What Are You Going To Learn?: Mini Lab

8.
What are you going to Look at the quadrilateral in Figure 8.4

learn? on the right. It is called rhombus. Do you
To describe the know why we call it belah ketupat in
properties a rhombus
To define of a rhombus
Indonesian?
To find out the formula
of the perimeter and
To know the properties of a rhombus,
area of a rhombus do the following mini-lab activity.
Key Terms: Figure 8.4
• rhombus
Mini Lab
Do this with your partner.

Materials: paper, scissors, and a ruler
A
B O D
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi)

1. Draw a square and its diagonals.
2. Cut the square along the sides. (Figure (i))
3. Fold the square along one of its diagonals. (Figure (ii))
4. Draw in dotted lines as in Figure (iii) above.
5. Cut the fold along the dotted lines to obtain the shape in Figure (iv).
6. Open the fold to have a new quadrilateral as in Figure (v). The new quadrilateral is named
RHOMBUS.
7. Name it rhombus ABCD and the intersection of the diagonals as point O. (Figure (vi))
8. Based on the above actiity, observe the sides, angles and diagonals.
9. Find some properties of the rhombus. Explain.
Mathematics for Junior High School Year 7 / 323

Properties of rhombus are:
1. All sides are equal, which sides?
A 2. Opposite sides are parallel, which sides?
3. Vertical angles are equal, which angles?
≡ 4. The diagonals bisect the angles, which
B D angles?
O 5. Both diagonals are perpendicular and
≡ bisect each other. Mention them.
C
Rhombus ABCD
Figure 8.5
6. Diagonals bisect the rhombus or they are the axis lines.

Mention them.
7. The sum of the two adjacent angles is 180°. Mention the
angles.
A quadrilateral with four equal sides.

Rhombus
We can also say:
If both diagonals of a quadrilateral are perpendicular and bisect

each other, then it is called a rhombus.
Now think of how to construct the formula of the area of a

rhombus as follows.
Mini - Lab
WORK IN GROUPS
Materials: Grid paper, a pencil, and scissors.
Draw rhombus on the grid paper.
Cut the rhombus along the sides.
Draw one of the diagonals of the rhombus and cut a piece of paper along the diagonal.
What do you obtain?
Discuss with your classmates to answer the following questions.
1. What is the area of each isosceles triangle?
2. Do the two isosceles triangles have the same area?
3. What are the base and height of the two isosceles triangles?
4. In your own words, express the formula to find out the area and perimeter of a rhombus.
324 / Student’s Book – Quadrilaterals

Area and
• The area of a rhombus is equal to a half of the
Perimeter of a
product of the diagonals.
Rhombus
• The perimeter of a rhombus is four times the
length of the sides.
Suppose A is the area of a rhombus with diagonals
d1 1
d1 and d2, then A = × d1 × d2
2
Suppose P is the perimeter of a rhombus with the
d2
length of side s, then P = 4 × s
PQRS is a rhombus with diagonals PR = 6 cm, QS = 8 cm and

PQ = 5 cm. Calculate the area and perimeter of rhombus PQRS.
Solution:
S Given : PR = 8 cm, QS = 10 cm, and PQ = 5 cm.
Question : The area and perimeter of rhombus PQRS
Solution : Suppose the area of rhombus PQRS is L cm 2 ,
P R
then
1
A= × PR × QS
2
Q 1
A = × 8 × 10
2
A = 40
So, the area of rhombus PQRS is 40 cm2.
Suppose the perimeter PQRS is P cm,

then: P = 4 × PQ
P=4×5
P = 20
So, the perimeter of rhombus PQRS is 20 cm.

The figure on the right is for problems 1-4.
A
1. If ∠ABC = 132°, determine the measure of ∠ABD.
2. If ∠BDC = 25°, determine the measure of ∠ADC.
3. If ∠EBC = (2x+10)° and ∠ADE = (5x−20)°, B D

E
determine the value of x .
4. If ∠CBD = (2x+13)° and ∠EDA=(5x−20)°,

C
determine the value of x .
Given the following quadrilaterals are
rhombuses, determine the value of x and y.
135°
(4x-10)°
5. 6.
y° x° (2x+70)°
(2y)°
F
D
7. 8.
E
3,5cm O C 6cm
A G
2cm 5cm
H
B
Find the area of ABCD. Find the perimeter of EFGH.

9. The area of rhombus ABCD is 24 cm 2 and the length of
diagonal AC is 8 cm. What is the length of BD ?
Say whether the following statements are true or false.

10. ………… a. The opposite sides of a rhombus are parallel.
………… b. All angles of a rhombus are equal.
………… c. The sides of a rhombus are equal.
………… d. The opposite sides of a rhombus are equal.

11. Suppose BEAC is a rhombus with BA = 6 cm and its
diagonals intersect at point H.
………… a. HA = 3 cm.
………… b. ∠BEH = ∠EBH.
………… c. Side BA is perpendicular to side EC .
………… d. The area of ΔBHE and the area of ΔAHC are
equal.
………… e. ∠CBE and ∠BCA are supplementary.
12. IJKL is a rhombus and its diagonals intersect at point O.
a. If ∠ILO = 63°, so ∠OIL =....°, ∠IJO =....°, ∠JOK =....°
b. If ∠ILO = (2x+15)° and ∠IJO = (3x−1)°, so the value of
x =...…
13. PQMN is a parallelogram. If PN = 7x−10 and PQ = 5x+6,

what is the value of x so that PQMN is a rhombus?
14. Critical Thinking. If ABCD is a rhombus, how many

symmetrical lines does rhombus ABCD have? State your
answer.
15. Is a rhombus also a parallelogram? Explain.
16. Is a parallelogram also a rhombus? Explain.
17. The lengths of the diagonals of a rhombus are 16 cm and 12
cm. Calculate the area of the rhombus.
18. A rhombus has the perimeter of 52 m. Find the length of
the sides of the rhombus.
19. The area of a rhombus is 36 cm 2 . If the proportion of the
diagonals is 1:2, what are the lengths of the diagonals?


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8.

What are you going to Look at the quadrilateral in Figure 8.4

Do this with your partner.

(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi)

Mathematics for Junior High School Year 7 / 323

6. Diagonals bisect the rhombus or they are the axis lines.

A quadrilateral with four equal sides.

We can also say:

If both diagonals of a quadrilateral are perpendicular and bisect

Now think of how to construct the formula of the area of a

324 / Student’s Book – Quadrilaterals

PQRS is a rhombus with diagonals PR = 6 cm, QS = 8 cm and

Suppose the perimeter PQRS is P cm,

Mathematics for Junior High School Year 7 / 325

2. If ∠BDC = 25°, determine the measure of ∠ADC.

3. If ∠EBC = (2x+10)° and ∠ADE = (5x−20)°, B D

4. If ∠CBD = (2x+13)° and ∠EDA=(5x−20)°,

Find the area of ABCD. Find the perimeter of EFGH.

Say whether the following statements are true or false.

326 / Student’s Book – Quadrilaterals

13. PQMN is a parallelogram. If PN = 7x−10 and PQ = 5x+6,

14. Critical Thinking. If ABCD is a rhombus, how many

Mathematics for Junior High School Year 7 / 327

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