Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 174 views

    Cathodic Protection of Reinforced Concrete Structures: Prepared by Ravi Kumar Ankan Bairagi

    Uploaded by

    Mateen Ahmed
    Cathodic protection is a technique used to control corrosion of steel reinforcement in concrete structures. There are two main methods: sacrificial anode systems use more reactive metals like zinc or magnesium that corrode instead of the steel; impressed current systems use an external DC power source to apply a voltage and protect large structures. Sacrificial anodes are simpler but have a limited life, while impressed current can precisely control corrosion but requires more maintenance and power. Both techniques make the steel cathode and prevent corrosion by driving electrochemical reactions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Cathodic Protection of Reinforced Concrete Structures: Prepared by Ravi Kumar Ankan Bairagi

    Uploaded by

    Mateen Ahmed
    174 views28 pages
    Cathodic protection is a technique used to control corrosion of steel reinforcement in concrete structures. There are two main methods: sacrificial anode systems use more reactive metals like zinc or magnesium that corrode instead of the steel; impressed current systems use an external DC power source to apply a voltage and protect large structures. Sacrificial anodes are simpler but have a limited life, while impressed current can precisely control corrosion but requires more maintenance and power. Both techniques make the steel cathode and prevent corrosion by driving electrochemical reactions.

    Original Title

    cathodicprotectionofreinforcedconcretestructures-130923101715-phpapp02

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Cathodic protection is a technique used to control corrosion of steel reinforcement in concrete structures. There are two main methods: sacrificial anode systems use more reactive metals like zinc or magnesium that corrode instead of the steel; impressed current systems use an external DC power source to apply a voltage and protect large structures. Sacrificial anodes are simpler but have a limited life, while impressed current can precisely control corrosion but requires more maintenance and power. Both techniques make the steel cathode and prevent corrosion by driving electrochemical reactions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    174 views28 pages

    Cathodic Protection of Reinforced Concrete Structures: Prepared by Ravi Kumar Ankan Bairagi

    Uploaded by

    Mateen Ahmed
    Cathodic protection is a technique used to control corrosion of steel reinforcement in concrete structures. There are two main methods: sacrificial anode systems use more reactive metals like zinc or magnesium that corrode instead of the steel; impressed current systems use an external DC power source to apply a voltage and protect large structures. Sacrificial anodes are simpler but have a limited life, while impressed current can precisely control corrosion but requires more maintenance and power. Both techniques make the steel cathode and prevent corrosion by driving electrochemical reactions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 28

    CATHODIC PROTECTION OF REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES

    PREPARED BY Ravi Kumar Ankan Bairagi

    Introduction
    Concrete is a porous (microstructure) material, which readily absorbs contaminants from the surrounding environment. The water and oxygen in presence of the chlorides reacts with iron to create corrosion product on surface of the reinforcing steel. The growth in volume of these corrosion products exerts tensile stress that eventually causes the concrete to crack.

    Contd.
    Corrosion of the Reinforcement steel is main cause for the deterioration of steel which is usually initiated through chloride attack, or carbonation. Carbonation: it refers to the penetration of atmospheric carbon dioxide into concrete matrix. To prevent the corrosion in steel Cathodic protection method is most widely used worldwide in the developed countries.

    Fig:Chloride attack And Spalling


    Ref: Report on Cathodic Protection of reinforced concrete structure at www.cathodic.co.uk

    CORROSION
    Metal that has been extracted from its primary ore (metal oxide or other free radicals like sulphides, chlorides) has a natural tendency to revert to a native form under the action of oxygen and water. The process by which this transformation occurs is known as corrosion. It is an electrochemical process. The change from the metallic to the combined forms occurs by an anodic reaction.

    Contd..
    The Anode Reaction
    Metal Metal ions (dissolved in solution) + electrons Common example: Fe Fe++ + 2eThis reaction produces free electrons , which pass within the metal to another site on the metal surface (Cathode), where it consumed by cathodic reaction. The Cathodic Reaction O2 + 2H2O + 4e4OHRecombination of these ions at active surface produce following reaction. 2Fe + O2 + 2H2O = 2Fe (OH)2

    Contd.

    Methods to Prevent Corrosion


    Barrier Separation Paints Polymer coating Galvanizing Process Polymer Injection Cladding and Chemical Additives

    Electrochemical Method (Cathodic Protection)


    Sacrificial Anodes Impressed Current

    What is Cathodic Protection (CP) ?


    Cathodic protection is a technique used to control the corrosion of a metal surface by making it the cathode of an electrochemical cell.
    Principle- The Principle of cathodic protection is in connecting an external anode to metal to be protected and the passing of an electric DC current so that all areas of metal surface become cathodic and do not corrode.

    REF: http://www.cedd.gov.hk/eng/about/organisation/images/pm/image007.jpg Accessed on 19-09-2013.

    Contd.

    Elecrochemical Method

    Cathodic Protection

    Sacrificial Anodes Impressed Current

    Sacrificial Anode
    In usual application a Galvanic anode, a piece of more electrochemically active metal is attached to vulnerable metal surface where it is exposed

    to the corrosive liquid. The anode metals


    gradually dissipate over a period when connected to and in a common electrolyte, and are termed as Sacrificial Anodes

    Contd.
    In the case of aluminum anodes, the reaction at the aluminum surface is: (four aluminum ions plus twelve free electrons) 4Al = 4AL+++ + 12 eAnd at the steel surface: (oxygen gas converted to oxygen ions which combine with water to form hydroxyl ions). 3O2 + 12e- + 6H20 = 12OHAs long as the current (free electrons) arrives at the cathode (steel) faster than oxygen is arriving, no corrosion will occur.

    Contd.
    Galvanic anodes are selected because they have a more "active" voltage (more negative electrochemical potential) than the metal of the target structure (typically steel) The galvanic anode continues to corrode, consuming the anode material until eventually it must be replaced. Anode Material: Alloys of Zinc, Magnesium and Aluminum

    Pourbix Diagram

    Sacrificial Anode Facts


    Alloy Base
    Weight Loss per annum (kg/amp)
    8

    Practical Life (Years)


    5

    Efficiency

    Use

    Magnesium

    50%

    RC Pipelines

    Aluminum

    10

    90%

    Sea Water

    Zinc

    12

    20

    95%

    Coating

    Contd.

    Partially corroded sacrificial anode on the hull of a ship.


    Ref:http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/@api/deki/files/6987/800pxSacrificial_anode.jpg?size=bestfit&width=462&height=346&revision=1

    Cathodic Protection-Galvanic System

    Ref: http://www.wv4c.org

    Impressed Current Method


    In this method a potential difference is artificially created by applying an external positive voltage to an anode with the negative current return path through the reinforcement cage and cabling. ICCP system use a nodes connected to DC power source. Usually this will be a cathodic protection rectifier, which converts an AC power supply to DC output.

    Contd.
    Anode Material can be inert or at least capable of offering up to a nominal a 20 years life This current given to insoluble anode like graphite stainless steel or scrap iron buried in soil. The negative terminal of D.C is connected to a pipeline to b protected. The anode is kept in back-fill.

    Impressed Current System

    Ref: http://www.wv4c.org

    Comparison of CP System
    Impressed Current System Sacrificial Anode

    Longer Anode Life, Monitoring Required Current can be controlled


    Can be used in any resistivity environment

    Simple, No Monitoring & Control No requirement for electrical isolation Usually Used in lower resistivity electrolyte Used for very small or well coated structure Lower Cost

    Can Be Used for any type structure Higher Cost

    Application
    Pipelines are routinely protected by a coating supplemented with cathodic Protection.

    Ref: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/Anodes-on-jacket.jpg

    Contd.
    Placement of Anode on reinforcement Bar Cage.

    Ref: http://faculty.kfupm.edu.sa/CE

    Contd.
    The White Patches visible on the ships hull are Zinc Block sacrificial anodes.

    Ref:www.usmma.edu/life/sea/images/seayear1.jpg

    References
    K G C Berkeley, S Pathmanaban, Cathodic Protection of Reinforcement Steel in Concrete, Butterworth & Co. (Publishers) Ltd, 1990, Alan R Bird, Cathodic Protection of reinforced concrete Structures-A Practical Methods of Arresting Rebar Corrosion Report published at WWW.marineandcivil.com.au, pp 1-5 Baeckman, Schwenck & Prinz, Handbook of cathodic corrosion protection 3rd edition 1997 ISBN 0-88415-056-9

    Contd.
    Dr. S.R Karade & Team, Corrosion Mitigation in RC structures Through Cathodic Protection, CSIR-CBRI News Letter,Vol-32 No-1 Jan-March 2012,pp. 1-2 Denny A.Jones, Principles and Prevention of Corrosion 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall, ISBN 0-13359993-0 V Ashworth, Principle of Cathodic Protection Elsevier B.V, 3rd Edition, Volume-2, pp 10:3-10:28 Ref: Cathodic Protection of Reinforced Concrete Structures, in NACE Technical Report No. 36, 1989, The Concrete Society, London.

    You might also like