Open Aux Dsbl? Yes), (Genbkr Open Aux Dsbl? Yes) AUTO SYNCHRONIZING: The 505s Analog input #6 was programmed to receive the EGCP-3 LSs speed bias signal for automatic synchronization (Analog Input #6 Function: Synchronizing Input). With this configuration, the analog inputs range is defaulted to a certain gain value, for best performance, thus the inputs 4 mA and 20 mA settings are not used and do not require programming. A contact input was programmed to enable the Synchronizing analog input (Contact Input #4 Function: Synch Enable).

Starting and ramping to an idle or minimum speed position can be performed automatically, semi-automatically, or manually. After the unit is started, the Idle/ Rated or Auto Start Sequence functions, if programmed, can be used to assist ramping the control to a rated speed position. Alternatively, an operator can give a manual raise command to increase turbine speed as desired. After the unit has been started and is controlling at a rated speed position, the turbine generator can be synchronized manually, or automatically. The system operator can select automatic synchronization through the Auto-Synch select switch ( SW1 in Figure 2-3 ). When this switch is closed the 505s Synchronizing input is enabled and the EGCP-3 LSs automatic synchronizing function selected.
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When the plant to utility tie line/breaker is closed, and the unit generator breaker closes, the 505 steps the speed/load set point up to a minimum load level to reduce the chance of reverse powering or motoring the generator. This minimum load level is based on the speed/load set point and is defaulted to 3%. The defaulted value is adjustable through the 505s Service mode (Breaker LogicMin Load Bias = 5). After synchronization the 505s load set point can be positioned through raise and lower speed/load set point contacts, a programmed 420 mA input, Modbus commands, or the 505 service panel. Cascade control (turbine exhaust pressure) can be enabled at any time after the utility tie breaker and generator breaker input contacts are closed. Cascade control can be enabled through a programmed contact, Modbus command, or the 505 service panel. Exhaust pressure control can be transferred from a letdown station or turbine bypass valve in one of the following ways; enabling Cascade control, and backing down the letdown station s set point, or slowly increasing turbine load with the Speed PIDs set point, to allow the letdown station to close, then enable Cascade control. After exhaust pressure control has been transferred to the 505s Cascade PID, the letdown station or turbine bypass valve must be closed or in a manual control mode. This will stop the two controllers (505 Cascade PID and system letdown station) from fighting for control of one parameter and causing system instability. With this application the Auxiliary control is programmed to be used as a limiter and be automatically enabled when both the utility tie and generator breakers are closed. When paralleled to the utility this 505 and RPS combination allows the plant to import power from the utility, but not export power. If the utility-to-plant tie line power reaches a zero import/export level the Auxiliary PID will begin limiting generator output, until plant conditions require power to be imported again. Optionally the Auxiliary PIDs set point can be varied to limit plant power to a different import or export power level as required.
Example 4Plant Import/ Export Control with DRFD Servo Interface

This is an example of a typical turbine generator application where plant import/ export control is desired when paralleled with the utility, and frequency control when isolated from the utility. With this type of application, when paralleled to the utility, turbine load varies based on the plant power demand. Other applications may or may not use all the functionality shown in Figure 2-4 and described below. With this application, plant import/export control is performed within the 505 through the Auxiliary PID controller. Optionally the Cascade PID controller could have been used instead. For this application the Auxiliary PID is configured to be enabled and disabled on command, instead of performing a limiting action. This gives a system operator full authority of when to enable or disable plant import/export control. When programmed for this type of control action, the Speed PID is disabled when the Auxiliary PID is enabled, and can only limit the 505s valve output signal if unit load reaches 100%. Also, the Auxiliary set point automatically tracks the PIDs input value when not in-control.
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Figure 2-4. Plant Import/Export Control with DRFD Servo Interface
A Real Power Sensor #8272-726 was used with this application to sense utility tie line power flow. This RPS is special, in that it senses 5 A to +5 A CT current to allow its output to represent power flow in both the import and export directions. With this RPS 12 mA represents zero power flow. Because of this feature the RPS #8272-726 cannot, be used with the 505 to sense generator load/power. To save buying a second Real Power Sensor, with this application, unit load is sensed through turbine inlet valve position (505 LSS bus), not a generator load signal. Optionally, another Real Power Sensor could be used with this application to sense generator power, and allow true unit load to be sensed, controlled, and limited. With this configuration, when the generator is paralleled to the utility, the Speed PID controls governor valve position, instead of generator power. Thus 100% governor valve position is considered 100% unit load, no matter if system conditions are at rated or not.
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This application uses a EGCP-3 LS for synchronization only. Because the EGCP-3 LS interfaces to the 505 through an analog signal, a 505 analog input must be programmed. The 505s Analog Input #6 is the only analog input directly compatible with the EGCP-3 LS, thus it is required that this input be programmed to receive the EGCP-3 LSs Speed Bias signal. When a synchronizing input/function is programmed, the input can be enabled, through a contact input, function key, Modbus command, or the 505 service panel. As shown in Figure 24 a panel mounted (DPST) switch is used with this application to select automatic synchronization in both the EGCP-3 LS and 505. With this application the existing servo assembly had an actuator which required +50 mA for pilot valve positioning, and a LVDT mounted to the valve rack to feedback actual rack position. Because the 505 does not have a bipolar drive circuit, and cannot perform closed loop servo position control, a Woodward Digital Remote Final Driver (DRFD) was used to interface with the existing servo actuator. The integrating type of DRFD used, accepts a 420 mA valve demand signal from the 505, monitors actual valve position (through, LVDTs, MLDTs, or other dc position feedback devices), compares the two signals, and outputs a drive signal to the servo assemblies actuator accordingly. The DRFD interfaces directly with an LVDT, (providing excitation, and demodulation) thus no external converter was required or used. All 505 PID controller set points (Speed, Auxiliary, Cascade) may be changed through programmed raise and lower contacts, programmed 420 mA inputs, Modbus commands, or the 505 service panel. The following list of notes are provided as a reference for application programmers to follow when programming the 505 to achieve any control and limiting actions shown in Figure 2-4.

OPERATING PARAMETERS: This is a Generator application. (Generator Application? Yes) Generator and Utility Tie breaker contact inputs are required to be programmed when a generator application is selected. (Contact Input #1 Function: Generator Breaker), (Contact Input #2 Function: Utility Tie Breaker) Because no RPS was used to sense unit load, turbine inlet steam valve position, when paralleled to the utility, is controlled by the Speed PID and programmed by not selecting KW Droop. (Use KW Droop? No) For good response and load adjustment resolution, Droop was set to 5% of rated speed. (Droop = 5 %) It was desired to switch to Frequency control at all times, if the plant became isolated form the Utility bus. (Use Freq Arm/Disarm? No) DRIVER CONFIGURATION: Because the Digital Remote Final Driver used to interface with the servo assembly only accepts a 420 mA valve demand signal, the 505 was configured to output a 420 mA valve demand signal. (Actuator Is 420 mA? Yes)
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Dither is a low frequency ac current modulated on to the 505s dc actuator drive current to reduce stiction in linear type actuators. Because the 505s actuator output is connected to the DRFD, dither was not required or used with this application. (Actuator #1 Dither = 0.0%) AUXILIARY CONTROL: The Auxiliary control loop was configured to receive a utility tie line power signal through Analog input #3. (Analog Input #3 Function: Auxiliary Input) he minimum analog input value was programmed for import power based on the tie line power level at 5 A CT current (Input #3 4 mA Value =XXXX). he maximum analog input value was programmed for export power based on the tie line power level at +5 A CT current. (Input #3 20 mA Value = +XXXX). Because the RPSs KW readout is self powered, the 505 back cover was removed and JPR15 installed. The 505 was configured to accept a contact from a plant distributed control system to enable and disable import/export control. (Contact Input #3 Function: Aux Control Enable) The utility-tie Real Power Sensors CT inputs were wired to allow the RPSs 4 mA value to represent full import power and the RPSs 20 mA value to represent full export power. Because this signal is directly proportional to turbine inlet valve position, no input inversion is required. (Invert Aux Input? No) The Auxiliary PID was programmed to be enabled and disabled on command. (Use Aux Enable? Yes) In this case, because the Auxiliary PID is the sole import/export controller, Droop is not needed. (Aux Droop = 0%) With this application, it was desirable to only allow the Auxiliary PID to be enabled if paralleled to the utility. (Tiebkr Open Aux Dsbl? Yes), (Genbkr Open Aux Dsbl? Yes) AUTO SYNCHRONIZING: The 505s Analog input #6 was programmed to receive the EGCP-3 LSs speed bias signal for automatic synchronization (Analog Input #6 Function: Synchronizing Input). With this configuration, the analog inputs range is defaulted to a certain gain value, for best performance, thus inputs 4 mA and 20 mA settings are not used and do not require programming. A contact input was programmed to enable the Synchronizing analog input. (Contact Input #4 Function: Sync Enable)

Starting and ramping to an idle or minimum speed position can be performed automatically, semi-automatically, or manually. After the unit is started, the Idle/ Rated or Auto Start Sequence functions, if programmed, can be used to assist ramping the control to a rated speed position. Alternatively, an operator can give a manual raise command to increase turbine speed as desired.
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After the unit has been started and is controlling at a rated speed position, the turbine generator can be synchronized manually, or automatically. The system operator can select automatic synchronization through the Auto-Synch select switch ( SW1 in Figure 2-4 ). When this switch is closed the 505s Synchronizing input is enabled and the EGCP-3 LSs automatic synchronizing function selected. The EGCP-3 LS provides either phase matching or slip frequency synchronizing, and ties into the unit automatic voltage regulator to match voltages before paralleling. It communicates over a LAN using a digital Echelon network with other plant EGCP-3 LS s to perform safe dead bus closing. When the plant-to-utility tie line/breaker is closed, and the unit generator breaker closes, the 505 steps the speed/load set point up to a minimum load level to reduce the chance of reverse powering or motoring the generator. This minimum load level is based on the speed/load set point and is to 3%. The defaulted value is adjustable through the 505s Service mode (Breaker LogicMin Load Bias = 5). After synchronization the 505s load set point can be positioned through raise and lower speed/load set point contacts, a programmed 420 mA input, Modbus commands, or the 505 service panel. With this configuration, Import/Export control (Auxiliary PID) can be enabled at any time after the utility tie breaker and generator breaker input contacts are closed. Auxiliary control can be enabled through the programmed contact, a Modbus command, or the 505 service panel. Because the Auxiliary Set Point tracks plant Import/Export power before being enabled, the transfer to Auxiliary control is bumpless. Once enabled, the Auxiliary PIDs set point can then be positioned to the desired import or export level. Because of the 505s configuration, this unit will automatically switch to Frequency control, upon the opening of the plant-to-utility tie breaker.
Example 5Inlet Pressure Control with Isochronous Load Sharing Control in Island Mode
For this application, it is desired to control Inlet Pressure when paralleled to the utility, and Frequency while load sharing with three other units, when isolated from the utility. With this type of application, when paralleled to the utility, load varies based on plant process steam demand, and when isolated load varies based on plant power demand. Other applications may or may not utilize all the functionality shown in Figure 2-5 and described below. With this application, turbine inlet header pressure control is performed within the 505 through the Cascade PID controller. This is an ideal controller for this type of function because it can be enabled and disabled as desired by a system operator. This gives a system operator full authority of when to transfer process pressure control to or from a letdown station or turbine bypass valve. To save buying a Real Power Sensor, for this application, unit load is sensed through turbine inlet valve position (505 LSS bus), not a generator load signal. Optionally, another Real Power Sensor could be used with this application to sense generator power, and allow true unit load to be sensed and controlled. With this configuration, 100% governor valve position, is considered to be 100% unit load, no matter what system conditions are.
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Figure 2-5. Inlet Pressure Control with Isochronous Load Sharing Control in Island Mode
This application uses a EGCP-3 LS for synchronization and isochronous load sharing. With this configuration, the EGCP-3 LS is disabled when the generator is paralleled to the utility, and enabled when isolated from the utility. When the unit is paralleled to the utility, the EGCP-3 LS is disabled and the 505s internal load set point or Cascade PID (plant import/export power) is used to control/set unit load. When the plant becomes isolated from the utility, (utility tie breaker opens), the EGCP-3 LS is enabled, Cascade control is disabled, and the 505 is switched to a Frequency control/load sharing mode. A EGCP-3 LS can only interface to a 505 through an analog input signal. The 505s Analog Input #6 is the only analog input directly compatible with the EGCP3 LS, thus it is required that this input be programmed to receive the EGCP-3 LSs Speed Bias signal. When a Sync/LD Share analog input is programmed, the input is automatically enabled if the generator breaker input is closed and the utility tie breaker input is open. 34 Woodward
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Before the generator breaker is closed, the Synch/Ld Share input can be enabled, to allow automatic synchronization by the EGCP-3 LS. This synchronizing function/ input can be enabled, through a contact input, function key, Modbus command, or the 505 service panel. As shown in Figure 2-5 a panel mounted (DPST) switch is used with this application to select automatic synchronization in both the EGCP-3 LS and 505. All 505 PID controller set points (Speed, Auxiliary, Cascade) may be changed through programmed raise and lower contacts, programmed 420 mA inputs, Modbus commands, or the 505 service panel. The following list of notes are provided as a reference for application programmers to follow when programming the 505 to achieve any control and limiting actions shown in Figure 2-5.
505 Programming Notes for Example 5

OPERATING PARAMETERS: This is a Generator application. (Generator Application? Yes) Generator and Utility Tie breaker contact inputs are required to be programmed when a generator application is selected. (Contact Input #1 Function: Generator Breaker), (Contact Input #2 Function: Utility Tie Breaker) Because no RPS was used to sense unit load, turbine inlet steam valve position, when paralleled to the utility, is controlled by the Speed PID and programmed by not selecting KW Droop. (Use KW Droop? No) For good response and load adjustment resolution, Droop was set to 5% of rated speed. (Droop = 5 %) It was desired to switch to Frequency control at all times, if the plant became isolated form the Utility bus. (Use Freq Arm/Disarm? No) CASCADE CONTROL: The Cascade control loop was configured to receive an inlet header pressure signal through Analog input #2. (Analog Input #2 Function: Cascade Input). Because a two wire, loop powered transducer is used to interface with this signal, the 505 back cover was removed and JPR8 was installed. The 505 was configured to accept a contact from a panel mounted switch to externally enable and disable inlet header pressure control. (Contact Input #3 Function: Casc Control Enable) The Cascade Input was inverted to allow the correct control action. To increase turbine inlet header pressure, the governor valve must decrease. This is considered an indirect action and requires the input to be inverted. (Invert Cascade Input? Yes) With this application, Set Point Tracking is not used because the desired system pressure level never changes, thus system start-up is simpler. (Use Set Point Tracking? No) To protect the generator from being reverse powered by the Cascade PID, the Speed Set Point Lower Limit value was set to 5 rpm above synchronous speed. Woodward 35
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In this case, because the Cascade PID is sharing control of inlet header pressure with the boiler control, Droop was set at 5%. This allows the Cascade PID to assist the boiler control with inlet header pressure control, without having the two fight over the same parameter. (Cascade Droop = 5%). SYNCH/LD SHARING: The 505s Analog Input #6 was programmed to receive the EGCP-3 LSs speed bias signal for automatic synchronization, and load sharing. (Analog Input #6 Function: Synch/Load Share Input) With this configuration, the analog inputs range is defaulted to a certain gain value, for best performance, thus inputs 4 mA and 20 mA settings are not used and do not require programming. A contact input was programmed to enable the Synch/Load Share analog input to allow synchronization through the EGCP-3 LS before the generator breaker is closed. (Contact Input #4 Function: Synch/Ld Share Enable).

Starting and ramping to an idle or minimum speed position can be performed automatically, semi-automatically, or manually. After the unit is started, the Idle/ Rated or Auto Start Sequence functions, if programmed, can be used to assist ramping the control to a rated speed position. Alternatively, an operator can give a manual raise command to increase turbine speed as desired. When the unit has been started and is controlling at a rated speed position, the turbine generator can be synchronized manually, or automatically. The system operator can select automatic synchronization through the Auto-Synch select switch ( SW1 in Figure 2-5 ). When this switch is closed the 505s Synch/Load Sharing input is enabled and the EGCP-3 LSs automatic synchronizing function is selected. After synchronization, generator load is determined by the mode of operation selected, (the position of the utility tie breaker contact input). If the utility tie breaker contact is closed, generator load is determined by the 505s internal load set point, or when enabled, inlet header pressure control (Cascade control). If the utility tie breaker contact is open generator load is determined by the EGCP-3 LS. The EGCP-3 LS can be configured to operate in several different load control modes. For this application the EGCP-3 LS is only used for isochronous load sharing, when the plant is isolated from the utility. In this plant four generating units use EGCP-3 LS s, and upon the plant-to-utility tie breaker opening they all switch to Frequency control and communicate with each other via a digital LON network to share load. Thus plant frequency is controlled by all units, and plant load is shared proportionally by all four units. With this configuration plant frequency will be the average frequency of all units. The 505, has a feature that resets its frequency set point to the RATED SPEED SET POINT setting upon the utility tie breaker opening, thus assuring that all units will be at synchronous speed. A EGCP-3 LSs Frequency Trimmer function may be programmed to hold frequency within +.1% of the desired frequency. Inlet header pressure (Cascade control) can be enabled any time after the utility tie and generator breaker contacts are closed. Cascade control can be enabled through a programmed contact, a Modbus command, or the 505s service panel.
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Example 6Import/Export Control or Exhaust Pressure Control with Isoch Load Sharing in Island Mode
Figure 2-6. Import/Export Control or Exhaust Pressure Control with Isoch Load Sharing in Island Mode
This application utilizes multiple turbine generators, and requires that all units have the capability to control different plant parameters depending on the status and health of each unit. Normal operation is to have one unit control plant process steam (turbine exhaust pressure) and the other units be controlled based on plant import/export demand. Other applications may or may not utilize all the functionality shown in Figure 2-6 and described below.
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For this application one unit at a time, based on system, health is used to control plant process steam. The other units are used to control a plant export power level of 5 MW. Because the plant is contractually obligated to provide this level of power to the utility, and because it is more economical to make power than purchase it form the utility, a 5 MW plant export power level is desired. Each unit control panel has a mode selection switch which allows an operator to place a unit in one of three different modes of operation. The three modes of operation are Manual load (used to manually load and unload a unit), Plant Process Steam control (turbine exhaust pressure), and Load Sharing (used for plant import/export control or unit load sharing). When a unit is switched to a Manual load control mode, its 505s internal load set point determines unit load. This allows an operator to manually load or unload a unit to a set level if desired. With this application when a unit is switched to the Plant Process control mode, turbine exhaust pressure control is performed within the 505 through the Cascade PID controller. This is an ideal controller for this type of function because it can be enabled and disabled as desired by a system operator. This gives a system operator full authority of when to transfer process pressure control to or from a letdown station or turbine bypass valve. To save buying a Real Power Sensor, turbine inlet valve position (505 LSS bus) is used to sense unit load, not a generator load signal. With this configuration, 100% governor valve position, is considered to be 100% unit load, no matter what the system conditions. Thus unit overload protection is only performed by limiting the 505s output to 100%. Optionally, a Real Power Sensor could be used with this application to sense generator power, and allow true unit load to be sensed, controlled and limited. This application uses Woodward EGCP-3 LS's and a EGCP-3 MC to allow all units to communicate, share plant load , and control plant export power. The EGCP-3 LS is used on each unit, for synchronization and load sharing. One EGCP-3 MC is used for plant synchronization and import/export power control. When a unit is in the load sharing mode, the EGCP-3 MC determines its load with the plant-to-utility tie line is closed, and the EGCP-3 LSs load sharing circuitry when the plant-to-utility tie line is open. The EGCP-3 MC, when enabled, sets the load set point of each unit EGCP-3 LSs (in the load sharing mode) to control a plant export level. When the plant-to-utility tie breaker is open, the EGCP-3 MC is disabled, and each unit communicates with the other units in the load sharing mode via the EGCP-3 LSs LON network to share plant load. A EGCP-3 LS interfaces to a 505 through an analog input signal. The 505s Analog Input #6 is the only analog input directly compatible with the EGCP-3 LS, thus it is required that this input be programmed to receive the EGCP-3 LSs Speed Bias signal. When a Sync/LD Share analog input is programmed, the input is automatically enabled if the generator breaker input is closed and the utility tie breaker input is open. Before the generator breaker is closed, the 505s Sync/Ld Share analog input can be enabled, to allow automatic synchronization by the EGCP-3 LS. This synchronizing function/input can be enabled, through a contact input, function key, Modbus command, or the 505 service panel. As shown in Figure 2-6 a panel mounted (DPST) switch is used, with this application, to select automatic synchronization in both the EGCP-3 LS and 505.
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All 505 PID controller set points (Speed, Cascade) may be changed through programmed raise and lower contacts, programmed 420 mA inputs, Modbus commands, or the 505 service panel. The following list of notes are provided as a reference for application programmers to follow when programming the 505 to achieve any control and limiting actions shown in Figure 2-6.

OPERATING PARAMETERS: This is a Generator application. (Generator Application? Yes) Generator and Utility Tie breaker contact inputs are required to be programmed when a generator application is selected. (Contact Input #1 Function: Generator Breaker), (Contact Input #2 Function: Utility Tie Breaker). Generator load is limited by the Speed PID sensing governor valve position through its LSS bus, and programmed by not selecting KW Droop. (Use KW Droop? No) For good response and load adjustment resolution, Droop (LSS bus position) was set to 5% of rated speed. (Droop = 5 %) It was desired to switch to Frequency/Load Sharing control at all times, if the plant becomes isolated from the Utility bus. (Use Freq Arm/Disarm? No) CASCADE CONTROL: The Cascade control loop was configured to receive an exhaust header pressure signal through Analog input #1. (Analog Input #1 Function: Cascade Input) Because a two wire, loop powered transducer is used to interface with this signal, the 505 back cover was removed and JPR10 installed. A contact input was programmed to allow an operator to easily enable and disable Cascade control via a control panel switch. (Contact Input #3 Function: Casc Control Enable). Exhaust header pressure is directly proportional to turbine inlet valve position, thus no input inversion is required. (Invert Cascade Input? No) With this application, Set Point Tracking is used to allow the 505s Cascade control, when disabled, to track exhaust header pressure being controlled by a letdown station. (Use Set Point Tracking? Yes) To protect the generator from being reverse powered by the Cascade PID, the Speed Set Point Lower Limit value was set to 5 rpm above synchronous speed. In this case, because the Cascade PID, during normal operation, is not sharing control of the exhaust header pressure with another control, Droop is not needed. (Cascade Droop = 0%)
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GEN LOAD LIMITING: To limit generator load to 100% the Speed set point maximum limit was set at the 100% load setting. 5% Droop was programmed for this application. (Max Governor Speed Set Point = Rated Speed X 1.05) SYNC & LOAD SHARING: The 505s Analog input #6 was programmed to receive the EGCP-3 LSs speed bias signal for automatic synchronization and load sharing (Analog Input #6 Function: Sync/Load Share input). or best performance, the analog inputs range is defaulted to a certain gain value, thus the inputs 4 mA and 20 mA settings are not used and do not require programming. A contact input is programmed to enable the Sync/Load Share analog input before the generator breaker is closed to enable synchronizing through the EGCP-3 LS (Contact Input #4 Function: Sync/Ld Share Enable).

Starting and ramping to an idle or minimum speed position can be performed automatically, semi-automatically, or manually. After the unit is started, the Idle/ Rated or Auto Start Sequence functions, if programmed, can be used to assist ramping the control to a rated speed position. Alternatively, an operator can give a manual raise command to increase turbine speed as desired. After the unit has been started and is controlling at a rated speed position, the turbine generator can be synchronized manually, or automatically. The system operator can select automatic synchronization through the Auto-Synch select switch ( SW1 in Figure 2-6 ). When this switch is closed the 505s Synchronizing input is enabled and the EGCP-3 LSs automatic synchronizing function selected. With this configuration the mode of operation the system operates in is dependent on SW2s position. When SW2 is not selecting the load sharing mode, and the generator breaker is closed, unit load is set by the 505s internal Speed/load set point, or the Cascade PID if enabled. Upon the generator breaker closing, the 505 steps the speed/load set point up to a minimum load level to reduce the chance of reverse powering or motoring the generator. This minimum load level is based on the speed/load set point and is defaulted to 3%. The defaulted value is adjustable through the 505s Service mode (Breaker LogicMin Load Bias = 5). After synchronization the 505s load set point can be positioned through raise and lower speed/load set point contacts, a programmed 420 mA input, Modbus commands, or the 505 service panel. Cascade control (turbine exhaust pressure) can be enabled at any time after the utility tie breaker and generator breaker input contacts are closed. The Cascade control can be enabled through a programmed contact, Modbus command, or the 505 service panel. When SW2 is switched to select Load Sharing, the EGCP-3 LS bumplessly ramps load to match the EGCP-3 MCs load set point, or to a load setting determined by the EGCP-3 LSs load sharing circuitry, depending on utility-to-tie breaker position. The EGCP-3 MC can be used to set all the units in the load sharing mode to a base load setting, or vary their load based on a plant import/export demand setting.
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With this application, during normal operation, one unit is switched to control plant process steam and the other units are switched to the load sharing mode and are loaded based on the EGCP-3 MC plant load demand. If the plant should become isolated from the utility, the EGCP-3 MC will become disabled and all units in the load sharing mode will share plant load. When desired the EGCP-3 MC can be enabled to re-synchronize the plant bus to the utility bus and close the plant-to-utility tie breaker. After synchronization the EGCP-3 MC will either ramp plant power to a 5 MW export power level, or ramp plant load to a base load setting, depending on the mode of operation selected. Woodward EGCP-3 LSs can interface directly with a units automatic voltage regulator. This allows units with EGCP-3 LSs to share reactive power as well as real power. This configuration also allows the EGCP-3 MC to control plant power factor when the utility to tie breaker is closed.
Example 7Induction Generator Applications

When the 505 is configured for induction generator applications, typically there are only two differences in the programming of the 505 verses programming for synchronous generator applications. The induction generators slip frequency must be taken into account. This is achieved by compensating for the slip frequency with the 505s maximum Speed Set Point setting. The MAX GOVERNOR SPEED SET POINT setting must be equal to synchronous speed plus the droop percentage plus the full load slip frequency percentage. 1. MAX GOVERNOR SPEED SET POINT = SYNC SPEED + (SYNC SPEED * DROOP) + MAX SLIP rpm. 2. The USE TIE BREAKER OPEN TRIP setting must be set to Yes if a synchronous generator is not sharing the same plant bus. This will cause the generator to trip when the utility tie breaker opens.
Example 8Redundant 505 ( Master Slave ) configuration for Pump or Compressor Discharge Pressure Control with Turbine Inlet Pressure Limiting
This is an example of a typical pump or compressor application. With this application two 505s are configured in the redundant configuration to normally control pump/compressor discharge pressure, and limit governor valve position based on low turbine inlet steam pressure. Both the Auxiliary and Cascade modes were used for this example application. Other applications may or may not use all the functionality shown in Figure 2-7 and described below With this application pump/compressor discharge pressure control is performed within the 505 through the Cascade controller. Because the discharge pressure being controlled, typically affects many other plant processes, a plant Distributed Control System (DCS) may be used to monitor plant process conditions and set the Cascade set point position. This can be performed through Modbus communications, discrete raise and lower commands, or with a Analog set point signal.
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Figure 2-7. Redundant 505 configuration for Pump or Compressor Discharge Pressure Control with Turbine Inlet Pressure Limiting
For this application a limiting type of control function was required to help preserve inlet header pressure in case of system header problems. Because the Auxiliary PID is the only controller that has this capability, it is used to sense turbine inlet pressure and limit governor valve position, based on a low inlet pressure setting. If a plant Distributed Control System is used to sense and control a process by positioning the load of multiple pumps or compressors (load sharing), the DCS may interface directly to the 505 Speed PID set point through a programmed Remote Speed Set Point analog input. This allows a DCS to monitor and compensate for plant and system conditions by directly changing the speed of multiple pumps or compressors simultaneously. All 505 PID controller set points (Speed, Auxiliary, Cascade) may be changed through programmed raise and lower contacts, programmed 420 mA inputs, Modbus commands, or the 505 service panel.
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The setup uses current multipliers to feed the same current to both of the controllers. MODBUS communication is set up between MASTER and SLAVE at Port 1 to form the communication channel for redundancy. A discrete relay output to a discrete contact input on each unit is used as the high-speed transfer link between the two units. In the example shown the actuator can be a single shared coil or a dual coil device. The following list of notes is provided as a reference for application programmers to follow when configuring the 505 to achieve any of the control and limiting actions and to setup the Master/Slave configuration as shown in Figure 2-7:

OPERATING PARAMETERS: This is not a Generator application. (Generator Application? No) Redundant 505? Master 505? Use DI to XFER Control? Type of Actuator Track Cascade status? Track Auxiliary status? Track Remote status? Communication Communications: Use Communications? Use Modbus Port 1 Mode: ASCII=1 RTU=2 Modbus Device # Port # 1 Driver Port # 1 Baud Rate Port # 1 Stop Bits Port # 1 Parity YES YES in only one 505 NO in the other 505 NO
YES YES YES Configure Port #1
YES YES 2 1 2 10 1 1
CASCADE CONTROL: The Cascade control loop was configured to receive a pump/compressor discharge pressure signal through Analog input #1. (Analog Input #1 Function: Cascade Input) Because a two wire, loop powered transducer is used to interface with the current multiplier , the 505 back cover was removed and JPR11 installed. The 505 was configured to accept a contact from a panel mounted switch to externally enable and disable discharge pressure control. (Contact Input 1 Function: Casc Control Enable). This contact input should have 2 contacts and should be simultaneously connected to Master and Slave 505. Contact Input 1 is used for redundancy. Pump/compressor discharge pressure is directly proportional to turbine inlet valve position, thus input inversion is not required. (Invert Cascade Input? No)
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With this application, Set Point Tracking is not used because the systems pressure set point never changes. (Use Set Point Tracking? No) In this case, because the Cascade PID is not sharing control of discharge pressure with another control, Droop is not needed. (Cascade Droop = 0%) AUXILIARY CONTROL: The Auxiliary control loop was configured to receive a turbine inlet header pressure signal through Analog input #2. (Analog Input #2 Function: Auxiliary Input) Because a two wire, loop powered transducer is used to interface with the current multiplier , the 505 back cover was removed and JPR9 installed. The Auxiliary Input was inverted to allow the correct control action. To increase turbine inlet header pressure, the governor valve must decrease. This is considered an indirect action and requires the input to be inverted. (Invert Aux Input? YES) The Auxiliary PID was programmed to perform as a limiter. (Use Aux Enable? No) Because the Auxiliary PID is used only as a limiter and is not sharing control of inlet pressure with another control, Droop is not needed. (Aux Droop = 0%) TRIPS: In this example the turbine can be tripped by several devices, one of these devices is the 505 control. To provide feedback to the 505 control that the turbine is tripped, a contact from the trip string is wired into the External Emergency Shutdown input (TB12). Both the Master and Slave 505 should get the same input. With this application, the governor trip annunciation should only occur if the 505 tripped the turbine and not annunciate when the other external devices shuts down the unit (Turbine Start: Ext Trips in Trip Relay ?No.) Because the Shutdown relay is used in the trip string to shut down the turbine, additional relays are required for annunciating any turbine trip and annunciating a 505 initiated trip. Relay #3 was programmed to annunciate any turbine trip as follows: (Relays: Use Relay #3Yes ; Relay #3 is a Level Switch?No ; Relay #3 Energizes onShutdown Condition) Relay #4 was programmed to indicate a 505 initiated trip as follows: (Relays: Use Relay #4Yes ; Relay #4 is a Level Switch?No ; Relay #4 Energizes onTrip Relay) Note that Relay #4 de-energizes on a trip condition (excluding external trip inputs) and Relay #3 energizes on a trip (shutdown) condition. It is important to wire any Trip signals to contact inputs on both 505 Units if they are intended to trip the turbine/system. If this is not done and a Trip command is only issued to the In Control Unit, the Tracking Unit Shutdown (Trip) Relay Output may not indicate a Shutdown for up to 350 ms after the In Control Unit indicates the Shutdown condition. DI and DO Both Master and Slave should have a Contact input #1 (Other Unit OK) which should be driven by the Relay output #1 (Unit OK) of the other unit.
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Starting and ramping to an idle or minimum speed position can be performed automatically, semi-automatically, or manually. After the unit is started, the Idle/ Rated or Auto Start Sequence functions, if programmed, can be used to assist ramping the control to a rated speed position or an operator can give a raise command to manually increase turbine speed. After the unit has been started and is controlling at a minimum/desired speed position, Cascade control (pump/compressor discharge pressure) can be enabled through contacts, Modbus commands, or the 505 service panel. When Cascade control is enabled, if actual discharge pressure does not match the set point, the control will automatically ramp turbine speed at the SPEED SET POINT SLOW RATE setting until the pump/compressor discharge pressure does match the set point. With this application the Auxiliary control is used as a limiter, thus it does not need to be enabled. If turbine inlet pressure decreases below the Auxiliary set point at any time the Auxiliary PID will take control of the governor valve and lower it to help preserve inlet header pressure. The F3 key can be used to manually transfer control from one 505 to the other. To complete a transfer, press the F3 key and then the 1/YES key. If, for some reason, the Modbus link has an error, then a 505 (unit B) can be overridden and forced to take control. The operator must verify that the other 505 (unit A) is SD/tripped before overriding unit B. To override a 505 and force it to take control, press the F3 key, press the down arrow on the diamond-shaped keypad, and then press the 1/YES key. See the Service mode section of this manual, for information on related tunable values and rates.
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Chapter 3. Operator Interface

Introduction
Interface to the control may be performed through the 505s service panel (located on the front of the control), remote switch contacts, analog inputs, meter readouts, relays, or a Modbus communications line to an operator interface device.
Keypad and Display

The controls service panel consists of a keypad and LED display (two lines, 24 characters each) located on the front of the control.
Figure 3-1. 505 Keypad and Display
The system operator uses the service panel to communicate with the 505 system. The service panel can be used only occasionally to communicate with the system, or it can continuously monitor a value for the operator to view. The Service Panel, shown in Figure 3-1, includes the 30 key keypad and the split screen display. An overview of the software and information arrangement scheme for the Service Panel is shown in Figure 3-2.
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Service Panel Modes

The 505 Service Panel operates in several access modes, each of which has a different purpose. These modes are: SERVICE, CONFIGURE, DEBUG, OS_FAULTS, and SYS_INFO. See Figure 3-2 , Software Structure Overview. The SERVICE mode can be used while the turbine is running. The SERVICE mode permits displaying the value of any SERVICE mode block, and changing the value of any of those blocks that are tunable. Entry into the SERVICE mode requires a password. The CONFIGURE mode is also referred to as the PROGRAM mode and is used to set up the parameters for a specific application prior to operation of the unit. The turbine must be shut down (and the password entered correctly) to change any CONFIGURE values. If the control is not shutdown, pressing the PRGM key will allow viewing of CONFIGURE, but will not permit any changes to be made. The DEBUG mode is used to troubleshoot a system during development and is not intended for general use. It should be used only by properly trained Woodward personnel or when expressly authorized by Woodward Governor Company. Entry into the DEBUG mode requires a password. The OS_FAULTS mode displays any operating system faults or alarms that have occurred, and permits resetting (clearing) the list of detected alarms. Entry into the OS_FAULTS mode requires a password. The SYS_INFO mode is used to display system information, change passwords, or download a configuration file into the control.
Using the Service Mode

Information that can be displayed by the SERVICE mode and CONFIGURE mode is all arranged in the same way. There are three tiers or levels: modes, headers, and blocks. The modes each have a number of headers under them and each header usually has many blocks under it. The DEBUG mode, the OS_FAULTS mode, and the SYS_INFO use different arrangements and will be described later.
Top Level/Root System Block

This is normally the first block to appear on the display after power up, but may be overwritten by the application program. To get to the Root System block at any time push the CLEAR key once or sometimes twice depending where the user is in the programmable service. The block looks like this:
Pressing the down arrow on the diamond-shaped keypad takes the system to the first level, the mode level.
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Figure 3-2. Software Structure Overview
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Select Mode Level

This first level (below the Top Level/Root System block) contains the five different programmable service mode blocks. The five mode blocks are arranged within the first level as shown in Figure 3-3. Scroll left () or right () to display each mode.
Figure 3-3. The Select Mode Level
When entering the mode level, the SERVICE mode will always be the one displayed first in the mode-level message.
Header Level
The second level is the header level. This level contains the programmable service header blocks as shown in Figure 3-4. Scroll left () or right () to get to each header. Press CLEAR to get back to the Select Mode Level. Scroll down () to get to any block under a header.
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Block Level
The third level, the block level, is shown in Figure 3-5. The programmable service blocks containing the values to be monitored or changed are found at this level. Scroll down () or up () to get to a different block. Push CLEAR to get back to the header level.
Figure 3-5. Block Level
Service Mode
The SERVICE mode can be used while the engine/turbine is running or shut down. The SERVICE mode permits displaying the value of any SERVICE mode block, and changing the value of any of those blocks that are tunable. Entry into the SERVICE mode requires a password. In the SERVICE mode, the value displayed for a block can be changed by using either the ADJ Up or ADJ Down keys. The value can be changed if it is a tunable variable; in this case there will be a * before the value.
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This mode can also be used to make direct numeric entries. However, because this mode is intended to be used while the turbine is running, the Service Panel will accept the entry of numeric values for a block only if the proposed change is very small. The block value proposed for entry must be within 1 percent of the current displayed value of that block, unless that current displayed value is between 0.1 and +0.1. If the current displayed value is between 0.1 and +0.1, the system will accept any entry between 0.1 and +0.1. To make direct numeric entries, first bring the displayed value to within 1% of the value to be entered. Press the ENTER key. Press the numerical keys to input the value and press ENTER again. If the value entered is less than the value displayed by more than 1% or greater than the value displayed by more than 1%, an appropriate message will be displayed indicating the value entered is too large or too small. When using the SERVICE mode, refer to the Service Mode worksheet in Appendix B.
Entering the Service Mode

1. At the select mode level, the following message will appear on the display.
(MMMMMMMM = name of mode: SERVICE, CONFIGURE, DEBUG, OS_FAULTS or SYS_INFO) 2. Press the scroll right () key until the message indicates the SERVICE mode (unless it already does). 3. Press the ENTER key. The following message will be on the display.
For password information see Appendix C at the back of this manual. If the password information is not in this manual, see the supervisor or equipment engineer. 4. Enter the password on the numeric keys, then press the ENTER key. The display will show a SERVICE mode header. An example is shown below.
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The headers and blocks are assigned their names by the application programmer; this is only an example.
5. The @ indicates which half of the split screen display that key entry will affect. Use the SELECT key to select either the top or bottom of the split screen display. (The Xs indicate another header or block which is being shown on the bottom half of the split screen display.) 6. Use the scroll right () or scroll left () key to select the desired SERVICE mode header. 7. Use the scroll up () key or scroll down () key to select the desired SERVICE mode block. A message similar to the one below will be displayed.
(The * indicates this block contains a tunable variable). 8. Use the ADJ Up or ADJ Down keys to increase or decrease the value of the block being displayed. If a faster rate of change is desired simply hold the key down and the rate of change will increase after two seconds and again after six seconds. If a slower rate of change is desired, repeatedly release the key after holding one second then press again. This mode can also be used to make direct numeric entries. However, because this mode is intended to be used while the engine/ turbine is running, the Service Panel will accept the entry of numeric values for a block, only if the proposed change is very small. The block value proposed for entry must be within 1 percent of the current displayed value of that block, unless that current displayed value is between 0.1 and +0.1. If the current displayed value is between 0.1 and +0.1, the system will accept any entry between 0.1 and +0.1. 9. When setting the value of the block has been completed, either go to another block or exit out of the mode. To scroll to another block under the same header, use the scroll down () or scroll up () keys. To go back to the same header, press the CLEAR key. From header level, to go to a block under a different header, scroll to the new header by using the scroll right () or scroll left () key, then scroll to the new block by using the scroll down () or scroll up () key.
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To exit the mode, use the CLEAR key to get back to the header. Then press CLEAR again to get back to the Top Level/Root block. The values of all variables that were changed will then be stored in EEPROM. If the display will not be used for a while, it is a good idea to return to the Top Level/Root display and permit the system to blank the screen to save power and prolong the life of the display.
Exiting Modes
When leaving the SERVICE mode or the CONFIGURE mode and returning to the Root level (by pressing CLEAR), the values of all variables that were changed (while in SERVICE mode or CONFIGURE mode) are stored in EEPROM. If variables are tuned or changed but not stored in EEPROM by pressing CLEAR to return to the root level, then those changes will be lost if power is removed from the control or if the control is reset.
When the display is showing the Top Level/Root block (shown below) the display will turn off if approximately 5 minutes elapse without a key being pressed. If the unit is powered up but the display is blank, press the CLEAR, scroll down (), PRGM, or any hot key to turn the display on. This will turn the display block on.
Configure Mode
The CONFIGURE mode is used to set a system up for a specific application, before actual operation of that system starts. The engine/turbine must be shut down when using the CONFIGURE mode, and numeric entries of any value (within the allowed range for that block) may be made. Entry into the CONFIGURE mode requires a password. If the control is not shutdown, pressing the PRGM key will allow viewing of CONFIGURE, but will not permit changing the value of a block. The structure of the CONFIGURE mode is identical to that of the SERVICE mode (see Figure 3-5). Entry into the CONFIGURE mode will cause an automatic shutdown of all control outputs. The control will prompt SHUTDOWN CONTROL? Y/N. Entering YES will cause all milliamps outputs will go to zero and all relays will de-energize. Entering NO will abort the shutdown. When using the CONFIGURE mode, refer to CONFIGURE/PROGRAM MODE worksheet in Appendix A of Volume 1.
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Since configuring a control or viewing how a control is configured is such a commonly used mode the PRGM (program) key has been designed to take the user directly to step 4 below from anywhere in programmable service except DEBUG, OS_FAULTS, or SYS_INFO. The CONFIGURE mode can also be reached like the other modes by following the steps below. 1. At the mode level the following message will appear on the display.
(MMMMMMMM = name of mode: SERVICE, CONFIGURE, DEBUG, OS_FAULTS or SYS_INFO) 2. Press the scroll right () or scroll left () key until the message indicates the CONFIGURE mode. 3. Press the ENTER key. The following message will be on the display.
For password information see Appendix C at the back of this manual. If the password information is not in this manual, see the supervisor or equipment engineer. 4. Enter the password on the numeric keys, then press the ENTER key. The system will display the following message.
If the NO key is pressed, the system will return to the mode level. If the YES key is pressed, the system will enter the CONFIGURE mode; all control outputs will shut off. The display will show a CONFIGURE mode header. An example is shown below.
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The headers and blocks are assigned their names by the application programmer; this is only an example. The CONFIGURE mode does not use the split-screen as does SERVICE, and DEBUG mode. In the CONFIGURE mode the prompt is displayed on the top line and the variable to be configured is displayed on the second line. 5. Use the scroll right () or scroll left () key to select the desired CONFIGURE mode header. 6. Use the scroll down () key or scroll up () key to select the desired CONFIGURE mode block. 7. Enter the desired value on the numeric keys and press the ENTER key. 8. When setting the value of the block has been completed, either go to another block or exit out of the mode. To scroll to another block under the same header, use the scroll down () or scroll up () keys. To go back to the header, press the CLEAR key. From header level, to go to a block under a different header, scroll to the new header by using the scroll right () or scroll left () key, then scroll to the new block by using the scroll down () or scroll up () key. To exit the mode, use the CLEAR key to get back to the header. Then press CLEAR again to get back to the Top Level/Root block. The values of all variables that were changed will then be stored in EEPROM. If the display is not going to be used for a while, it is a good idea to return to the Top Level/Root display and permit the system to blank the display to save power and prolong its life.
DEBUG Mode
The DEBUG mode is used to troubleshoot a system during development and is not intended for general use. It should be used only by properly trained Woodward personnel or when expressly authorized by Woodward Governor Company. Entry into the DEBUG mode requires a password. For password information see Appendix C at the back of this manual. If the password information is not in this manual, see the supervisor or equipment engineer.
The DEBUG mode is intended for use only by authorized and trained personnel to maintain and troubleshoot the system. Use of the DEBUG mode by untrained or unauthorized personnel could result in inadvertently changing critical system values; changing critical system values could cause equipment damage or personnel injury or death. Do not permit unauthorized personnel to use the DEBUG mode.
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The information in the DEBUG mode is arranged as shown in Figure 3-6. Scroll down to go from a category to a block; scroll up or down to go to another block. Scroll left or right to go from a block to a field of that block, or from one field to another field of the same block. All tunable values that are used in SERVICE or CONFIGURE modes will not show up in DEBUG mode. Any value that is tunable but is not used in SERVICE mode or CONFIGURE mode will appear as a tunable, and can be tuned, in DEBUG mode. When exiting the DEBUG mode, all tunable values that have been changed will be stored in EEPROM memory.
Figure 3-6. Debug Information Arrangement
Pressing the . key while in the DEBUG mode will switch the display to the SERVICE mode; pressing the . key again will switch the display back to the DEBUG mode.
OS_FAULTS Mode
The OS_FAULTS mode displays all operating system faults or alarms that have occurred since the last Faults Reset operation. It also permits resetting (clearing) the alarm list. The OS_FAULTS mode headers are: Faults DetectedDisplays faults detected since the last power down. Alarms DetectedDisplays alarms detected since the last time the alarm list was cleared. Clear Alarms DetectedClears the alarm list. The information in the OS_FAULTS mode is arranged as shown in Figure 3-7.
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Figure 3-7. OS_FAULTS Mode Information Arrangement
1. To Enter the OS_FAULTS mode: The following message will be displayed when the system is at the select mode level.
(MMMMMMMM = name of mode: SERVICE, CONFIGURE, DEBUG, OS_FAULTS or SYS_INFO) 2. Press the scroll left () or scroll right () key until the message indicates the OS_FAULTS mode. 3. Press the ENTER key. The following message will be on the display.
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For password information see Appendix C at the back of this manual. If the password information is not in this manual, see the supervisor or equipment engineer. 4. Enter the password on the numeric keys and press the ENTER key. The header shown below will be displayed.
5. Use the scroll left () or scroll right () key to select the desired OS_FAULTS mode header. The header will display as shown below.
or
or
Faults Detected Header 1. While the Faults Detected header is displaying, use the scroll down () key or scroll up () key to display the faults detected under it. A message describing the most recent fault detected will display under the header message, as shown below.
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2. Press scroll down () to see the next fault detected. Each time scroll down () or scroll up () is pressed, another fault detected under this header will display. An example is shown below.
If no faults have been detected, the following message will display for one second.
After one second, only the header message will display.
3. From a displaying fault message, to go back to the Faults Detected header, press the CLEAR key. 4. To go from the Faults Detected header to the Top Level/Root display, press the CLEAR key again. If the display is not going to be used for a while, it is a good idea to return to the Top Level/Root display and permit the system to blank the display to save power and prolong its life. The meanings of the fault messages generated by the 505 System are shown in Chapter 6. Alarms Detected Header 1. While the Alarms Detected header is displaying, use the scroll down () key to display the alarms detected under it. A message describing the most recent alarm detected will display under the header message, as shown below.
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2. Press scroll down () to see the next alarm detected. Each time scroll down () or scroll up () is pressed, another detected alarm will display. An example is shown below.
If no faults have been detected, the following message will display for one second.
After one second, only the header message will display. 3. From a displaying alarm message, to go back to the Alarms Detected header, press the CLEAR key. 4. To go from the Alarms Detected header to the Top Level/Root display, press the CLEAR key. If the display is not going to be used for a while, it is a good idea to return to the Top Level/Root display and permit the system to blank the display to save power and prolong its life. The meanings of the alarm messages generated by the 505 System are shown in Chapter 6. Clear Alarms Detected Header 1. To clear the alarm list, while the Clear Alarms Detected header is displaying, press the scroll down () key. The following message will be displayed.
2. To clear the alarm list, press Y (for Yes). The alarm list will be cleared. The following message will appear for one second.
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If any other key is pressed, the display will return to the header level and only the following message will appear.
3. To go from the Clear Alarms Detected header to the Top Level/Root display, press the CLEAR key. If the display is not going to be used for a while, it is a good idea to return to the Top Level/Root display and permit the system to blank the display to save power and prolong its life.
SYS_INFO Mode
The SYS_INFO mode displays information about the system. It also permits changing passwords for the different modes and loading a configuration file from a personal computer. The SYS_INFO mode headers are: System InformationDisplays software version and information about the application program. Change PasswordAllows user to change all the system passwords for the various modes. Download ConfigurationAllows the user to download a configuration file from a personal computer. The information in the SYS_INFO mode is arranged as shown in Figure 3-8.
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Figure 3-8. SYS_INFO Mode Information Arrangement
To enter the SYS_INFO mode: 1. The following message will be displayed when the system is at the select mode level.
(MMMMMMMM = name of mode: SERVICE, CONFIGURE, DEBUG, OS_FAULTS or SYS_INFO) 2. Press the scroll left () or scroll right () key until the message indicates the SYS_INFO mode.
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3. Press the ENTER key. The header shown below will be displayed.
4. Use the scroll left () or scroll right () key to select the desired SYS_INFO mode header. The header will display as shown below.
or
or
System Information Header 1. While the System Information header is displaying, use the scroll down () key to display the system information under it. A message will display as shown below.
This is information about the version being used.
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2. Continue to Press scroll down () to see more system information. The messages will appear as shown below.
3. From a system information message, to go back to the System Information header, press the CLEAR key. 4. To go from the System Information header to the Top Level/Root display, press the CLEAR key. If the display is not going to be used for a while, it is a good idea to return to the Top Level/Root display and permit the system to blank the display to save power and prolong its life. Change Password Header If any password is changed and that new password is forgotten or lost, the user will be locked out of that mode or function forever. It is suggested that changed passwords be documented and kept in a secure place so that authorized personnel have access to them. 1. While the Change Password header is displaying, use the scroll down () key or scroll up () key to enter the Change Password blocks. The following message will be displayed:
(MMMMMMMM = name of mode: SERVICE, CONFIGURE, DEBUG, OS_FAULTS, or EEPROM_DNLD)
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2. Press scroll left () or scroll right () to see the next passworded mode or function. Push ENTER when the desired mode or function is displayed. Carefully follow the instructions displayed on the screen. 3. From a change password message, to go back to the Change Password header, press the CLEAR key. 4. To go from the Change Password header to the Top Level/Root display, press the CLEAR key again. If the display is not going to be used for a while, it is a good idea to return to the Top Level/Root display and permit the system to blank the display to save power and prolong its life. Download Configuration Header The Download function is to be used only by Woodward certified technicians. 1. While the Download Configuration header is displaying, use the scroll down () key to enter this function. A message will display as shown below.
For password information, see Appendix D at the back of this manual. If the password information is not in this manual, see the supervisor or equipment engineer. 2. Enter the password on the numeric keys, then press the ENTER key. The system will display the following message. Entry into the SYS_INFO/Download configuration mode while the engine/turbine is running will cause an automatic shutdown of the engine/turbine with resulting process stoppage. The control will prompt SHUTDOWN CONTROL? Y/N. Entering YES will shutdown the engine/turbine. All milliamps outputs will go to zero and all relays will de-energize. Entering NO will abort the shutdown.
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3. If the NO key is pressed the system will return to the Download Configuration header. If the YES key is pressed, the system will display the following message.
4. Push CLEAR to abort the configuration download, or else download the configuration. Then push the CLEAR key to begin running the control with the new configuration parameters.
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Chapter 4. Service Mode Procedures

Overview
The service mode of the 505 control has the same easy to follow format as the program mode. The service mode can be used to customize the control to be more application specific. The parameters that are tuned in the service mode may affect system performance, caution is advised. The service mode of the 505 can be accessed at any time the control is powered up. The turbine doesnt need to be shutdown. This will allow tuning while the turbine is on-line. Figure 4-1 illustrates the steps to enter the service mode. The service mode is password protected. The password is required to protect against both intentional and inadvertent program changes. The password can be changed if desired, refer to Appendix C of this manual for information on changing passwords.
Figure 4-1. Service Mode Entry Woodward 67
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The 505 Service Mode

Using Service Menus
Once the Service Mode has been entered with the password, any of service value that has a * before it can be adjusted. A work sheet is provided at the end of this manual, to document any changes for future reference. Figure 4-2 illustrates the 505 service menus and the questions/options available under each block. The arrow keys (STEP LEFT, STEP RIGHT) allow you to move right or left across the tops of the function the Service mode columns. The STEP UP and STEP DOWN keys allow you to move up or down the columns. Not all of the service headers listed below will appear at all times. Only the headers that are necessary for the application will appear. Some of the headers will not appear unless the turbine is shutdown.
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Figure 4-2a. Service Mode Blocks
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Figure 4-2b. Service Mode Blocks
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Figure 4-2c. Service Mode Blocks
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Figure 4-2d. Service Mode Blocks
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Figure 4-2e. Service Mode Blocks
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Figure 4-2f. Service Mode Blocks
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Figure 4-2g. Service Mode Blocks
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Figure 4-2h. Service Mode Blocks
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Figure 4-2i. Service Mode Blocks Woodward 77
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Service Mode Blocks

Figure 4-2 shows the 29 service columns/blocks. The actual blocks that appear will vary with the program configuration. To enter the Service Mode, use the procedure described above. To use the Service mode, simply step through the blocks as described above and change the control features for your application. The first twelve service columns will appear for every installation. The remaining seventeen columns contain optional features which can be selected if desired. The 29 columns and their basic functions are described in detail below.
Service Blocks
Speed Control Settingsmonitor or change the program or default settings of; rate to min; set point slow rate; delay for the fast rate; set point fast rate; speed set point entered rate; underspeed setting; on-line and off-line derivative; Alarmsmonitor or change the program or default settings of; is trip an alarm indication; blink alarm relay; jump to alarm screen; Key Optionsallow or disable controlled stop and dynamics adjustments; MPU Override Settingsmonitor or change program or default settings of; MPU override timer; MPU override time; MPU (s) override timer is on; Valve Limiter Settingsmonitor or change program or default settings of; valve limiter rate; entered rate; limiter max limit; at start-up, SD at max; Monitor Contact Inputsmonitor the status of the contact inputs; Monitor Relay Outputsmonitor the status of the relay outputs; change Alarm relay energize/de-energize; Force Relay Outputsforcing of the relays, between de-energized and energized state, when the turbine is shutdown; Monitor Speed Inputsmonitors the speed input (s) Monitor Analog Inputsmonitor the status of the analog inputs; Analog Input Adjustmentsoffset and gain adjustments to the analog inputs; Monitor Analog Outputsmonitor the status of the analog outputs; Valve Linearizationprovides actuator 1 and actuator 2 output linearization adjustments; Port Configurationschange or view the default settings of baud rate, stop bits, parity, driver, communications mode, device number, time out delay for port.
Optional Service Blocks

Speed Control Droop Settingschange the program or default settings of; droop percentage; use KW droop; select gen load units; Auto Start Sequence Settingsmonitor the status of; low idle delay; rate to hi idle; hi idle delay; rate to rated; hrs since trip; 78 Woodward
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Idle/Rated Ramp Settingschange the program or default settings of; idle rated rate; use ramp to idle; idle priority; rated priority; Sync/Load Share Settingschange the program or default settings of; input bias gain; input bias deadband; lag-tau value; Remote Speed Settingschange the program or default settings of; not matched rate; speed setpt max rate; min speed setpt; max speed setpt; rmt deadband value; lag-tau value; Cascade Control Settingschange the program or default settings of; slow rate; fast rate delay; setpt fast rate; setpt entered rate; droop %; rated casc setpt; casc not matched rate; max speed rate; max speed setting; min speed setting; casc deadband; casc derivative ratio; breaker enable contact; Remote Cascade Settingschange the program or default settings of; rmt not matched rate; rmt casc max rate; min rmt casc setting; max rmt casc setting; rmt deadband value; lag-tau value; Auxiliary Control Settingschange the program or default settings of; slow rate; fast rate delay; setpt fast rate; setpt entered rate; droop % ; rated aux setpt; aux derivative ratio; aux threshold; Remote Auxiliary Settingschange the program or default settings of; rmt not matched rate; rmt aux max rate; min rmt aux setting; max rmt aux setting; rmt deadband value; lag-tau value; Breaker Logic Valueschange the program or default settings of; freq cntrl armed; sync window rpm; sync window rate; tiebrkr open ramp; tie open rate; gen open setback; gen open setpt; use min load; min load bias; zero load value; max spd on load; freq offset (Hz); freq db (Hz); gen opn pos; plant load (%); hold brkr chng; Local/Remote Functionsmonitor or change the program or default settings of; remote ennobled; enable contacts; contacts enabled; enable Modbus 1; Modbus 1 enabled; enable Modbus 2; Modbus 2 enabled; Pressure Compensationprovides inlet pressure compensation for actuator 1; Driver 2 Readoutmonitor the current output of actuator 2 when configured for readout; offset and gain adjustments of actuator 2 when configured for Readout; Port 1 Settingsmonitor or change the program or default settings of; port 1 link error; exception error, error code; use Modbus 1 trip; use 2-step trip; enabled when local; trip always enabled; Port 2 Settingsmonitor or change the program or default settings of; port 2 link error; exception error, error code; use Modbus 2 trip; use 2-step trip; enabled when local; trip always enabled; Communication Analog Scaling Settingschange the default settings of; cascade scale factor; auxiliary scale factor; kW scale factor; fsp scale factor; ld shr scale factor; Each of the service blocks are described in detail below. Figure 4-2 can be referred to for a graphical service mode block reference. Pressing the down arrow key will step through the column and back to the top of the column, use the left or right arrow keys to select the next column to change/check.
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All service program questions will display on the left side of the line the @ symbol is on, all entries made will be displayed on the right side of the same line. At the beginning of each column the control will display the header, pushing the down arrow will access the column. The line the @ symbol is on will be affected, the other line of the display will not change, use the SELECT button to move the @ symbol to the other line of the display so another parameter can be displayed. This gives the operator the flexibility in the service mode to display or tune two different values by using the SELECT button . The service blocks contain information detailing each question and/or 505 program service option. Each question/option shows the default (dflt) value and the adjustable range of that parameter (shown in parentheses). In addition, any additional constraints on the configuration are shown in italics following the description. There is a service mode worksheet in the appendix of this manual that should be completed and filled-in and used as a guide the site specific application. This worksheet can also be used for future reference to document your application program.
Service Mode Worksheet Parameters

Speed Control Settings
When this header appears in the display, press the down arrow key to view or change this block or press the left or right arrow key to select another block to change. RATE TO MIN ( RPM/S ) dflt= xxx (0.01, 2000) Adjusts the rate the set point moves from zero to the minimum controlling speed when the unit is started. The minimum controlling speed will be either idle if idle/rated is used or low idle if the auto start sequence is used. If neither of these startup features is used, the min speed will be the minimum governor speed set point. This value is set in the program mode. SLOW RATE OFFLINE (RPM/S) dflt= xxx (0.01, 500) Normal speed set point rate of change while in the OFFLINE mode of operation. This value is set in the program mode. SLOW RATE ONLINE (RPM/S) dflt= xxx (0.01, 500) Normal speed set point rate of change while in the ONLINE mode of operation. This value is set in the program mode. FAST RATE DELAY (SEC) dflt= 3.0 (0, 100) Delay, in seconds, before the Setpt 'Fast Rate' ONLINE/OFFLINE is selected. FAST RATE OFFLINE (RPM/S) dflt= xxx (0.0099, 500.0) This rate is defaulted to three times (3x) the Slow Rate OFFLINE. This value can be changed to a new value, however, the HOLD CHANGES prompt must be set to YES to retain the change. If not, the value will return to the default on the next initialization. FAST RATE ONLINE (RPM/S) dflt= xxx (0.0099, 500.0) This rate is defaulted to three times (3x) the Slow Rate ONLINE. This value can be changed to a new value, however, the HOLD CHANGES prompt must be set to YES to retain the change. If not, the value will return to the default on the next initialization. OVERSPEED RATE (RPM/S) dflt= xxx (0.0099, 500.0) This rate is defaulted to the Slow Rate OFFLINE. This value can be changed to a new value, however, the HOLD CHANGES prompt must be set to YES to retain the change. If not, the value will return to the default on the next initialization.
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ENTERED RATE OFFLINE (RPM/S) dflt= xxx (0.0099, 500.0) This is the rate that the Speed set point will move when set point is entered from the front panel of the control or from the communication links while in the OFFLINE mode of operation. This rate is defaulted to the Slow RATE OFFLINE. This value can be changed to a new value, however, the HOLD CHANGES prompt must be set to YES to retain the change. If not, the value will return to the default on the next initialization. ENTERED RATE ONLINE (RPM/S) dflt= xxx (0.0099, 500.0) This is the rate that the Speed set point will move when set point is entered from the front panel of the control or from the communication links while in the ONLINE mode of operation. This rate is defaulted to the S RATE ONLINE. This value can be changed to a new value, however, the HOLD CHANGES prompt must be set to YES to retain the change. If not, the value will return to the default on the next initialization. UNDERSPEED SETTING (RPM) dflt= xxx (0.0, 20000) Only used if an underspeed relay is programmed. Speed setting for the underspeed indication. This rate is defaulted to 100 rpm below the Minimum Governor Speed Setpt. This value can be changed to a new value, however, the HOLD CHANGES prompt must be set to YES to retain the change. If not, the value will return to the default on the next initialization. OFF-LINE DERIVATIVE RATIO dflt= xxx (0.01, 100) Speed PID Derivative Ratio when in off-line mode. When this value is between 0.01 and 1.0, the derivative term is considered to be input dominant and the derivative is equal to (Deriv Ratio)/(Integral Gain). When this value is between 1.0 and 100, the derivative term is considered to be feedback dominant and the derivative is equal to 1.0/[(Deriv Ratio)*(Integral Gain)]. This value is set in the program mode. ON-LINE DERIVATIVE RATIO dflt= xxx (0.01, 100) Speed PID Derivative Ratio when in on-line mode. When this value is between 0.01 and 1.0, the derivative term is considered to be input dominant and the derivative is equal to (Deriv Ratio)/(Integral Gain). When this value is between 1.0 and 100, the derivative term is considered to be feedback dominant and the derivative is equal to 1.0/[(Deriv Ratio)*(Integral Gain)]. This value is set in the program mode. HOLD SPEED CHANGES ? dflt= NO (Yes/No) Set to YES to permanently Hold the changes made to the Set Point Fast Rate, the Entered Rate, and Underspeed settings. To permanently save these changes into the 505, set to YES and select the CLEAR key twice.
Alarms
When this header appears in the display, press the down arrow key to view or change this block or press the left or right arrow key to select another block to change. IS TRIP AN ALARM ? dflt= YES (Yes/No) When set to YES, any trip condition will also be annunciated as an alarm. When NO, a trip condition will not necessarily mean an alarm will be issued. BLINK ALARMS ? dflt= NO (Yes/No) Set to YES if want an indication if another alarm occurs when an alarm is already present. When set to YES, the alarm relay blinks when an alarm condition occurs until a reset command is issued. If the alarm still exists, the relay will stay energized, but will stop blinking until another alarm occurs. When NO, the alarm relay indicates an alarm continuously whenever an alarm condition exists.
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JUMP TO ALARMS SCREEN ? dflt= NO (Yes/No) When set to YES, the alarm (F1) menu automatically appears on the front panel display identifying the cause of the alarm at the time of the alarm. When NO, the alarm only shows up when the F1 key is pressed. Also disables the controlling parameter message from automatically appearing when all alarms are cleared. INVERT EXTERNAL ALARM dflt= NO (Yes/No) When set to YES, all the external alarm inputs will be read as an alarm condition when the input is open. When NO, all the external alarm inputs will be read as an alarm condition when the input is closed. INVERT I/H FAULT dflt= NO (Yes/No) When set to YES, the I/H FAULT input will be read as a fault condition when the input is open. When NO, the I/H FAULT input will be read as a fault condition when the input is closed. SHUTDOWN ON POWER-UP? dflt= YES (Yes/No) When set to YES, the control will initially power-up in a Shutdown state requiring a operator reset to start. When set to NO the unit will initialize into a ready to start mode if all shutdown conditions are clear. This option should always be set to YES when the control is configured for Redundant operation.
Key Options
When this header appears in the display, press the down arrow key to view or change this block or press the left or right arrow key to select another block to change. USE STOP COMMAND ? dflt= YES (Yes/No) When set to YES, allows the Controlled Stop command to be used. When NO, the Controlled Stop feature is disabled from front panel, Modbus, and contact commands. USE DYNAMICS KEY ADJUSTMENTS ? dflt= YES (Yes/No) When set to YES, allows the dynamics of all PIDs to be adjusted. When NO, the DYN (dynamics) key and PID proportional and integral gain adjustments are no longer available.
Speed Control Droop Settings (only if generator unit)

When this header appears in the display, press the down arrow key to view or change this block or press the left or right arrow key to select another block to change. ACTUAL DROOP (%) (status indication only) Shows the actual Speed/load control droop being used by the controller. MINIMUM DROOP (%)? dflt= 0.0 (0.0, 4.0) When setting the droop from the keypad this defines the minimum droop value that can be set. MAXIMUM DROOP (%)? dflt= 12.0 (2.0, 15.0) When setting the droop from the keypad this defines the maximum droop value that can be set. USE KW DROOP ? dflt= YES (Yes/No) When set to NO, the unit is forced to use speed demand/actuator position droop. This setting is used and relevant if KW Droop was programmed. GEN LOAD UNITS = MW ? dflt= NO (Yes/No) When set to NO the generator load units are KW. When YES the units are set to MW under the KW/9 key of the 505 front panel. This allows the 505 to display load units in terms of MW as opposed to KW. 82 Woodward
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MPU Override
When this header appears in the display, press the down arrow key to view or change this block or press the left or right arrow key to select another block to change. USE MPU OVERRIDE TIMER ? dflt= NO (Yes/No) When set to YES, the MPU override will go OFF when the MPU Override Time expires after a start is initiated. This provides a maximum time for speed to be sensed on startup before a loss of speed is detected. MPU OVERRIDE TIME (SEC) dflt= 600.0 (0.0, 600) Sets the maximum time after a start is initiated for speed to be sensed above the failure level. Only valid if Use MPU Override Timer? is YES. MPU #1 OVERRIDE ON STATUS (status indication only) Indicates when the speed probe failure override is on. MPU #2 OVERRIDE ON STATUS (status indication only) Indicates when the speed probe failure override is on. This status message only appears if the application is using two speed probes.
Auto Start Sequence (only displayed if configured)

When this header appears in the display, press the down arrow key to view or change this block or press the left or right arrow key to select another block to change. The following information is provided to display the information useful to the auto start sequence. It allows the operator to check all the times and rates that the 505 is using for the present start sequence. IDLE DELAY (MIN) (status indication only) Indicates the hold time any Low Idle, in minutes. RATE TO IDLE2 (RPM/S) (status indication only) Indicates the acceleration rate, in rpm/s; used by the control from Idle to Idle2. IDLE2 DELAY (MIN) (status indication only) Indicates the hold time at Idle2, in minutes. RATE TO IDLE3 (RPM/S) (status indication only) Indicates the acceleration rate, in rpm/s; used by the control from Idle2 to Idle3. IDLE3 DELAY (MIN) (status indication only) Indicates the hold time at Idle3, in minutes. RATE TO RATED (RPM/S) (status indication only) Indicates the acceleration rate, in rpm/s; used by the control from High Idle to Rated. HOURS SINCE TRIP (HRS) (status indication only) Indicates the number of hours the unit was tripped, as determined by the control.
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Idle/Rated Ramp (only displayed if configured)

When this header appears in the display, press the down arrow key to view or change this block or press the left or right arrow key to select another block to change. IDLE/RATED RATE (RPM/S) dflt= xxx (0.01, 2000) Rate at which the speed set point will ramp from idle to rated speed. This value is set in the program mode. USE RAMP TO IDLE FUNCTION? dflt= YES (Yes/No) Set to YES if want to return to idle speed with this function. If set to NO, the Idle/ Rated function acts as a Ramp to Rated function and will not return to idle. When set to NO, closing the Idle/Rated contact accelerates the speed set point towards Rated and opening the contact stops the acceleration. IDLE PRIORITY ? dflt= NO (Yes/No) If YES, the set point will move to Idle whenever Idle is selected. If NO, the set point will move to Idle only if Remote Speed Set Point is not enabled, Cascade control is not enabled, Auxiliary controller is not enabled, and the Generator Breaker is open.
Sync/Load Share Settings (only displayed if configured)

When this header appears in the display, press the down arrow key to view or change this block or press the left or right arrow key to select another block to change. INPUT BIAS GAIN (%) dflt= xxx (0.0, 100) Affects the rpm bias the Sync/Load Sharing input has on the speed setting. This setting is defaulted to the Droop (%) value or 3%, whichever is higher. This value can be changed to a new value, however, the HOLD CHANGES prompt must be set to YES to retain the change. If not, the value will return to the default on the next initialization. INPUT BIAS DEADBAND VALUE dflt= 0.0 (0.0, 100) Load Share deadband in rpm. LAG-TAU VALUE dflt= 0.0 (0.0, 10) Load Sharing input lag setting. HOLD BIAS CHANGES ? dflt= NO (Yes/No) Set to YES to permanently Hold the changes made to the Load Share Gain (%). To permanently save these changes into the 505, set to YES and select the CLEAR key twice.
Remote Speed Settings (only displayed if configured)

When this header appears in the display, press the down arrow key to view or change this block or press the left or right arrow key to select another block to change. NOT MATCHED RATE dflt= xxx (0.0099, 200.0) Rate the set point moves when remote is enabled and the remote input doesnt match the actual set point. This rate is defaulted to the set point slow rate. This value can be changed to a new value, however, the HOLD CHANGES prompt must be set to YES to retain the change. If not, the value will return to the default on the next initialization.
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SPEED SETPT MAX RATE dflt= xxx (0.01, 500) Rate the set point moves once the remote input and actual set point are matched. This is a maximum rate. Normally the set point will follow the remote input setting. This value is set in the program mode. MINIMUM SPEED SETTING dflt= xxx (0.0, 20000) Minimum setting allowed by the remote input. This setting is defaulted to the Speed Set Point Minimum Governor Speed Value. This value can be changed to a new value, however, the HOLD CHANGES prompt must be set to YES to retain the change. If not, the value will return to the default on the next initialization. (Must be between the Minimum Governor Speed and the Maximum Governor Speed settings) MAXIMUM SPEED SETTING dflt= xxx (0.0, 20000) Maximum setting allowed by the remote input. This setting is defaulted to the Speed Set Point Maximum Governor Speed Value. This value can be changed to a new value, however, the HOLD CHANGES prompt must be set to YES to retain the change. If not, the value will return to the default on the next initialization. (Must be between the Minimum Governor Speed and the Maximum Governor Speed settings and greater than Minimum Speed Setting) REMOTE DEADBAND VALUE dflt= 0.0 (0.0, 100) Remote speed setting deadband in rpm. REMOTE LAG-TAU VALUE dflt= 0.0 (0.0, 10) Remote Set Point input lag setting. USE MIN LOAD ? dflt= YES (Yes/No) When set to YES, the speed set point cannot be lowered/decreased by the remote speed set point input below the rated/synchronous speed set point plus the Min Load Bias setting. This is used to prevent a reverse power condition as well as allowing the plant to utilize a minimum load setting for the generator. When NO, the remote speed set point can move the speed set point down to the higher of the minimum governor setting or the RSS 4 mA value. HOLD RMT CHANGES ? dflt= NO (Yes/No) Set to YES to permanently Hold the changes made to the Remote Not Matched Rate and the Maximum and Minimum Speed Settings. To permanently save these changes into the 505, set to YES and select the CLEAR key twice.
Cascade Control Settings (only displayed if configured)

When this header appears in the display, press the down arrow key to view or change this block or press the left or right arrow key to select another block to change. SLOW RATE (UNITS/S) dflt= xxx (0.01, 1000) Normal set point rate of change. This value is set in the program mode. FAST RATE DELAY (SEC) dflt= 3.0 (0.0, 100) Delay, in seconds, before the Setpt Fast Rate is selected. SETPT FAST RATE (UNITS/S) dflt= xxx (0.01, 5000) This rate is defaulted to three times (3x) the set point Slow Rate. This value can be changed to a new value, however, the HOLD CHANGES prompt must be set to YES to retain the change. If not, the value will return to the default on the next initialization.
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SETPT ENTERED RATE (UNITS/S) dflt= xxx (0.01, 1000) This is the rate that the Cascade set point will move when set point is entered from the front panel of the control or from the communication links. This rate is defaulted to the Cascade set point slow rate. This value can be changed to a new value, however, the HOLD CHANGES prompt must be set to YES to retain the change. If not, the value will return to the default on the next initialization. DROOP (%) dflt= xxx (0.0, 100) Cascade control droop setting. This value is set in the program mode. RATED CASC SETPT dflt= xxx (-20000, 20000) This setting is only used to determine the cascade control droop. This set point is defaulted to the cascade maximum set point limit. This value can be changed to a new value, however, the HOLD CHANGES prompt must be set to YES to retain the change. If not, the value will return to the default on the next initialization. (Must be between the Minimum Cascade Set Point and the Maximum Cascade Set Point settings) CASC NOT MATCHED RATE dflt= xxx (0.01, 1000) This rate is defaulted to the Speed Set Point Slow Rate. This value can be changed to a new value, however, the HOLD CHANGES prompt must be set to YES to retain the change. If not, the value will return to the default on the next initialization. MAX SPEED SETPT RATE dflt= xxx (0.1, 100) The maximum rate at which the cascade control can vary the speed set point. This value is set in the program mode. MAXIMUM SPEED SETTING dflt= xxx (0.0, 20000) This setting is defaulted to the maximum speed set point value set in the program mode. This value can be changed to a new value, however, the HOLD CHANGES prompt must be set to YES to retain the change. If not, the value will return to the default on the next initialization. (Must be between the Minimum Governor Speed and the Maximum Governor Speed settings) MINIMUM SPEED SETTING dflt= xxx (0.0, 20000) This setting is defaulted to the minimum speed set point value set in the program mode. This value can be changed to a new value, however, the HOLD CHANGES prompt must be set to YES to retain the change. If not, the value will return to the default on the next initialization. (Must be between the Minimum Governor Speed and the Maximum Governor Speed settings) CASC PID INT DEADBAND dflt= 0.1 (0.0, 50) Cascade PID controller integrator deadband setting in engineering units. CASC PID DERIVATIVE RATIO dflt= xxx (0.01, 100) Cascade PID controller derivative ratio setting. When this value is between 0.01 and 1.0, the derivative term is considered to be input dominant and the derivative is equal to (Deriv Ratio)/(Integral Gain). When this value is between 1.0 and 100, the derivative term is considered to be feedback dominant and the derivative is equal to 1.0/[(Deriv Ratio)*(Integral Gain)]. This value is set in the program mode. RAISE /LOWER CASCADE SET POINT ONLY ? dflt= NO (Yes/No) When set to NO, the cascade raise/lower commands will adjust the speed set point when cascade control is disabled and adjust the cascade set point when cascade control is enabled. When YES, the cascade raise/lower commands adjust the cascade set point only.
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USE MIN LOAD ? dflt= YES (Yes/No) When set to YES, the speed set point cannot be lowered/decreased by the cascade control PID below the rated/synchronous speed set point plus the min load bias setting. This is used to prevent a reverse power condition as well as allowing the plant to utilize a minimum load setting for the generator. When NO, the cascade control PID can move the speed set point down to the cascade minimum speed setting value. BRKR ENBL CONT dflt= TRUE (Yes/No) Set to TRUE to have unit automatically disable cascade when either the utility or generator breaker opens. If FALSE, then the cascade input will need to be cycled to resume control after the breaker is closed. HOLD CASC CHANGES ? dflt= NO (Yes/No) Set to YES to permanently Hold the changes made to the Fast Rate, Entered Rate, Rated Setpt, Casc Not Matched Rate, Maximum Speed Setting and Minimum Speed Setting. To permanently save these changes into the 505, set to YES and select the CLEAR key twice.
Remote Casc Settings (only displayed if configured)

When this header appears in the display, press the down arrow key to view or change this block or press the left or right arrow key to select another block to change. REMOTE NOT MATCHED RATE dflt= xxx (0.01, 1000) Rate the set point moves when remote is enabled and the remote input doesnt match the actual set point. This rate is defaulted to the Cascade Set Point Slow Rate. This value can be changed to a new value, however, the HOLD CHANGES prompt must be set to YES to retain the change. If not, the value will return to the default on the next initialization. RMT CASC SETPT MAX RATE dflt= xxx (0.01, 1000) Rate the set point moves once the remote input and actual set point are matched. This is a maximum rate. Normally the set point will follow the remote cascade input setting. This rate is set in the Program Mode. MINIMUM CASC SETTING dflt= xxx (-20000, 20000) Minimum setting allowed by the remote input. This setting is defaulted to the Minimum Cascade Set Point Value. This value can be changed to a new value, however, the HOLD CHANGES prompt must be set to YES to retain the change. If not, the value will return to the default on the next initialization. (Must be between the Minimum Cascade Set Point and the Maximum Cascade Set Point settings) MAXIMUM CASC SETTING dflt= xxx (-20000, 20000) Maximum setting allowed by the remote input. This setting is defaulted to the Maximum Cascade Set Point Value. This value can be changed to a new value, however, the HOLD CHANGES prompt must be set to YES to retain the change. If not, the value will return to the default on the next initialization. (Must be between the Minimum Cascade Set Point and the Maximum Cascade Set Point settings) REMOTE DEADBAND VALUE dflt= 0.0 (0.0, 500) Remote cascade setting input deadband in engineering units. REMOTE LAG-TAU VALUE dflt= 0.0 (0.0, 10) Remote Set Point input lag setting. HOLD RMT CASC CHANGES ? dflt= NO (Yes/No) Set to YES to permanently Hold the changes made to the Remote Not Matched Rate and the Maximum and Minimum Casc Settings. To permanently save these changes into the 505, set to YES and select the CLEAR key twice. Woodward 87
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Aux Control Settings (only displayed if configured)

When this header appears in the display, press the down arrow key to view or change this block or press the left or right arrow key to select another block to change. SLOW RATE (UNITS/S) dflt= xxx (0.01, 1000) Normal set point rate of change. This value is set in the program mode. FAST RATE DELAY (SEC) dflt= 3.0 (0.0, 100) Delay, in seconds, before the Fast Rate of change is selected. FAST RATE (UNITS/S) dflt= xxx (0.01, 5000) This rate is defaulted to three times (3x) the Set Point Slow Rate. This value can be changed to a new value, however, the HOLD CHANGES prompt must be set to YES to retain the change. If not, the value will return to the default on the next initialization. SETPT ENTERED RATE (UNITS/S) dflt= xxx (0.01, 1000) This is the rate that the Aux set point will move when set point is entered from the front panel of the control or from the communication links. This rate is defaulted to the Aux set point slow rate. This value can be changed to a new value, however, the HOLD CHANGES prompt must be set to YES to retain the change. If not, the value will return to the default on the next initialization. DROOP (%) dflt= xxx (0.0, 100) Aux control droop setting. This value is set in the program mode. RATED AUX SETPT dflt= xxx (-20000, 20000) Only used to determine the auxiliary control Droop. This set point is defaulted to the aux maximum set point limit. This value can be changed to a new value, however, the HOLD CHANGES prompt must be set to YES to retain the change. If not, the value will return to the default on the next initialization. (Must be between the Minimum Auxiliary Set Point and the Maximum Auxiliary Set Point settings) AUX PID DERIV RATIO dflt= 100 (0.01, 100) Aux PID controller derivative ratio setting. When this value is between 0.01 and 1.0, the derivative term is considered to be input dominant and the derivative is equal to (Deriv Ratio)/(Integral Gain). When this value is between 1.0 and 100, the derivative term is considered to be feedback dominant and the derivative is equal to 1.0/ [(Deriv Ratio)*(Integral Gain)]. This value is set in the program mode. AUX PID THRESHOLD (LIMITER) dflt= 10 (0.0, 110) Aux PID threshold setting when aux is used as a limiter. The value of the Threshold input determines how much error (difference between actual and reference) will be permitted before this block's output goes to 101% (LSS) or 1% (HSS), when this block is not in control of the LSS or HSS bus into which it feeds. It is not advisable to set the Threshold to zero. AUX PID THRESHOLD (CONTROLLER) dflt= 100 (0.0, 110) Aux PID threshold setting when aux is used as a controller. The value of the Threshold input determines how much error (difference between actual and reference) will be permitted before this block's output goes to 101% (LSS) or 1% (HSS), when this block is not in control of the LSS or HSS bus into which it feeds. It is not advisable to set the Threshold to zero. AUX PID MIN OUTPUT dflt= 0.00 (0.0, 50) Auxiliary PID min output setting. The auxiliary PID cannot output a lower value to the LSS. This can be used to stop the aux PID from taking the LSS low enough to take the unit off-line or below min governor. HOLD AUX CHANGES ? dflt= NO (Yes/No) Set to YES to permanently Hold the changes made to the Set Point Fast Rate, Entered Rate, and Rated Aux Set Point. To permanently save these changes into the 505, set to YES and select the CLEAR key twice. 88 Woodward
Manual 26347V2
Remote Aux Settings (only displayed if configured)

When this header appears in the display, press the down arrow key to view or change this block or press the left or right arrow key to select another block to change. REMOTE NOT MATCHED RATE dflt= xxx (0.01, 1000) Rate the set point moves when remote is enabled and the remote input doesnt match the actual set point. This rate is defaulted to the Aux Set Point Slow Rate. This value can be changed to a new value, however, the HOLD CHANGES prompt must be set to YES to retain the change. If not, the value will return to the default on the next initialization. RMT AUX SETPT MAX RATE dflt= xxx (0.01, 1000) Rate the set point moves once the remote input and actual set point are matched. This is a maximum rate. Normally the set point will follow the remote input setting. This value is set in the program mode. MINIMUM AUX SETTING dflt= xxx (-20000, 20000) Minimum setting allowed by the remote input. This setting is defaulted to the Aux Set Point Minimum Value. This value can be changed to a new value, however, the HOLD CHANGES prompt must be set to YES to retain the change. If not, the value will return to the default on the next initialization. (Must be between the Minimum Auxiliary Set Point and the Maximum Auxiliary Set Point settings) MAXIMUM AUX SETTING dflt= xxx (-20000, 20000) Maximum setting allowed by the remote input. This setting is defaulted to the Aux Set Point Maximum Value. This value can be changed to a new value, however, the HOLD CHANGES prompt must be set to YES to retain the change. If not, the value will return to the default on the next initialization. (Must be between the Minimum Auxiliary Set Point and the Maximum Auxiliary Set Point settings) REMOTE DEADBAND VALUE dflt= 0.0 (0.0, 500) Remote aux setting input deadband in engineering units. REMOTE LAG-TAU VALUE dflt= 0.0 (0.0, 10) Remote Set Point input lag setting. HOLD RMT AUX CHANGES ? dflt= NO (Yes/No) Set to YES to permanently Hold the changes made to the Remote Not Matched Rate and the Maximum and Minimum Aux Settings. To permanently save these changes into the 505, set to YES and select the CLEAR key twice.
Breaker Logic (only displayed if a generator)

When this header appears in the display, press the down arrow key to view or change this block or press the left or right arrow key to select another block to change. FREQ CONTROL ARMED (status indication only) SYNC WINDOW (RPM) dflt= 10.0 (0.0, 200) A set point window, in rpm, that the set point moves at a slower rated to accommodate synchronizing to the bus. This rate is only active while within this window and the generator breaker is open. SYNC WINDOW RATE (RPM/S) dflt= 2.0 (0.1, 100) The rate the speed set point moves at when within the Sync Window and the generator beaker is open. This is normally slower than the slow rate to accommodate synchronizing to the bus.
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TIEBRKR OPEN RMP ? dflt= YES (Yes/No) If NO, the speed set point is instantly set to the last utility bus speed setting and holds. When set to YES, the speed set point is instantly set to the last utility bus speed setting and moves to the synchronous (rated) speed set point after the utility tie breaker opens and the generator breaker is still closed. TIE OPEN RATE (RPM/S) dflt= 1.0 (0.099, 20000.0) Rate the set point moves to rated speed after the utility tie breaker opens (only used if Tiebrkr Open Sync Ramp is YES). GEN OPEN SETBACK ? dflt= YES (Yes/No) When set to YES, the speed set point is instantly set to the Gen Breaker Open Setpt when the generator breaker opens. GEN OPEN SETPT (RPM) dflt= xxx (0.0, 20000) This set point is defaulted to 50 rpm below the synchronous (rated) speed set point (only used if Gen Breaker Open Setback is YES). This value can be changed to a new value, however, the HOLD CHANGES prompt must be set to YES to retain the change. If not, the value will return to the default on the next initialization. (Must be between the Minimum Governor and Rated Speed Setpt settings) USE MIN LOAD ? dflt= YES (Yes/No) When set to YES, the speed set point automatically increases to the rated/synchronous speed set point plus the Min Load Bias setting when the generator breaker is closed and the unit is on-line (the utility tie breaker is closed). When NO, no automatic set point action occurs. MIN LOAD BIAS (RPM) dflt= xxx (0.0, 500) This value is the rpm bias above rated speed and the default is calculated as 3% of full load. This is the value the speed set point will increase to upon the generator breaker closure (when the utility tie is closed). ZERO LOAD VALUE (%) dflt= xxx (0.0, 100) This value is automatically sampled and held at the actuator/load demand value when the generator breaker is closed. When the steam conditions are not at rated conditions when the breaker is closed, this value can be adjusted to a more reasonable value (210%). Every time the generator breaker closes, this value is re-sampled. MAX SPD ON LOAD dflt= 250.0 (250.0, 20000.0) This the speed level above the rated speed at which the acceleration detection will be activated when the acceleration is high. FREQ OFFSET (Hz) dflt= 0.0 (-2.5, 2.5) This is the deviation, in Hz, from the configured rated speed of 50/60 Hz. It allows the center of the deadband to be adjusted for grid frequencies that are not exactly at 50 or 60 Hz. For example, if rated speed is 3600 rpm = 60 Hz, but the grid is actually running at 60.1 Hz, then this value can be tuned to 0.1 Hz so that the deadband in the 505 will be at 3606 rpm, the actual speed of the grid. FREQ DB (Hz) dflt= 0.0 (0.0, 3.0) This is the dead band in Hz used during the droop mode of operation to avoid HP valve oscillations. It will allow frequency to vary a certain amount, plus or minus the configured value, from the configured rated speed before the control reacts by moving the valve. GEN OPN POS dflt= 0.0 (0.0, 100.0) This is the position used by the acceleration protection logic when a generator breaker open is detected. PLANT LOAD (%) dflt= 50.0 (0.0, 99.0) This is used to calculate the position used by the acceleration protection logic when the generator breaker is not opened.
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HOLD BREAKER CHANGES ? dflt= NO (Yes/No) Set to YES to permanently Hold the changes made to the Gen Breaker Open Set Point and Min Load Bias. To permanently save these changes into the 505, set to YES and select the CLEAR key twice.
Valve Limiter Settings

When this header appears in the display, press the down arrow key to view or change this block or press the left or right arrow key to select another block to change. LIMITER RATE (%/SEC) dflt= xxx (0.1, 25) The rate at which the valve limiter will move when a raise or lower command is given from the contact inputs or the Modbus connections. This rate is set in the program mode. LIMITER ENTERED RATE (%/SEC) dflt= xxx (0.1, 100) This is the rate the valve limiter will move at when a new position is entered from the front panel of the control. This rate is defaulted to the slow rate. This value can be changed to a new value, however, the HOLD CHANGES prompt must be set to YES to retain the change. If not, the value will return to the default on the next initialization. LIMITER MAX LIMIT (%) dflt= 100.0 (0, 101) Valve Limiter Maximum setting. Normally set to 100%, but this can be set lower to provide a maximum valve lift setting. HP MAXIMUM VALUE AT STARTUP (%) dflt= 100.0 (0, 101) During start up this would restrict the opening of the HP valve to the desired value. SHUTDOWN AT MAXIMUM ? dflt= NO (Yes/No) When set to YES, the control will issue a shutdown whenever the HP ramp exceeds the HP maximum value at startup. When set to NO, this function is disabled. HOLD LIMITER CHANGES ? dflt= NO (Yes/No) Set to YES to Hold the changes made to the Entered Rate. To permanently save these changes into the 505, set to YES and select the CLEAR key twice.
Local/Remote Functions (only displayed if configured)

When this header appears in the display, press the down arrow key to view or change this block or press the left or right arrow key to select another block to change. Normally the Local/Remote function will disable all inputs except the front panel commands when Local is selected. The following questions can customize this feature by allowing the Contacts, Modbus 1, and/or Modbus 2 to be active also when local is selected. REMOTE MODE ENABLED ? (status indication only) Indicates when the Remote mode is enabled. When the indication is NO, remote control is disabled and local control only is selected. ENABLE CONTACTS ? dflt= NO (Yes/No) When set to YES, the contacts are always active regardless of the Local/Remote selection. When set to NO, the contact inputs are disabled when the local mode is selected.
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CONTACTS ENABLED ? (status indication only) Indicates the status of the Contact input commands. When the indication is NO, local control is selected and remote control from the contact inputs is disabled. ENABLE MODBUS 1 ? dflt= NO (Yes/No) When set to YES, the Modbus #1 commands are always active regardless of the Local/Remote selection. When set to NO, the Modbus #1 commands are disabled when the local mode is selected. MODBUS 1 ENABLED ? (status indication only) Indicates the status of the Modbus #1 commands. When the indication is NO, local control is selected and remote control from the Modbus #1 inputs is disabled. ENABLE MODBUS 2 ? dflt= NO (Yes/No) When set to YES, the Modbus #2 commands are always active regardless of the Local/Remote selection. When set to NO, the Modbus #2 commands are disabled when the local mode is selected. MODBUS 2 ENABLED ? (status indication only) Indicates the status of the Modbus #2 commands. When the indication is NO, local control is selected and remote control from the Modbus #2 inputs is disabled.
Monitor Contact Inputs

When this header appears in the display, press the down arrow key to view or change this block or press the left or right arrow key to select another block to change. This block monitors the status of the contact input and can be used when troubleshooting or for initial wiring checkout procedures. Normally will be closed or YES unless the unit is tripped and then it will be open or NO. EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN CLOSED ? RESET INPUT CLOSED ? RAISE SPEED INPUT CLOSED ? LOWER SPEED INPUT CLOSED ? CONT IN #1 CLOSED ? CONT IN #2 CLOSED ? CONT IN #3 CLOSED ? CONT IN #4 CLOSED ? CONT IN #5 CLOSED ? CONT IN #6 CLOSED ? CONT IN #7 CLOSED ? CONT IN #8 CLOSED ? CONT IN #9 CLOSED ? CONT IN #10 CLOSED ? CONT IN #11 CLOSED ? CONT IN #12 CLOSED ? (status indication only) (status indication only) (status indication only) (status indication only) (status indication only) (status indication only) (status indication only) (status indication only) (status indication only) (status indication only) (status indication only) (status indication only) (status indication only) (status indication only) (status indication only) (status indication only)
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Relay Outputs
When this header appears in the display, press the down arrow key to view or change this block or press the left or right arrow key to select another block to change. SHUTDOWN RELAY ENERGIZED ? (status indication only) This block monitors the status of the relay output command and can be used when troubleshooting or for initial wiring checkout procedures when used with the Force Relay Outputs function in the Service Mode. Normally will be energized or YES unless there is an shutdown condition and then it will be de-energized or NO. ALARM RELAY ENERGIZED ? (status indication only) This block monitors the status of the relay output command and can be used when troubleshooting or for initial wiring checkout procedures when used with the Force Relay Outputs function in the Service Mode. Normally will be de-energized or NO unless there is an alarm condition and then it will be energized or YES. ALARM RELAY DE ENERGIZED SETTING? dflt= NO (Yes/No) When set to YES, the Alarm relay will de energize to indicate an alarm condition. When set to NO, this function is disabled. RELAY 1 ENERGIZED ? (status indication only) This block monitors the status of the relay output command and can be used when troubleshooting or for initial wiring checkout procedures when used with the Force Relay Outputs function in the Service Mode. Normally will be de-energized or NO unless the relay function is issued and then it will be energized or YES. RELAY 2 ENERGIZED ? (status indication only) RELAY 3 ENERGIZED ? (status indication only) RELAY 4 ENERGIZED ? (status indication only) RELAY 5 ENERGIZED ? (status indication only) RELAY 6 ENERGIZED ? (status indication only)
Force Relay Outputs (only displayed if shut down)

When this header appears in the display, press the down arrow key to view or change this block or press the left or right arrow key to select another block to change. FORCE RELAYS ? dflt= NO (Yes/No) Set to YES to allow testing of the relay outputs or associated external logic. Only active if the Force Relays Enabled value is true (next display valuebelow). To be active, the unit must be shut down and the turbine speed less than 1000 rpm. FORCE RELAYS ENABLED ? (status indication only) FORCE SHUTDOWN RELAY ON ? dflt= NO (Yes/No) FORCE ALARM RELAY ON ? dflt= NO (Yes/No) FORCE RELAY #1 ON ? dflt= NO (Yes/No) FORCE RELAY #2 ON ? dflt= NO (Yes/No) FORCE RELAY #3 ON ? dflt= NO (Yes/No) FORCE RELAY #4 ON ? dflt= NO (Yes/No) FORCE RELAY #5 ON ? dflt= NO (Yes/No) FORCE RELAY #6 ON ? dflt= NO (Yes/No) TURN ON LEDs ? dflt= NO (Yes/No) When set to YES, turns on all front-panel LEDs to test them. LED ON STATUS ? (status indication only)
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Monitor Speed Inputs

When this header appears in the display, press the down arrow key to view or change this block or press the left or right arrow key to select another block to change. Used to monitor the speed inputs. The input is shown in rpm. SPEED INPUT #1 = SPEED INPUT #2 = (status indication only) (status indication only)
Monitor Analog Inputs

When this header appears in the display, press the down arrow key to view or change this block or press the left or right arrow key to select another block to change. Used to monitor the analog input. The input is shown in percent (%). ANALOG IN #1 = ANALOG IN #2 = ANALOG IN #3 = ANALOG IN #4 = ANALOG IN #5 = ANALOG IN #6 = (status indication only) (status indication only) (status indication only) (status indication only) (status indication only) (status indication only)
Analog In Adjustments
When this header appears in the display, press the down arrow key to view or change this block or press the left or right arrow key to select another block to change. Used to adjust the analog input. The offset units are in percent (%). INPUT #1 OFFSET? INPUT #1 GAIN? INPUT #2 OFFSET? INPUT #2 GAIN? INPUT #3 OFFSET? INPUT #3 GAIN? INPUT #4 OFFSET? INPUT #4 GAIN? INPUT #5 OFFSET? INPUT #5 GAIN? INPUT #6 OFFSET? INPUT #6 GAIN? dflt= 0.0 (-20, 20) dflt= 1.0 (0.00, 2.0) dflt= 0.0 (-20, 20) dflt= 1.0 (0.00, 2.0) dflt= 0.0 (-20, 20) dflt= 1.0 (0.00, 2.0) dflt= 0.0 (-20, 20) dflt= 1.0 (0.00, 2.0) dflt= 0.0 (-20, 20) dflt= 1.0 (0.00, 2.0) dflt= 0.0 (-20, 20) dflt= 1.0 (0.00, 2.0)
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Monitor Analog Outputs

When this header appears in the display, press the down arrow key to view or change this block or press the left or right arrow key to select another block to change. Indication of the milliamp signal demanded by the control. This is not actual milliamps. ANALOG OUT #1 Demand (mA) = ANALOG OUT #2 Demand (mA) = ANALOG OUT #3 Demand (mA) = ANALOG OUT #4 Demand (mA) = ANALOG OUT #5 Demand (mA) = ANALOG OUT #6 Demand (mA) = (status indication only) (status indication only) (status indication only) (status indication only) (status indication only) (status indication only)
Analog Output Adjustments

When this header appears in the display, press the down arrow key to view or change this block or press the left or right arrow key to select another block to change. Used to adjust the analog output. The offset units are milliamps (mA). OUTPUT #1 OFFSET? OUTPUT #1 GAIN? OUTPUT #2 OFFSET? OUTPUT #2 GAIN? OUTPUT #3 OFFSET? OUTPUT #3 GAIN? OUTPUT #4 OFFSET? OUTPUT #4 GAIN? OUTPUT #5 OFFSET? OUTPUT #5 GAIN? OUTPUT #6 OFFSET? OUTPUT #6 GAIN? dflt= 0.0 (-20, 20) dflt= 1.0 (0.00, 2.0) dflt= 0.0 (-20, 20) dflt= 1.0 (0.00, 2.0) dflt= 0.0 (-20, 20) dflt= 1.0 (0.00, 2.0) dflt= 0.0 (-20, 20) dflt= 1.0 (0.00, 2.0) dflt= 0.0 (-20, 20) dflt= 1.0 (0.00, 2.0) dflt= 0.0 (-20, 20) dflt= 1.0 (0.00, 2.0)
Act1 Linearization
When this header appears in the display, press the down arrow key to view or change this block or press the left or right arrow key to select another block to change. The actuator linearization settings can be checked or verified by using the actuator stroke feature when the unit is shut down. X-1 VALUE dflt= 0.0 (-5, 110) Input point #1 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. (Must be less than the X-2 Value) Y-1 VALUE dflt= 0.0 (-5, 110) Output point #1 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. X-2 VALUE dflt= 10.0 (-5, 110) Input point #2 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. (Must be between the X-1 Value and the X-3 Value settings) Y-2 VALUE dflt= 10.0 (-5, 110) Output point #2 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage.
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X-3 VALUE dflt= 20.0 (-5, 110) Input point #3 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. (Must be between the X-2 Value and the X-4 Value settings) Y-3 VALUE dflt= 20.0 (-5, 110) Output point #3 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. X-4 VALUE dflt= 30.0 (-5, 110) Input point #4 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. (Must be between the X-3 Value and the X-5 Value settings) Y-4 VALUE dflt= 30.0 (-5, 110) Output point #4 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. X-5 VALUE dflt= 40.0 (-5, 110) Input point #5 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. (Must be between the X-4 Value and the X-6 Value settings) Y-5 VALUE dflt= 40.0 (-5, 110) Output point #5 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. X-6 VALUE dflt= 50.0 (-5, 110) Input point #6 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. (Must be between the X-5 Value and the X-7 Value settings) Y-6 VALUE dflt= 50.0 (-5, 110) Output point #6 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. X-7 VALUE dflt= 60.0 (-5, 110) Input point #7 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. (Must be between the X-6 Value and the X-8 Value settings) Y-7 VALUE dflt= 60.0 (-5, 110) Output point #7 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. X-8 VALUE dflt= 70.0 (-5, 110) Input point #8 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. (Must be between the X-7 Value and the X-9 Value settings) Y-8 VALUE dflt= 70.0 (-5, 110) Output point #8 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. X-9 VALUE dflt= 80.0 (-5, 110) Input point #9 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. (Must be between the X-8 Value and the X-10 Value settings) Y-9 VALUE dflt= 80.0 (-5, 110) Output point #9 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. X-10 VALUE dflt= 90.0 (-5, 110) Input point #10 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. (Must be between the X-9 Value and the X-11 Value settings) Y-10 VALUE dflt= 90.0 (-5, 110) Output point #10 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. X-11 VALUE dflt= 100.0 (-5, 110) Input point #11 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. (Must be greater than the X-10 Value) Y-11 VALUE dflt= 100.0 (-5, 110) Output point #11 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. ACT1 DEMAND (%) = (status indication only) Displays the actuator demand (%) before the linearization curve. ACT1 OUTPUT (%) = (status indication only) Displays the actuator demand (%) after the linearization curve. TRACK OFFSET (%) = dflt= 0.0 (0.0, 5.0) Displays the actuator demand (%) after the linearization curve.
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Pressure Compensation (only displayed if configured)

When this header appears in the display, press the down arrow key to view or change this block or press the left or right arrow key to select another block to change. The pressure compensation setting are used to bias the actuator 1 (V1) position based on inlet pressure. X-1 VALUE dflt= *0.0 (0.0, 10000.0) Input point #1 of the pressure compensation curve, in percentage. (Must be less than the X-2 Value) Y-1 VALUE dflt= *1.0 (0.65, 1.54) Output point #1 of the pressure compensation curve. X-2 VALUE dflt= *25.0 (0.0, 10000.0) Input point #2 of the pressure compensation curve, in percentage. (Must be between the X-1 Value and the X-3 Value settings) Y-2 VALUE dflt= *1.0 (0.65, 1.54) Output point #2 of the pressure compensation curve. X-3 VALUE dflt= *50.0 (0.0, 10000.0) Input point #3 of the pressure compensation curve, in percentage. (Must be between the X-2 Value and the X-4 Value settings) Y-3 VALUE dflt= *1.0 (0.65, 1.54) Output point #3 of the pressure compensation curve. X-4 VALUE dflt= *75.0 (0.0, 10000.0) Input point #4 of the pressure compensation curve, in percentage. (Must be between the X-3 Value and the X-5 Value settings) Y-4 VALUE dflt= *1.0 (0.65, 1.54) Output point #4 of the pressure compensation curve. X-5 VALUE dflt= *100.0 (0.0, 10000.0) Input point #5 of the pressure compensation curve, in percentage. (Must be between the X-4 Value and the X-6 Value settings) Y-5 VALUE dflt= *1.0 (0.65, 1.54) Output point #5 of the pressure compensation curve.
ACT2 Linearization
When this header appears in the display, press the down arrow key to view or change this block or press the left or right arrow key to select another block to change. The actuator linearization settings can be checked or verified by using the actuator stroke feature when the unit is shut down. X-1 VALUE dflt= 0.0 (-5, 110) Input point #1 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. (Must be less than the X-2 Value) Y-1 VALUE dflt= 0.0 (-5, 110) Output point #1 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. X-2 VALUE dflt= 10.0 (-5, 110) Input point #2 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. (Must be between the X-1 Value and the X-3 Value settings) Y-2 VALUE dflt= 10.0 (-5, 110) Output point #2 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. X-3 VALUE dflt= 20.0 (-5, 110) Input point #3 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. (Must be between the X-2 Value and the X-4 Value settings) Y-3 VALUE dflt= 20.0 (-5, 110) Output point #3 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage.
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X-4 VALUE dflt= 30.0 (-5, 110) Input point #4 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. (Must be between the X-3 Value and the X-5 Value settings) Y-4 VALUE dflt= 30.0 (-5, 110) Output point #4 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. X-5 VALUE dflt= 40.0 (-5, 110) Input point #5 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. (Must be between the X-4 Value and the X-6 Value settings) Y-5 VALUE dflt= 40.0 (-5, 110) Output point #5 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. X-6 VALUE dflt= 50.0 (-5, 110) Input point #6 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. (Must be between the X-5 Value and the X-7 Value settings) Y-6 VALUE dflt= 50.0 (-5, 110) Output point #6 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. X-7 VALUE dflt= 60.0 (-5, 110) Input point #7 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. (Must be between the X-6 Value and the X-8 Value settings) Y-7 VALUE dflt= 60.0 (-5, 110) Output point #7 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. X-8 VALUE dflt= 70.0 (-5, 110) Input point #8 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. (Must be between the X-7 Value and the X-9 Value settings) Y-8 VALUE dflt= 70.0 (-5, 110) Output point #8 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. X-9 VALUE dflt= 80.0 (-5, 110) Input point #9 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. (Must be between the X-8 Value and the X-10 Value settings) Y-9 VALUE dflt= 80.0 (-5, 110) Output point #9 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. X-10 VALUE dflt= 90.0 (-5, 110) Input point #10 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. (Must be between the X-9 Value and the X-11 Value settings) Y-10 VALUE dflt= 90.0 (-5, 110) Output point #10 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. X-11 VALUE dflt= 100.0 (-5, 110) Input point #11 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. (Must be greater than the X-10 Value) Y-11 VALUE dflt= 100.0 (-5, 110) Output point #11 of the actuator linearization curve, in percentage. ACT2 DEMAND (%) = (status indication only) Displays the actuator demand (%) before the linearization curve. ACT2 OUTPUT (%) = (status indication only) Displays the actuator demand (%) after the linearization curve.
Driver 2 Readout (only displayed if configured)

When this header appears in the display, press the down arrow key to view or change this block or press the left or right arrow key to select another block to change. DRIVER 2 OUT (mA) = (status indication only) DRIVER 2 READOUT OFFSET dflt= 0.0 (-20, 20) Used to adjust the analog output. The offset units are milliamps (mA). DRIVER 2 READOUT GAIN dflt= 1.0 (0.0, 2.0)
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Driver Settings (only displayed if redundant)

When this header appears in the display, press the down arrow key to view or change this block, or press the left or right arrow key to select another block to change. RED ACT1 FLT DELAY dflt = 0.05 (0.00, 5.0) This value is used if the 505 is programmed as a redundant unit. It sets the amount of time an ACT 1 fault must be present before the 505 trips or transfers. This value should only be tuned if trips/transfers are caused by erroneous ACT Faults. Note that changing this value may affect the 505s behavior during a correct ACT Fault. RED ACT2 FLT DELAY dflt = 0.05 (0.00, 5.0) This value is used if the 505 is programmed as a redundant unit. It sets the amount of time an ACT 2 fault must be present before the 505 trips or transfers. This value should only be tuned if trips/transfers are caused by erroneous ACT Faults. Note that changing this value may affect the 505s behavior during a correct ACT Fault.
Port 1 Settings (only displayed if configured)

When this header appears in the display, press the down arrow key to view or change this block or press the left or right arrow key to select another block to change. PORT 1 LINK ERROR (status indication only) Displays a YES message if the port has a communication error. The `Timeout Delay` or port configuration may need to be adjusted under `PORT CONFIGURATIONS`. EXCEPTION ERROR (status indication only Displays a YES message if the port has a exception error ERROR CODE (status indication only) Displays the error code related to the communication problem. 0 = No Errors 1 = Illegal Function 2 = Illegal Data Address 3 = Illegal Data Value 9 = Checksum Error 10= Garbled Message Press RESET to clear the port error. USE MODBUS 1 TRIP ? dflt= YES (Yes/No) Use trip command through the Modbus link from the Modbus device. USE 2-STEP TRIP ? dflt= NO (Yes/No) If using a Modbus Trip, is this a two-step trip. If YES, requires both the Trip command and the Trip Acknowledge command to go YES before a trip from the Modbus link will executed. ENABLED WHEN LOCAL IS SELECTED ? dflt= NO (Yes/No) If using Local/Remote only. If YES, allows commands from Modbus to be active even when LOCAL mode is selected. When NO, the Modbus commands are disabled when in LOCAL. ALWAYS ENABLE MODBUS TRIP ? dflt= NO (Yes/No) If using Local/Remote only and if the Modbus is disabled on Local selection. If YES, the TRIP from the Modbus is still active event though all other Modbus commands are disabled. When NO, all Modbus commands are disabled when in LOCAL.
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Port 2 Settings (only displayed if configured)

When this header appears in the display, press the down arrow key to view or change this block or press the left or right arrow key to select another block to change. PORT 2 LINK ERROR (status indication only) Displays a YES message if the port has a communication error. The `Timeout Delay` or port configuration may need to be adjusted under `PORT CONFIGURATIONS`. EXCEPTION ERROR (status indication only Displays a YES message if the port has a exception error ERROR CODE (status indication only) Displays the error code related to the communication problem. 0 = No Errors 1 = Illegal Function 2 = Illegal Data Address 3 = Illegal Data Value 9 = Checksum Error 10= Garbled Message Press RESET to clear the port error. USE MODBUS 2 TRIP ? dflt= YES (Yes/No) Use trip command through the Modbus link from the Modbus device. USE 2-STEP TRIP ? dflt= NO (Yes/No) If using a Modbus Trip, is this a two-step trip. If YES, requires both the Trip command and the Trip Acknowledge command to go YES before a trip from the Modbus link will executed. ENABLED WHEN LOCAL IS SELECTED ? dflt= NO (Yes/No) If using Local/Remote only. If YES, allows commands from Modbus to be active even when LOCAL mode is selected. When NO, the Modbus commands are disabled when in LOCAL. ALWAYS ENABLE MODBUS TRIP ? dflt= NO (Yes/No) If using Local/Remote only and if the Modbus is disabled on Local selection. If YES, the TRIP from the Modbus is still active event though all other Modbus commands are disabled. When NO, all Modbus commands are disabled when in LOCAL.
Comm Analog Scaling (if communications is used)

When this header appears in the display, press the down arrow key to view or change this block or press the left or right arrow key to select another block to change. CASCADE SCALING FACTOR dflt= 1 (1, 3) Multiplier constant for all Cascade analog values sent over both Modbus links. When set to a value other than one (1.0), allows the Modbus device to scale inputs that are too small or to allow decimal places to be displayed. AUX SCALING FACTOR dflt= 1 (1, 3) Multiplier constant for all Auxiliary analog values sent over both Modbus links. When set to a value other than one (1.0), allows the Modbus device to scale inputs that are too small or to allow decimal places to be displayed. KW SCALING FACTOR dflt= 1 (1, 3) Multiplier constant for all KW analog values sent over both Modbus links. When set to a value other than one (1.0), allows the Modbus device to scale inputs that are too small or to allow decimal places to be displayed. FSP SCALING FACTOR dflt= 1 (1, 3) Multiplier constant for all First Stage Pressure analog values sent over both Modbus links. When set to a value other than one (1.0), allows the Modbus device to scale inputs that are too small or to allow decimal places to be displayed. 100 Woodward
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LOAD SHARE SCALING FACTOR dflt= 1 (1, 3) Multiplier constant for all Load Share analog values sent over both Modbus links. When set to a value other than one (1.0), allows the Modbus device to scale inputs that are too small or to allow decimal places to be displayed. I/H PRESSURE SCALING FACTOR dflt= 1 (1, 3) Multiplier constant for Current to Hydraulic Pressure analog values sent over both Modbus links. When set to a value other than one (1.0), allows the Modbus device to scale inputs that are too small or to allow decimal places to be displayed.
Port Configurations
When this header appears in the display, press the down arrow key to view or change this block or press the left or right arrow key to select another block to change. PORT 1 SETTINGS STATUS (status indication only) Indicates a hardware communications problem. BAUD dflt = scroll thru options This value is set in the program mode STOP BITS dflt = scroll thru options This value is set in the program mode PARITY dflt = scroll thru options This value is set in the program mode DRIVER dflt = scroll thru options This value is set in the program mode ASCII OR RTU dflt= xx (1, 2) 1 = ASCII 2 = RTU This value is set in the program mode. MODBUS DEVICE NUMBER dflt= xx (1, 247) Enter a number from 1 to 247. This value is set in the program mode. TIME-OUT DELAY (SEC) dflt= 10.0 (0, 100) Sets the delay for no communication on the Modbus link before the link is considered failed and issues an alarm. PORT 2 SETTINGS STATUS (status indication only) Indicates a hardware communications problem. BAUD dflt = scroll thru options This value is set in the program mode STOP BITS dflt = scroll thru options This value is set in the program mode PARITY dflt = scroll thru options This value is set in the program mode DRIVER dflt = scroll thru options This value is set in the program mode ASCII OR RTU dflt= xx (1, 2) 1 = ASCII 2 = RTU This value is set in the program mode. MODBUS DEVICE NUMBER dflt= xx (1, 247) Enter a number from 1 to 247. This value is set in the program mode. TIME-OUT DELAY (SEC) dflt= 10.0 (0, 100) Sets the delay for no communication on the Modbus link before the link is considered failed and issues an alarm.
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505 Digital Governor for Single/Split-Range Actuators PC PORT SETTINGS STATUS Indicates a hardware communications problem. BAUD BITS/CHAR STOP BITS PARITY READ MODE FLOW ECHO ENDLINE IGNORE CR
Manual 26347V2 (status indication only) dflt = scroll thru options dflt = scroll thru options dflt = scroll thru options dflt = scroll thru options dflt = scroll thru options dflt = scroll thru options dflt = scroll thru options dflt = scroll thru options dflt = scroll thru options
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Chapter 5. Understanding PID Settings

Overview
The Speed, Cascade and Auxiliary controls utilize PID controllers. The response of each control loop can be adjusted for optimum response, however it is important to understand what a PID controller is and the effect each controller adjustment has on the controller response. Proportional gain, integral gain (stability), and DR (speed derivative ratio) are the adjustable and interacting parameters used to match the response of the control loop with the response of the system. They correspond to the P (proportional), I (integral), and D (derivative) terms, and are displayed by the 505 as follows: P = Proportional gain (%) I = Integral gain (%) D = Derivative (determined by DR and I)
Proportional Control
Proportional response is directly proportional to a process change. Analogy: Setting hand throttle to keep constant speed on straight and level. Proportional control (using the same analogy) results in a certain speed as long as the car is not subjected to any load change such as a hill. If a throttle is set to any particular setting, the speed of the car will remain constant as long as the car remains straight and level. If the car goes up a hill, it will slow down. Of course, going down a hill the car would gain speed.
Integral Control
Integral compensates for process and set point load changes. Analogy: Cruise control maintains constant speed regardless of hills. Integral, sometimes called reset, provides additional action to the original proportional response as long as the process variable remains away from the set point. Integral is a function of the magnitude and duration of the deviation. In this analogy the reset response would keep the car speed constant regardless of the terrain.
Derivative
Derivative provides a temporary over-correction to compensate for long transfer lags and reduce stabilization time on process upsets (momentary disturbances). Analogy: Accelerating into high speed lane with merging traffic.
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Derivative, sometimes called preact or rate, is very difficult to draw an accurate analogy to, because the action takes place only when the process changes and is directly related to the speed at which the process changes. Merging into high speed traffic of a freeway from an on ramp is no easy task and requires accelerated correction (temporary overcorrection) in both increasing and decreasing directions. The application of brakes to fall behind the car in the first continuous lane or passing gear to get ahead of the car in the first continuous lane is derivative action.
Proportional Response
The amount of controller change is directly related to the process change and the Proportional gain setting on the controller; Controller output change is Proportional to the process change. If there is no process change, there is no change in output from the controller (or valve change) regardless of the deviation. This results in an undesired offset between the original desired Set Point and the resulting drop in the Control Point.
Figure 5-1. Proportional Gain Setting Effects
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Proportional Gain (effect of settings)

Figure 5-1 shows the effect of Proportional gain settings on control. Starting at the top of the graph a load change is introduced. With a small Proportional gain (meaning a large process change is required to produce full valve travel), stability is good but offset is very high. With a moderate gain setting (higher number setting) stability is still goodoffset is still fairly high. With a high setting, offset is considerably smaller but the stability is poor. The 0.25 ratio effects a minimum area whereby the offset is reduced to a minimum while stability is in a decaying manner at 0.25% ratio. The decay ratio used (0.25%) means that if the second cycle is 1/4 of the first cycle, then each succeeding cycle will be 1/4 of the preceding cycle until the cycle is not visible. Since Proportional gain is adjusted to produce (only) the proper stability of a process, do not continue increasing its effect to correct offset conditions. The amount of stability and offset is directly related to the setting of the Proportional setting. Stability is of course also affected by the stability of the process. In essence, the amount of output from the controller due to the Proportional setting is from the error. If there is no error, then there is no Proportional effect.
Integral Response
Integral Gain as stated in the Woodward controls is repeats per minute (or Reset Rate). Therefore, a high amount of Integral gain (high number) would result in a large amount of Reset action. Conversely, a low Integral gain (low number) would result in a slower reset action.
Figure 5-2. Open Loop Proportional and Integral Response
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Integral response is provided to eliminate the offset that resulted from straight Proportional control. Figure 5-2 shows how the controller action is Proportional to the measurement change, but as we saw earlier, this results in offset. The Integral (or Reset) action is a function of both time and magnitude of the deviation. As long as an offset condition (due to load changes) exists, Integral action is taking place. The amount of Integral action is a function of four things: The magnitude of the deviation The duration of the deviation The Proportional gain setting The Integral setting In this Open Loop figure (5-2), the Integral response is shown increasing due to the offset condition existing between the temperature and the set point. The resultant action is the top curve showing the step Proportional response that ends as soon as the measurement stops changing. Then the Integral (or reset) action is added to the Proportional action in an amount equal to the Integral of the deviation. In other words, Reset action continues (in either or both directions) as long as there is a difference (deviation) between the set point and the process measurement. In this case, the deviation will never be eliminated (or even reduced) because the system is in Open Loop.
Proportional + Integral (closed loop)

Figure 5-3 shows the closed loop effects of integral action. The bottom curve displays the load change. The next curve up shows the set point and the measured variable, temperature. With the load change the temperature droops or deviates from the set point. The next highest curve is the Proportional action and follows the measured variable proportionately. The Integral curve adds to the Proportional curve resulting in a different valve position, thereby returning the process to the Set Point.
Figure 5-3. Closed Loop Proportional and Integral Response 106 Woodward
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In Closed Loop, however (as opposed to Open Loop), as the measurement decays toward the Set Point the Proportional action is taking place Proportionally to the measurement change, and the Integral action is decaying proportionately to the magnitude and duration of the deviation until the measurement reaches the set point at which time the Integral action is zero.
Integral (effects of settings)

Figure 5-4 shows the effect of fast or slow Integral action. For a given load change an offset results with Proportional response only. Since recovery time (for a given load change) is important, the Integral setting should remove the offset in minimum time without adding additional cycling. If two cycles are added, then too much Integral Gain has been added. Of course, Proportional only must first establish the 1/4 decay ratio. If increased cycling occurs, the Integral must be turned off or the controller switched to manual if allowed to go too far. Ideally, the process should not continue to cycle after the set point has been reached as in the second curve from the bottom.
Figure 5-4. Integral Gain (Reset) Setting Responses
Derivative Response
In a process control loop the Derivative action is directly related to how fast the process changes (rate of change). If the process change is slow then the Derivative action is proportional to that rate of change. Derivative acts by advancing the Proportional action. Derivative acts at the start of the process change, when the process changes its rate and when the process stops its change.
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505 Digital Governor for Single/Split-Range Actuators Derivative action takes place at only three times: When the process starts to change When the rate of change takes place in the process When the process stops changing
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The net result of Derivative action is to oppose any process change and combined with Proportional action to reduce stabilization time in returning the process to the set point after an upset. Derivative will not remove offset. Woodward Derivative is split into two working domains, Input dominant and Feedback dominant. The allowed values for DR range from 0.01 to 100. The most common derivative is Feedback dominant, it is automatically selected with an Derivative Ratio (DR) from 1 to 100. The Input dominant domain is selected with DR values between 0.01 to 1. Feedback dominant applies the derivative action to the integrator feedback term of the PID equation and is more stable than input dominant derivative. This will not take corrective action as early and it will be less noise sensitive. When tuning the derivative, the DR will be established in the 1 to 100 range because it is easier to tune and more forgiving of excessive values. Most PIDs will employ feedback dominant derivative. Input dominant derivative applies the DR term before the integrator term of the PID equation. When the DR is less than 1, the derivative is input dominant and reacts very quickly to process upsets. This function is very adapted for PIDs that control the load parameter, such as load shaft turbine speed. Since the input dominant derivative is so sensitive, it should be reserved only for applications without high frequency noise. Except for input dominant and feedback dominant features, the reciprocal of one domain will appear identical in the other domain. As an example, consider an DR of 5.0, the reciprocal being 1/5. That means that an DR of 5.0 will appear the same as DR of 0.200. The difference in response between these values of 5.0 and 0.2 is in the dominance feature. If in doubt about the type of derivative to use, then set up for feedback dominant, 1 < DR < 100.
Proportional + Derivative (closed loop)

Figure 5-5 shows how Derivative acts to oppose a change in process in either direction. The dashed line shows the Derivative action going through zero to oppose the process deviation traveling toward zero. Notice offset still exists between the desired set point and the drooped control point that resulted from the load change. The top curve is the resultant controller output, Proportional plus Derivative. If an upset (momentary) had occurred rather than a load change, there would be no offset.
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Figure 5-5. Closed Loop Proportional and Derivative Action
Derivative (effects of settings)
Figure 5-6. Derivative Setting Effects
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Figure 5-6 shows the effect of different Derivative settings. The curves are relative since it depends on what type of control is desired in order to properly adjust Derivative time. For example, if minimum cycling is desired (as is shown here) then Derivative is added to the 1/4 decay cycle provided by Proportional until more than one cycle is removed and of course the 1/4 decay is destroyed. However, in most cases it is desirable to retain the 1/4 decay cycle, in which case Derivative is added to the point of removing only one cycle from the 1/4 decay ratio then the gain is increased until the 1/4 decay ratio is restored. In all the above curves, you will note offset exists since offset can only be eliminated by the addition of Integral (or Reset).
Proportional + Integral + Derivative (closed loop)

Figure 5-7 shows the relationship of valve position to the interaction of the PID modes of control whenever a load change takes place in closed loop. As the temperature drops due to the load change, the proportional action moves the control valve proportionately to the measurement (temperature) change. The integral gain/reset adds to the proportional action as a result of the magnitude and time (duration) of the deviation. And the derivative temporarily over-corrects based on the speed at which the measurement moves in any direction. The resultant curve (at the top) shows a similar over-correction (in this case), but in addition the valve will stay at the new position required to keep the measurement at the set point.
Figure 5-7. Closed Loop Proportional, Integral and Derivative Action
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In summary, Derivative provides a temporary over-correction to compensate for long transfer lags and reduce stabilization time on process upsets (momentary disturbances). Do not use if high frequency noise is normally in the measured variable or the main lag is dead time. After Proportional is set to 1/4 decay ratio and Derivative is adjusted to remove one cycle as well as decreasing the 1/4 decay ratio, then the Proportional gain can be increased to restore the 1/4 decay ratio.
Adding Derivative
The value of the Derivative Ratio (DR) term can range from 0.01 to 100. In order to simplify adjustment of the dynamics of the 505, adjusting the integral gain value sets both the I and D terms of the PID controller. The DR term establishes the degree of effect the integral gain value has on the D term, and changes the configuration of a controller from input rate sensitive (input dominant) to feedback rate sensitive (feedback dominant) and vice versa. Another possible use of the DR adjustment is to reconfigure the controller from a PID to a PI controller. This is done by adjusting the DR term to its upper or lower limits, depending on whether an input or feedback dominant controller is desired. A DR setting of 1 to 100 selects feedback dominant mode A DR setting of .01 to 1 selects input dominant mode A DR setting of .01 or 100 selects a PI only controller, input and feedback dominant respectively The change from one of these configurations to the other may have no effect during normal operation, however, it can cause great differences in response when the governor is coming into control. (i.e. at startup, during a full load change, or during transfer of control from another channel). An input dominant controller is more sensitive to the change-of-rate of its input (i.e. Speed, Cascade in or Auxiliary in), and can therefore prevent overshoot of the set point better than a feedback dominant controller. Although this response is desirable during a startup or full load rejections, it can cause excessive control motions in some systems where a smooth transition response is desired. A controller configured as feedback dominant is more sensitive to the change-ofrate of its feedback (LSS). A feedback dominant controller has the ability to limit the rate of change of the LSS bus when a controller is near its set point but is not yet in control. This limiting of the LSS bus allows a feedback dominant controller to make smoother control transitions than an input dominant controller.
Controller Field Tuning General

The quality of regulation obtained from an automatic control system depends upon the adjustments that are made to the various controller modes. Best results are obtained when the adjustment (tuning) is done systematically. Prior training and experience in controller tuning are desirable for effective application of this procedure.
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This procedure will lead to controller settings which will provide after a load change: Process control without sustained cycling Process recovery in a minimum time Controller settings derived for given operating conditions are valid over a narrow range of load change. The settings made for one operating set of conditions may result in excessive cycling or highly damped response at some other operating condition. This procedure should be applied under the most difficult operating conditions to assure conservative settings over the normal operating range. It is good practice to keep the average of the set point changes near the normal set point of the process to avoid excessive departure from normal operating level. After each set point change, allow sufficient time to observe the effect of the last adjustment (see Figure 5-8). It is wise to wait until approximately 90% of the change has been completed.
Figure 5-8. Typical Response to Load Change
Tuning Example
If the system is unstable, make sure the governor is the cause. This can be checked by closing the valve limiter until it has control of the actuator output. If the governor is causing the oscillation, time the oscillation cycle time. A rule-of thumb is, if the systems oscillation cycle time is less than 1 second reduce the Proportional gain term. A rule-of-thumb is, if the systems oscillation cycle time is greater the 1 second reduce the Integral gain term (proportional gain may need to be increased also). On an initial startup with the 505, all PID dynamic gain terms will require adjustment to match the respective PIDs response to that of its control loop. There are multiple dynamic tuning methods available that can be used with the 505s PIDs to assist in determining the gain terms that provide optimum control loop response times.
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The following method can be used to achieve PID gain values that are close to optimum: 1. Increase Derivative Ratio (SDR) to 100 (Service Mode adjustment) 2. Reduce integral gain to 0.01 (Run Mode adjustment) 3. Increase proportional gain until system just starts to oscillate (Run Mode).The optimum gain for this step is when the system just starts to oscillate and maintains a self-sustaining oscillation that does not increase or decrease in magnitude. 4. Record the control gain (Kc) and oscillation period (T) in seconds. 5. Set the dynamics as follows: For PI control: G=P(I/s + 1) Set: Proportional gain = 0.45*Kc Integral gain = 1.2/T Derivative ratio = 100 For PID control : G=P(I/s + 1 + Ds) Set: Proportional gain = 0.60*Kc Integral gain = 2/T Deriv ratio = 8/(T*Integral Gain) for fdbk dominant = (T*Integral Gain)/8 for input dominant This method of tuning will get the gain settings close, they can be fine-tuned from this point.
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Chapter 6. Hardware/Operating System Faults

General
EXPLOSION HAZARDDo not connect or disconnect while circuit is live unless area is known to be non-hazardous.
RISQUE DEXPLOSIONNe pas raccorder ni dbrancher tant que linstallation est sous tension, sauf en cas lambiance est dcidment non dangereuse. Most 505 problems which will be encountered are covered in the manual. Use the table of contents to locate the sections of the manual that may describe a specific problem. Refer to the CONTROLLING PARAM DISPLAYS and ALARM DISPLAYS sections of this manual for display descriptions and corrective actions. This troubleshooting section contains a few guidelines that Woodward field service technicians and engineers have suggested.
Off-line Diagnostics
When the 505 control is powered up the microprocessor and other hardware is reset and the self-test begins. The first thing that the self-test does is turn off all five of the LED lamps. If these LEDs do not turn off this means that the microprocessor is not working and that the CPU module has failed. The self-test tests the RAM, system clock, LED display, EEPROM, communications memory, and application memory before beginning execution of the application program. If an error is found during the self-test it is annunciated on the front panel LED display. It also indicates the error by flashing the F1/Alarm LED a certain number of times repetitively for errors when the LED display may not be functioning. The table below shows the errors indicated by flashing LEDs: LED Flashes 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Error RAM Test Failed Unexpected Exception Clock Interrupt Test Failed Display Test Failed EEPROM Test Failed Communications Memory Test Failed Flash Memory Test Failed
It is also possible to see the errors below on the front panel LED display. These errors could occur at anytime during the self-test or during execution of the application program. These indicate that an illegal reset condition has occurred.
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Reset caused by WATCHDOG TIMEOUT Reset caused by HALT MONITOR Reset caused by LOSS OF CLOCK Reset caused by SOFTWARE RESET Reset caused by TEST SUBMODULE RESET All the above errors indicate a problem with the CPU module except the Display Test Failed which indicates a problem with the display module.
On-line Diagnostics
As soon as the application program starts running, the system will use a small portion of run time to continuously run the following on-line diagnostic tests. Test Local Memory Test Message On Failure This test gets a RAM location, saves the data from that location, then writes several different values to that location. It reads each value back, and checks it to be sure it is correct. It then restores the saved original data aback to the RAM and repeats the process at another location. This test reads all flash memory, then calculates the sumcheck value and compares it to the sumcheck value previously calculated offline and stored in memory. This test checks the last eight locations in the task that has just completed to make sure that the values that were set up when the task was created have not changed. If they have, it indicates that the task has overflowed its memory, and destroyed memory in another task.
Application Memory Test
Task Overflow
A failure of any one of the on-line tests results in the I/O lock being asserted and display of a message as shown in the following table. The message will be displayed on the Service Panel at the time the error occurs, and it also will go into the Fault Mode Buffer so that it can be displayed in the Fault Mode. Test Local RAM Application Checksum During execution, an operating system task ran out of memory, or its memory was corrupted by a different task. Message On Failure Local Ram Railed Checksum Error Task Overrun in Task XX
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Operation Errors and Faults

Certain other errors can also occur during system operation. If any of the below error messages appear: Disconnect all field wiring to the 505 control, except input power. Perform a power-up reset (for 30 seconds or more, temporarily remove input power, or press the System Reset Switch. See Volume 1, Figure 2-4 for location). If the problem disappears, troubleshoot field wiring errors or check for and correct noise on the input power. If the problem does not disappear, replace the control. Operation Error Messages System Error (#) EEPROM Fault Rate Group Slip (#) EE Initialization Fault Exception Error (#)
Wiring Problems
Most 505 problems are caused by wiring problems. Carefully and thoroughly check all wiring connections at both ends. Be very careful when installing wires into the 505 control terminal blocks. Check all shields for proper grounding. All inputs and outputs can be measured directly at the terminal strips. In addition, from the Service Mode, the LED display will show what the 505 measures. This comparison can be used to determine if the 505 is interpreting the input signal correctly. The Service Mode can be used to monitor and adjust analog inputs and outputs, monitor speed inputs, monitor and adjust actuator outputs, monitor contact inputs, and monitor and force relay outputs. Contact inputs can be verified by measuring the voltage at the terminal blocks. The contact power supply voltage should measure approximately 24 Vdc from any contact (+) terminal to the contact GND terminal (11). If 24 Vdc is not the voltage measured, disconnect all wiring to the 505 except input power, then remeasure this power supply voltage. If 24 Vdc is not the voltage measured, check for wiring problems. If 24 Vdc is not measured across the contact input (+) and contact GND terminal (11) with input wiring disconnected, replace the 505. The operation of a contact input to the 505 can be checked by verifying that the voltage from the contact inputs (+) terminal measures 24 Vdc with respect to the contact input GND, terminal (11), when the external contact is closed. Any 420 mA input or output can be checked by placing a milliamp meter in series with the input or output. Refer to Volume 1 Chapter 3 for actuator wiring concerns or questions. If the serial communications line is not working, check the wiring first. Then check the Program Mode entries for matching communications setup.
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Control Adjustments
If, while trying to adjust the Speed Set Point in the Run Mode, the ADJ up and ADJ down keys will not work, check to make sure that CAS (cascade control) and RMT (remote control) are both disabled. If the systems steam valve is unsteady or hunts, try manually positioning the steam valve by closing the valve limiter. If the steam valve is blocked in this manner and the actuator output is steady but the turbine still hunts, then the problem is outside the governor. If an actuator hunts, or appears sticky, it may need dither (especially TM type). If the 505 control is not able to fully close or open the governor valves, check to make sure that the actuators are calibrated correctly, and valve linkage is correctly set. If the 505 control is not able to control speed above or below a certain speed, the steam valve may not be adjusted correctly. Verify that the steam valve position is indeed in the position indicated by the 505 (by pressing the ACT key). If these positions do not match, correct the problem (actuator linkage, or current calibration). If an overspeed condition is reached on start-up, verify that the governor valve is closed. Next verify that the governor valve is seated correctly by opening the T&T valve with the governor valve closed. If the T&T valve allows the turbine to turn, then the governor valve is not correctly seated.
Other Operating Problems

If CAS or RMT will not work, check that the generator and tie breakers are both closed. From the (MANUAL SHUTDOWN) (PUSH YES OR NO) display, you cannot initiate a shutdown. If actual speed is less than the speed called for by the speed set point, check for droop (kW or speed). Droop causes the actual speed to be less than the speed reference.
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Appendix A. 505 Design Specifications

Hardware Specifications
Package Flush mount package Approximate physical size of 11 x 14 x 4 Environmental Category: Lloyds Type ENV2 NEMA: Type 4X or IEC 60529, IP 56 (applies only to front of flush mount package) Optional bulkhead Enclosure (approximate size: 20 x 20 x 7) Humidity Lloyds Test Specification No. 1, 1996, Humidity Test #1: Two temperature cycles between 20 and 55 C at 95% relative humidity within 48 hours Operating Temperature Without Enclosure (8923-439) = -25 to +65 C, still air, no external heat loads. Passes Lloyds type ENV3 Dry Heat test With Enclosure (8923-439) = 20 to +60 C, still air, no external heat loads. Passes Lloyds type ENV3 Dry Heat test Storage Temperature 40 to +85 C. For longest life, store near room temperature and limit the thermal cycle range. Shock US MIL-STD-810C, Figure 516.2-1 procedure 1b (30 g 11 ms Half Sine pulse) Vibration Lloyds Test Specification No. 1, 1996, Vibration Test #1: 5-13.2 Hz, 1.0 mm; 13.2100 Hz, 0.7 G Pollution Resistance Particulates: IEC 664-1 Pollution Degree 2 (Normally only nonconductive pollution occurs. Temporary conductivity caused by condensation is to be expected.) Gaseous Pollutants: The polyacrylate conformal coating withstands NO2, CO2, SO2, and H2S gases per IEC 60068-2-60:1995 Part 2.60 Methods 1 and 4 (Flowing Mixed Gas Corrosion Test). It will withstand levels typical of telecommunications and computer installations as defined by Battelle Labs Class III (between IEC 60721-3-3 classification 3C1 and 3C2, light industrial to urban industrial, heavy traffic).
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Power Supply Specification Insulation Resistance/HiPot 24 Vdc power supply: 707 Vdc from power input to chassis 120 Vac/dc and 220 Vac version: 2200 Vdc from power input to chassis Power Inputs 1. Low Voltage dc (1832 Vdc) input power fuse rating (F1 & F2)6.25 A slow blow Holdup Time = 14 milliseconds 2. ac/dc (90150 Vdc or 88132 Vac, 4763 Hz) input power fuse rating (F1 & F2)2.5 A slow blow Holdup Time = 30 milliseconds 3. High Voltage ac (180264 Vac, 4763 Hz) input power fuse rating (F1 & F2)1.5 A slow blow Holdup Time = 58 milliseconds Power Outputs Three 5 Vdc communications port isolated power supplies (100 mA max.) 5 Vdc digital power (2.5 A max.) 24 Vdc analog power (1.275 A max.) 15 Vdc analog power (150 mA max.) 15 Vdc analog power (150 mA max.) 24 Vdc isolated contact input power (100 mA max.) Microprocessor Motorola 68332 Microcontroller/20 MHz General I/O Specifications Analog Inputs 1. Six 420 mA inputs a. One isolated input (input #6). b. Five non-isolated differential inputs or may use 24 V provided with single common. 2. 16 Bit resolution over 0-25 mA full-scale range. 3. 200 input impedance on all inputs. 4. Accuracy a. Non-isolated input: 0.145% of full-scale input worst case @ 25 C ambient. b. Isolated input: 0.186% of full-scale input worst case @ 25 C ambient. 5. Temperature drift. a. Non-isolated inputs: 130 ppm/C worst case, 40 ppm/C root sum square. b. Isolated input: 245 ppm/C worst case, 60 ppm/C root sum square. 6. Isolation a. Non-isolated input: 2 M to chassis. b. Isolated input: infinite ohms to chassis. Speed Sensor Inputs 1. Two channels, jumper selectable between MPU input and Proximity input. 2. MPU input. a. Two isolated, independent channels. b. 125 Vrms input voltage range. c. 10015000 Hz. d. Input impedance of approximately 1.5 k
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505 Digital Governor for Single/Split-Range Actuators 3. Proximity input. a. Two isolated channels, independent channels. b. 1628 Vdc voltage range, at the input. c. 0.515000 Hz. d. Input impedance of approximately 7.1 k 4. Minimum of 12 bit resolution, 16 bit resolution at 100 Hz. 5. Speed range software selectable, 0-5000, 010000, or 015000. 6. Software filtering. 7. Accuracy is 0.027% worst case over temperature and time.
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Actuator Drivers 1. Two channels, software selectable for 420 mA or 20160 mA range. 2. Current readback on each channel, to detect over/under current. 3. Dither is software selectable (010 mA). 4. 45 maximum load on the 20160 mA version. 5. 360 maximum load on the 420 mA version. 6. 10 bit resolution over 24 mA (420 mA range) or 196 mA (20160 mA range) full scale range. 7. Temperature drift is 153 ppm/C worst case and 143 ppm/C root sum square. 8. Accuracy is 0.25% of full scale output worst case @ 25 C ambient. Analog Outputs 1. Six software configurable 420 mA outputs. 2. 600 maximum load. 3. 10 bit resolution over 25 mA full scale range. 4. Temperature drift is 118 ppm/C worst case and 100 ppm/C root sum square. 5. Accuracy is 0.4% of 25 mA full scale output worst case @ 25 C ambient Relay Outputs 1. Eight software configurable relay outputs 2. One set of form C contacts provided for each relay output. a. European ratings European ratings restrict use to applications with voltages not subject to the Low Voltage Directive (73/23/EEC). Rated Voltage Resistive Inductive 28 Vdc 5A 1A b. UL Recognized Ratings Rated Voltage Resistive 28 Vdc 5A 115 Vac 0.5 A c. Relay Manufacturer's Ratings Rated Voltage Resistive Inductive 28 Vdc 5A 1A 115 Vac 0.5 A 0.3 A 125 Vdc 0.2 A 0.1 A Discrete Inputs 1. 16 isolated discrete inputs. 2. Isolated +24 V power provided for discrete inputs. 3. 2.5 mA draw on each input when contact is closed. 4. 1825 Vdc external contact power may be used instead of the 505s internal power supply. 5. Solid state relays may be used to drive any discrete input: a. 505 Discrete Input Thresholds: <8 Vdc = OFF, >15 Vdc = ON b. 505 Discrete Input Impedance = 25 k, at ON threshold
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Modbus Communications Ports 1. Two isolated Modbus communications ports. 2. Supports RTU and ASCII protocol. 3. Baud rates to 57600. 4. Supports RS-232, RS-422, and RS-485 hardware. 5. Maximum network cable length is 1220 m/4000 ft (15 m/50 ft with RS-232). Personal Computer Communications Port 1. One isolated PC communications port (Port # 3). 2. Supports RS-232 only. 3. Defaults to Servlink SOS OPC Interface for Monitor GAP. 4. See Appendix D to change the functionality of this port for Tunable Upload/Download. 5. Maximum cable length is 15 m (50 ft). Built-In Operator Interface 1. Two line x 24 character LED display. 2. 30 key multi-function keypad. 3. Emergency stop and overspeed test buttons. 4. Alarm and overspeed test LED indicators.
Software Specifications
Speed/Load Control NEMA D or better speed regulation. Nominal Software Execution Rate Speed/Load Control: 10 ms Auxiliary Control: 20 ms Cascade Control: 20 ms Remote Speed Set Point: 40 ms Remote Aux Set Point: 40 ms Remote Cascade Set Point: 40 ms Sync/Load Share Control: 20 ms Shutdowns: 10 ms Alarms: 20 ms Relays: a. Trip Relay: 10 ms b. Alarm Relay: 20 ms c. Configurable Relays: 40 ms Readouts: 40 ms Contact Inputs: a. External Trip & Configurable Inputs: 10 ms b. Reset: 40 ms c. Speed Raise & Lower: 20 ms The nominal rate listed is the fastest update rate, the worst case response would be twice the nominal rate.
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Appendix B. 505 Service Mode Worksheet

Governor Serial Number Application __________________ Date _______
____________________________
For details on individual settings, refer to Chapter 4.

SPEED CONTROL SETTINGS Rate to Min = Slow Rate offline = Slow Rate online = Fast Rate Dly = Fast Rate offline = Fast Rate online = Over speed rate = Entered Rate offline = Entered Rate online = Underspd Setting = Off-line Deriv Ratio= On-line Deriv Ratio = Hold Speed Chng ALARMS Is Trip an Alarm Blink Alarms Jump to Alm Scrn Invert External Alalrm Invert I/H Fault SD on Power-Up? KEY OPTIONS Use Stop Cmd Use Dyn Key Adj rpm/s rpm/s rpm/s s rpm/s rpm/s rpm/s rpm/s rpm/s rpm % % Yes No IDLE/RATED RAMP (if configured) Idle/Rated Rate = Use Ramp To Idle Yes Idle Priority? Yes Rated Priority? Yes rpm/s No No No
SYNC/LOAD SHARE SETTINGS (if configured) Input Bias Gain = % Input Bias Dband = rpm Lag-Tau Value = % Hold Bias Chng Yes No REMOTE SPEED SETTINGS (if configured) Not Mtchd Rate = Spd Setpt Mx Rte = Min Speed Set = Max Speed Set = Rmt Dbnd Value = Lag-Tau Value = Use Min Load? Yes No Hold Rmt Chng Yes No
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
No No No No No No
rpm/s rpm/s rpm rpm rpm %
Yes Yes
No No
SPEED CONTROL DROOP SETTINGS (if generator) Actual Droop (%) = (Status Only) Minimum Droop (%) = % Maximum Droop (%) = % Use KW Droop? Yes No Gen Load Units = MW Yes No MPU OVERRIDE Use MPU Ovrd Tmr? MPU Ovrd Time = MPU #1 Ovrd On MPU #2 Ovrd On
Yes
No s (Status Only) (Status Only)
CASCADE CONTROL SETTINGS (if configured) Slow Rate (/s) = units/s Fast Rate Delay = s Setpt Fast Rate = units/s Setpt Entrd Rate = units/s Droop (%) = % Rated Casc Setpt = units Casc N Mtchd Rte = units Max Speed Rate = rpm/s Max Speed Set = rpm Min Speed Set = rpm Cascade Dbnd = units Casc Deriv Ratio = % R/L Casc Only? Yes No Use Min Load? Yes No Brkr Enbl Cont? Yes No Hold Casc Chng Yes No
AUTO START SEQUENCE (if configured) Low Idle Delay (status onlyMIN) Rate To Idle 2 (status onlyrpm/s) Idle2 Delay (status onlyMIN) Rate To Idle 3 (status onlyrpm/s) Idle3 Delay (status onlyMIN) Rate To Rated (status onlyrpm/s) Hrs Since Trip (status onlyHRS)
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LOCAL/REMOTE FUNCTIONS (if configured) Remote Enabled (status only) Enable Contacts Yes No Contacts Enabled (status only) Enable Modbus 1 Yes No Modbus 1 Enabled (status only) Enable Modbus 2 Yes No Modbus 2 Enabled (status only) MONITOR CONTACT INPUTS ESD Input Clsd Rst Input Clsd Rse Spd In Clsd Lwr Spd In Clsd Cont In #1 Closed Cont In #2 Closed Cont In #3 Closed Cont In #4 Closed Cont In #5 Closed RELAY OUTPUTS Sht Dn Rly Enrgzd Alrm Rly Enrgzd Alrm Rly De-Enrgzd Yes No Relay 1 Enrgzd Relay 2 Enrgzd Relay 3 Enrgzd Relay 4 Enrgzd Relay 5 Enrgzd Relay 6 Enrgzd
REMOTE CASC SETTINGS (if configured) Rmt N Mtchd Rte = units/s Rmt Casc Max Rte = units/s Min Casc Set = units Max Casc Set = units Rmt Dbnd Value = units Lag-Tau Value = s Hld Rmt Cas Chng Yes No Cont In #6 Closed (status only) Cont In #7 Closed (status only) Cont In #8 Closed (status only) Cont In #9 Closed (status only) Cont In #10 Closed (status only) Cont In #11 Closed (status only) Cont In #12 Closed (status only) AUX CONTROL SETTINGS (if configured) Slow Rate (/s) = units/s Fast Rate Delay = s Setpt Fast Rate = units/s Setpt Entrd Rate = units/s Droop (%) = % Rated Aux Setpt = units Aux Deriv Ratio = % Threshold (Lmtr) = % Threshold (Cntrlr) = % PID Min Output = % Hold Aux Chng Yes No REMOTE AUX SETTINGS (if configured) Rmt N Mtchd Rte = units/s Rmt Aux Max Rate = units/s Min Rmt Aux Set = units Max Aux Set = units Rmt Dbnd Value = units Lag-Tau Value = % Hold Rmt Aux Chng Yes No BREAKER LOGIC (if generator) Freq Cntrl Armd Sync Window Rpm = Sync Window Rate = Tiebrkr Opn Rmp Yes Tie Open Rate = Gen Open Setback Yes Gen Open Setpt = Use Min Load Yes Min Load Bias = Zero Load Value = Maximum Speed on Load = Frequency Offset = Frequency Deadband (Hz) = Hold Brkr Chng Yes VALVE LIMITER SETTINGS Limiter Rate = Entered Rate = Limiter Max Limit = HP Max at Start = SD at Max? Hold Limiter Chng
(status only) (status only) (status only) (status only) (status only) (status only) (status only) (status only) (status only)
(status only) (status only) (status only) (status only) (status only) (status only) (status only) (status only)
(status only) rpm rpm/s No rpm/s No rpm No rpm % rpm Hz Hz No
FORCE RELAY OUTPUTS (if shut down) Force Relays ? (troubleshooting only) Force Rlys Enbl (status only) Shutdown Relay (troubleshooting only) Alarm Relay (troubleshooting only) Force Rly #1 On (troubleshooting only) Force Rly #2 On (troubleshooting only) Force Rly #3 On (troubleshooting only) Force Rly #4 On (troubleshooting only) Force Rly #5 On (troubleshooting only) Force Rly #6 On (troubleshooting only) Turn On LEDs (troubleshooting only) LEDs ON Status (status only) MONITOR SPEED INPUTS Speed Input #1 = Speed Input #2 = MONITOR ANALOG INPUTS Anlg In #1 (%) = Anlg In #2 (%) = Anlg In #3 (%) = Anlg In #4 (%) = Anlg In #5 (%) = Anlg In #6 (%) =
(status only) (status only)
%/s %/s % % Yes Yes No No
(status only) (status only) (status only) (status only) (status only) (status only)
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ANALOG IN ADJUSTMENTS Input #1 Offset = Input #1 Gain = Input #2 Offset = Input #2 Gain = Input #3 Offset = Input #3 Gain = Input #4 Offset = Input #4 Gain = Input #5 Offset = Input #5 Gain = Input #6 Offset = Input #6 Gain = MONITOR ANALOG OUTPUTS Anlg Out # 1 (mA) = Anlg Out # 2 (mA) = Anlg Out # 3 (mA) = Anlg Out # 4 (mA) = Anlg Out # 5 (mA) = Anlg Out # 6 (mA) = ANALOG OUTPUT ADJUSTMENTS Out #1 Offset = Out #1 Gain = Out #2 Offset= Out #2 Gain = Out #3 Offset = Out #3 Gain = Out #4 Offset = Out #4 Gain = Out #5 Offset = Out #5 Gain = Out #6 Offset = Out #6 Gain = ACT1 LINEARIZATION X-1 Value = Y-1 Value = X-2 Value = Y-2 Value = X-3 Value = Y-3 Value = X-4 Value = Y-4 Value = X-5 Value = Y-5 Value = X-6 Value = Y-6 Value = X-7 Value = Y-7 Value = X-8 Value = Y-8 Value = X-9 Value = Y-9 Value = X-10 Value= Y-10 Value= X-11 Value = Y-11 Value = Act1 Demand (%) Act1 Output (%) Track Offset (%) PRESSURE COMPENSATION Std Inlet Press = Use LG Value ? Mx Inlet P Rte = X-1 Value = Y-1 Value = X-2 Value = Y-2 Value = X-3 Value = Y-3 Value = X-4 Value = Y-4 Value = X-5 Value = Y-5 Value = (status only) (status only) (status only) (status only) (status only) (status only) ACT2 LINEARIZATION X-1 Value = Y-1 Value = X-2 Value = Y-2 Value = X-3 Value = Y-3 Value = X-4 Value = Y-4 Value = X-5 Value = Y-5 Value = X-6 Value = Y-6 Value = X-7 Value = Y-7 Value = X-8 Value = Y-8 Value = X-9 Value = Y-9 Value = X-10 Value= Y-10 Value= X-11 Value = Y-11 Value = Act2 Demand (%) Act2 Output (%)
Manual 26347V2
Yes
No
% %
DRIVER 2 READOUT (if configured) Driver 2 Out (mA) Driver 2 Readout Offset Driver 2 Readout Gain DRIVER SETTINGS (redundant) Red Act 1 Flt Delay Red Act 2 Flt Delay PORT 1 SETTINGS (if configured) Port 1 Link Error Exception Error Error Code Use Modbus 1 Trip? Yes Use 2-Step Trip? Yes Enbl When Local Yes Trp Always Enbld Yes % % %
(status only)
s s
(status only) (status only) (status only) No No No No
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PORT 2 SETTINGS (if configured) Port 2 Link Err Exception Error Error Code Use Mod 2 Trip Yes Use 2-Step Trp? Yes Enbl When Local Yes Trp Always Enbld Yes
(status only) (status only) (status only) No No No No
COMM ANALOG SCALING (if using Modbus) Cas Scale Factor = Aux Scale Factor = KW Scale Factor = FSP Scale Factor = Load Share Scale = I/H Pres Scale = PORT CONFIGURATIONS PORT 1 SETTINGS STATUS BAUD = STOP BITS = PARITY = DRIVER = ASCII OR RTU = MODBUS DEVICE # = TIME OUT DELAY (s) = PORT 2 SETTINGS STATUS STOP BITS = PARITY = DRIVER = ASCII OR RTU = MODBUS DEVICE # = TIME OUT DELAY (s) = PC PORT SETTINGS STATUS BAUD = STOP BITS = PARITY = READ MODE = FLOW = ECHO = ENDLINE = IGNORE CR =
(status only)
(status only)
(status only)
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Appendix C. Password Information

General
The 505 Series control system requires a password to be entered before access can be given to the SERVICE, CONFIGURE, DEBUG, or OS_FAULTS modes. The Download Configuration function also requires a password. These passwords are intended to help prevent unauthorized or untrained personnel from accessing these modes and possibly making changes that could cause damage to the turbine or associated process. If only certain people are to know these passwords, remove this appendix and keep it in a separate place, apart from the manual.
Service Mode Password

When the display reads:
The password for your control is: 1 1 1 1 Press the keys on the 505 front panel in this sequence followed by ENTER to gain access to the SERVICE mode.
Debug Mode Password

The password for your control is: 1 1 1 2 Press the keys on the 505 front panel in this sequence followed by ENTER to gain access to the DEBUG Mode.
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Configure Mode Password

The password for your control is: 1 1 1 3 Press the keys on the 505 front panel in this sequence followed by ENTER to gain access to the CONFIGURE mode.
OS_FAULTS Mode Password

The password for your control is: 1 1 1 4 Press the keys on the 505 front panel in this sequence to gain access to the OS_FAULTS mode.
Download Configuration Function Password

The password for your control is: 1 1 1 6 Press the keys on the 505 front panel in this sequence followed by ENTER to gain access to the Load Configuration function.
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Appendix D. Control AssistantSoftware Interface Tool

Troubleshooting with Control Assistant
Control Assistant is an optional software interface tool design to help experienced users maintain setup and configuration settings and troubleshoot system problems. It provides a flexible window into the application software with multiple features for the user. Prior to installing Control Assistant, you must install the Microsoft .net framework program which is available on the Woodward website (www.woodward.com). This will install some operating system library files that are used by Control Assistant.
Setup Control Assistant version 3.4 or greater (CA3.4)

Installing Control Assistant Connecting a PC/Laptop to the 505 Control
Installing Control AssistantLicense agreement & Setup
Figure D-1. Control Assistant License Agreement
Figure D-2. Control Assistant Install Window 128 Woodward
Manual 26347V2
Define the desired directory to save Control Assistant and press Next. It is preferable to use the default, as it will keep all Woodward Software in a common folder. If the program folder field is blank, type in Woodward and the install will create a program folder named Woodward.
Figure D-3. Control Assistant Folder Selection Choose the desired folder in the Start Menu to save the shortcuts.
Figure D-4. Control Assistant Install Complete After Control assistant is installed press Close. You may or may not have to restart your computer depending on whether or not you had a previous version installed.
Figure D-5. Control Assistant Restart Window Press Yes to restart your computer now, or press No to restart your computer later. Control Assistant will NOT function properly until the PC is restarted. Woodward 129
Manual 26347V2
Connecting a PC/Laptop to the Control

You will need to connect a standard 9-pin Null Modem cable between the communication port # 3 (COM 3) of the 505 Control and a user PC. This port has a 9-pin female sub-D connector and is located on the back of the control. This ports protocol settings are defaulted to the correct settings to communicate with the Woodward Servlink service tools: Baud = *9 (19200), Data Bits = *2 (8), Stop Bits = *1 (1), Parity = *1 (None). For information on the cable or communication port settings, see the troubleshooting section of this manual. Our experience has been that not all serial interfaces on laptops or desktop PCs work the same. It is preferred to use the built-in COM port on a PC as the first choice, if it is available. Many USB-to-Serial converters work, but some do not. If you experience problems, recheck the communication settings, and if possible try a different COM port.
Features of Control Assistant version 3.4 or greater (CA3.4)

Maintaining Control Tunables (Download/Receive Tunables from 505) Maintaining Control Tunables (Upload/Send a Tunable File to the 505) Trending Control Parameters Using WinPanel (similar to the previous Watch Window products)
Maintaining Control Tunables (Download/Receive Tunables from 505)

Once the control is configured and the signals are calibrated, it is recommended that the user save a file containing this information. This is useful for setting up a spare unit, as a replacement or for initially configuring other units of the same type. 1. The first step is to enter the DEBUG mode from the front panel and Tune the block A.TUNES_FILE.CTRL to be * TRUE. Press the CLEAR button twice to save this value. BE SURE THE TURBINE IS NOT RUNNING (UNIT IS SHUTDOWN) and reboot the 505 with either a power cycle or the Reset button inside the back cover. Once initialized Port 3 will be converted to the correct protocol for uploading and downloading tunables. Connect a null modem cable and launch Control Assistant as described above. Tunable format setupUnder Options pull-down menu select Communications.
2.
3. 4.
Figure D-6. Control Assistant Tunable Connection Choice 130 Woodward
Manual 26347V2 5.
Select the correct PC COM port and set the Baud/Data Bits/Parity and Stop Bits to 19200, 8, None, 1 respectively and click OK. Press the Receive Tunables icon on the toolbar. After an initialization string is received a transferring progress bar will be displayed.
6.
Figure D-7. Control Assistant Receiving Tunables (Transferring)
Figure D-8. Control Assistant Open Tunable File 7. When complete the file will open and appear as shown above. Save the file with an appropriate filename such as Unit_1_Settings.tc. Archive this file to a safe storage area, to be used for initial setup of other controls and for troubleshooting assistance from Woodward. The final step is to enter the DEBUG mode from the front panel and Tune the block A.TUNES_FILE.CTRL to be * FALSE. (This restores the port to Servlink protocol) Control Assistant can now be closed/exited and the 505 rebooted to reconfigure Port 3.
8.
9.
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Maintaining Control Tunables (Upload/Send a Tunable File to the 505)

Entering into I/O Lock mode while the turbine is running will cause an automatic shutdown of the turbine with resulting process stoppage. Do not enter the I/O Lock to upload tunables into the control while the turbine is running. Steps 1-5 above also apply to this procedure. Once at that point continue with the following steps: 1. Open the desired tunable file that is to be loaded into the control. 2. Go to the front keypad of the 505, press CLEAR and go to the SYS_INFO mode and scroll to the Download Configuration header. BE SURE THE TURBINE IS NOT RUNNING - Scroll down and enter the Password (see Appendix C). 3. Confirm that it is OK to Shutdown the control and the unit will be ready to receive the tunable file. 4. Send Tunables to the control by pressing the Send Tunables icon. If you do this before the control is in I/O lock the control will display a warning. Press O.K..
Figure D-9. Control Assistant Receiving Tunables (Transferring) 5. 6. After completion the 505 keypad will state Download successful and Push EXIT/CLEAR to run push Clear to re-initialize the 505. The final step is to enter the DEBUG mode from the front panel and Tune the block A.TUNES_FILE.CTRL to be * FALSE. (This restores the port to Servlink protocol.) Control Assistant can now be closed/exited and the 505 rebooted to reconfigure Port 3.
7.
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505 Digital Governor for Single/Split-Range Actuators It is highly recommended that the user keep a current tunable list file available at site. This will make the configuration and setup of a spare unit very simple and assist in troubleshooting system problems.
Trending Control Parameters

This can be done at any time and will not interfere with any 505 control functions. Connect to the 505 COM 3 with a null modem cable and launch CA3.4. Click on the New Trend icon or use File/Open to open a previously saved trend script file (if you have one). To create new trends, the user will need some understanding of how Woodwards GAP software is constructed as well as some specific knowledge of the 505 application software. If the user is not familiar with GAP they should limit their use to existing trend script files. You will be prompted with the following screen for establishing an OPC connection to the control. Select the Servlink OPC server and Local Server radio buttons.
Figure D-10. Control Assistant OPC Connection Control Assistant will launch a communication tool (named SOS = Servlink-toOPC-Server) that will port the Servlink interface data from the control to an OPC interface for control assistant functionality. In the Connect Servlink to control window scroll to the correct PC port on your computer and click on the Connect Serial button.
Figure D-11. Control Assistant Port Connection Woodward 133
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It will build a service interface definition file for this purpose (which could take a few minutes). It will save this file for future connections to the 505.
Figure D-12. Servlink-to-OPC Server Creating interface file After SOS builds this file, a dialog box will appear and the user will be able to build a trend script file for view system parameters by expanding the explorer window on the left and drag & drop GAP block field parameters into the window on the right.
Figure D-13. Control Assistant Create Trend Script File
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Once the script file is complete, clicking on OK will launch the trend file so that live control data can be viewed. Each value is auto scaled, but can also be set to a fixed scale by typing numbers into the Low/High Scale fields. Two moveable vertical curser lines are available for positioning over events in the data timeline (X-axis). For additional information on the trending capabilities refer to the Control Assistant Help menu.
Figure D-14. Control Assistant Trend Screen
Using WinPanel
Control Assistant includes a feature called WinPanel that provides a text listing of all the GAP blocks in the application. WinPanel is a typical Windows application that provides a powerful and intuitive interface. The menu structures are familiar to Windows users. Variable navigation is provided through the Explorer window similar to the Explorer in Windows. This tool will look very familiar to users with experience using Woodwards Watch Windows products. To avoid control conflicts in the 505 platform, this tool will not list all of the Service and Configure parameters that are ported to the front panel keypad/display. Therefore this feature has limited usefulness unless the user is very familiar with GAP application program. Connecting to the 505 to trend, monitor, or otherwise view tunables may cause the control menus as well as communication (to an HMI or DCS) to become sluggish and result in delays when operating the 505. Be aware of the effects this may have on turbine operation. 505 functionality is not affected. Start Control Assistant from the Start Menu or desktop shortcut. Press the WinPanel button on the toolbar. CA3.4 will open a dialog to allow the user to select the type of communication connection desired. Select Servlink OPC server and Local Server then press Connect. CA3.4 will then launch the Servlink to OPC Server (SOS) as previously discussed.
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WinPanel performs these primary functions: Monitoring and Tuning of Control VariablesWatch Window presents variables in a tabular format. The user chooses the variables to view. Multiple pages of variables can be created, each with useful parameters for various troubleshooting or tuning procedures. The user can toggle between pages depending on the task being performed. An inspector provides a window for real-time monitoring and editing of all control Configuration and Service Menu parameters and values. Control Assistant can have a license added that will allow the user utilize trending capability and will also allow the creation of custom inspectors can easily be created and saved. Each window can display up to 28 lines of monitoring and tuning parameters without scrolling. The number with scrolling is unlimited. Two windows can be open simultaneously to display up to 56 parameters without scrolling. Tunable values can be adjusted at the inspector window.
After tuning any values save these settings in the control by using the icon Save tunable values on control. This should be done any time that tunable adjustments are made to the control. If this is not done the unit will return to the last saved value, which initially will be the default value in the application (shown on the appendix worksheet). The downloading and uploading of tunables via WinPanel is not available on the 505 platform. It must be done via the procedure detailed above. Attempting to do this will result in error messages as the feature is not supported in this application. WinPanel can be used to place the control in I/O Lock (Configure Mode) and to issue an Operating System reset. Go to the WinPanel display and press the Lock I/O icon on the toolbar.
Figure D-15. I/O Lock Confirmation The control will display warning box shown above. Make sure the prime mover is NOT running before pressing the Yes button.
To put the control back in operating mode, press the Reset icon on the toolbar. The check box must be checked before the reset is issued.
Figure D-16. Control Assistant Save Confirmation 136 Woodward
Revision History
Changes in Revision G Changed field wiring requirement (page 1)
We appreciate your comments about the content of our publications. Send comments to: icinfo@woodward.com Please reference publication 26347V2G.
PO Box 1519, Fort Collins CO 80522-1519, USA 1000 East Drake Road, Fort Collins CO 80525, USA Phone +1 (970) 482-5811 Fax +1 (970) 498-3058
Email and Websitewww.woodward.com Woodward has company-owned plants, subsidiaries, and branches, as well as authorized distributors and other authorized service and sales facilities throughout the world. Complete address / phone / fax / email information for all locations is available on our website.
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Technical Manual 26347V2 (Revision G)

505 Enhanced Digital Control for Steam Turbines (with Redundancy)

Manual 26347 consists of 2 volumes (26347V1 & 26347V2).

Volume 2Installation and Operation

RevisionsText changes are indicated by a black line alongside the text.

Woodward 2007 All Rights Reserved

505 Digital Governor for Single/Split-Range Actuators

APPENDIX D. CONTROL ASSISTANTSOFTWARE INTERFACE TOOL ......... 128

505 Digital Governor for Single/Split-Range Actuators

Illustrations and Tables

505 Digital Governor for Single/Split-Range Actuators

Illustrations and Tables

505 Digital Governor for Single/Split-Range Actuators

Electrostatic Discharge Awareness

505 Digital Governor for Single/Split-Range Actuators

General Installation and Operating Notes and Warnings

505 Digital Governor for Single/Split-Range Actuators

Chapter 1. Peripheral Devices

Tunable Upload/Download (old Servlink)

Interfacing to Control Assistant (Service Tool)

Servo Position Controller (SPC)

505 Digital Governor for Single/Split-Range Actuators

Figure 1-1. Servo Position Controller

SINGLE COIL ACTUATOR

Real Power Sensor

505 Digital Governor for Single/Split-Range Actuators

Figure 1-3. Real Power Sensor

Utilizing Redundant 505 Units

505 Digital Governor for Single/Split-Range Actuators

Contact 24Vdc Contact Inputs

Contact 24Vdc Contact Inputs

16 #1 117 118 119 120 121

117 118 119 120 121

Figure 1-4. Redundant Interface Connections

505 Digital Governor for Single/Split-Range Actuators

Engine Generator Control Package/Load Sharing (EGCP-3 LS)

505 Digital Governor for Single/Split-Range Actuators

505 Digital Governor for Single/Split-Range Actuators

Figure 1-5. EGCP-3 Control

Figure 1-6. EGCP-3 LS Functional Diagram

505 Digital Governor for Single/Split-Range Actuators

Figure 1-7. EGCP-3 LS Interface Wiring

505 Digital Governor for Single/Split-Range Actuators

Engine Generator Control Package/Master Control (EGCP-3 MC)

505 Digital Governor for Single/Split-Range Actuators

Figure 1-8. EGCP-3 MC Functional Diagram

505 Digital Governor for Single/Split-Range Actuators

Applying the 505 with Redundant I/H or I/P Converters

505 Digital Governor for Single/Split-Range Actuators

Figure 1-9. Typical Redundant I/H System with a Transfer Valve

505 Digital Governor for Single/Split-Range Actuators

505 Digital Governor for Single/Split-Range Actuators

Chapter 2. Application Notes

505 Digital Governor for Single/Split-Range Actuators

505 Digital Governor for Single/Split-Range Actuators

Table 2-1. Example Summary Woodward 17