WnA1 IS CnLMIS1k?

unlL 1: ChemlsLry Mauers

: WhaL ls ChemlsLry?
Chem|stry: Lhe sLudy of Lhe
composluon of mauer and Lhe
changes LhaL mauer undergoes
Mauer: anyLhlng LhaL has mass
and occuples space
: WhaL ls MA11Lk?
MA11Lk = anyLhlng LhaL has mass and volume.
Mass: Pow much sLu" Lhere ls, ln chemlsLry
we wlll Lhlnk of lL llke Lhe welghL of someLhlng.
ulerence beLween mass and welghL??
C8Avl1?!
Vo|ume: 1he amounL of space LhaL someLhlng
Lakes up.
: WhaL ls MA11Lk?
ls lL mauer? Why or why noL?
Crass
ldeas
Chalk
LlghL
PeaL
Cel
Alr
: Pow ls mauer classled?
Mauer can be classled ln 2 ways:
- It's S1A1L (so||d, ||qu|d, gas)
- lL's CCMCSl1lCn (whaL lL's made ouL of)
?ou have 3 mlnuLes Lo copy Lhe followlng
charL lnLo your noLebook:

Lxplorauon uemonsLrauon
We wlll use syrlnges and beakers Lo undersLand
Lhe dlerences beLween sollds, llqulds, and
gases.
l wlll qulckly run Lhrough all of Lhese Lhlngs as
you work on lllng ln your charL. lf you have any
quesuons or need Lo see anyLhlng agaln, [usL
ralse your hand.
Lureka - SLaLes of Mauer
hup://www.youLube.com/waLch?
v=guou_cu88LL
?ou wlll ll ln Lhe bouom 2 rows of your charL
uslng Lhe vldeo's lnformauon!
arucle ulagrams. geL used Lo seelng
Lhese!!
Warm up
1hursday | AugusL 28, 2014
1. WhaL ls mass? WhaL ls volume?
2. ln whaL sLaLe of mauer does an ob[ecL nC1 have
Lhe same shape or volume of lLs conLalner?
3. 1hls sLaLe Lakes boLh shape and volume of lLs
conLalner.
4. uraw Lhe parucle dlagram of a solld, llquld, and gas
(remember Lhe plcLure wlLh Lhe clrcles"
represenung parucles).
Cb[ecuves
lW8A1 undersLand and explaln denslLy.
lW8A1 see how Lhe properues of mauer aecL
denslLy of dlerenL ob[ecLs.
Agenda
Warm up/Cb[ecuve
Mauer
llnlsh noLes
Dens|ty
uemo
noLes
racuce roblems
: Pow ls mauer classled?
1. So||d: denlLe shape and
volume
2. L|qu|d: lndenlLe shape buL
xed volume
1akes Lhe shape of Lhe
conLalner
3. Gas: lndenlLe shape and
lndenlLe volume.
1akes Lhe shape and
volume of lLs conLalner.
Ch-Ch-Ch-Changes
SLaLes of mauer can change beLween one anoLher.
1hese changes have speclal names, mosL of whlch
you are already famlllar wlLh!
: Pow ls mauer classled?
Mauer can be classled ln 2 ways:
- lL's S1A1L (solld, llquld, gas)
- It's CCMCSI1ICN (what |t's made out of)
: WhaL Are Lhe 1ypes of Mauer?
: WhaL Are Lhe 1ypes of Mauer?
ure Substances:
!"#$#%&' slmplesL form
of mauer LhaL has a
unlque seL of properues.
Lx: na, k, Au
()$*)+%,' conslsLs of
2+ elemenLs LhaL are
chemlcally comblned.
Lx: P
2
C, CC
2
, naCl
: WhaL Are Lhe 1ypes of Mauer?
M|xtures: physlcal blend of Lwo or
more componenLs.
-)$).#%#)+/ $12&+3#' unlform
composluon LhroughouL
Lx: coca-cola
-#&#3).#%#)+/ $12&+3#'
composluon ls noL unlform
LhroughouL
Lx: chlcken noodle soup

Practice!!
ldenufy wheLher Lhe followlng subsLances are elemenLs,
compound, homogeneous mlxLures, or heLerogeneous
mlxLures:

1. Cook|e dough |ce cream
2. Lead
3. M||k
4. Water
S. A|um|num
6. ngNC
3
7. noney
8. CC
9. Cu


: Why ls Lhls lmporLanL?
1he properues of mlxLures are MIkLD because
each subsLance kLLS |ts own propernes

1hlnk abouL banana puddlng - lL LasLes llke
bananas, vanllla waers and puddlng!
.whlch means bananas are sull bananas and Lhe
puddlng ls sull puddlng.
: Pow do we SeparaLe MlxLures?
ulerences ln physlcal
properues can be used Lo
separaLe mlxLures.
45 61"&378)%' process LhaL
separaLes a solld from a
llquld ln a heLerogeneous
mlxLure.
95 :1/8""78)%' a llquld
vaporlzes and Lhen reLurns
Lo llquld form leavlng
behlnd oLher componenLs.
now |s moonsh|ne made?
D|sn||anon ls Lhe process used Lo separaLe a
mlxLure of pure llqulds based on Lhelr bo|||ng po|nts
I||tranon ls Lhe process used Lo separaLe
subsLances based on slze or solublllLy (ablllLy Lo
dlssolve)
DLNSI1, MLASUkLMLN1 AND SIG IIGS
unlL 1: ChemlsLry Mauers
: WhaL are Lhe dlerenL properues of mauer?
hys|ca| property
A properLy of a subsLance
LhaL can be observed or
measured wlLhouL changlng
Lhe subsLance's composluon.
8emalns Lrue no mauer how
much of Lhe subsLance you
have!
: WhaL are Lhe dlerenL properues of
mauer?
WhaL are some phys|ca| propernes
used Lo ldenufy subsLances?
hyslcal appearance
uenslLy (u = M/v!!!)
melung polnL (M..)
bolllng polnL (8..)
heaL capaclLy
solublllLy
Does the co|or of pa|nt
depend on how b|g the
conta|ner |s?
: WhaL ls uenslLy?
Mass per unlL volume (how much welghL an
ob[ecL has based on how much space lL Lakes
up). 1he unlL ls:
g]mL or g]cm
3

mL ls same as cm
3

Water has a denslLy of 1.00g]mL (waLer ls
used as an lnLernauonal sLandard for denslLy)
: WhaL ls uenslLy?
lf someLhlng has a
h|gher dens|ty Lhan
waLer, lL wlll s|nk. lf
someLhlng has a |ower
dens|ty, lL wlll oat.
: WhaL ls uenslLy?
d
m
v
Lxample 1:
lf a sample of alumlnum has a mass of 13.3
g and a volume of 3.0 cm
3
, whaL ls lLs
denslLy?
d =
m =
v =
Lxample 2
lf l have a sample of an unknown subsLance
whose denslLy ls 1 g/mL and whose volume ls
1300 mL, whaL ls Lhe mass of my subsLance?
d =
m =
v =
8CnuS: WhaL ls my subsLance?
1ry 1hese.
lf you have an ob[ecL whose mass ls 230 g and
whose denslLy ls 2 g/mL, whaL ls Lhe volume?
lf you welgh 3000g and you dlsplace 13L of
waLer ln Lhe baLhLub, whaL ls your denslLy?
lf l place an ob[ecL lnLo a graduaLed cyllnder
LhaL lnlually had a volume of 16 mL and lL rose
Lo 30mL, whaL ls Lhe volume?
: WhaL are Lhe base unlLs we use ln
chemlsLry?

LengLh: MeLer
Lnergy: !oules
Mass: grams
Vo|ume: L|ter
Dens|ty: g/mL or g/cm
3
Lvery number we ever dlscuss wlll have a unlL assoclaLed
wlLh lL! unlLs are llke cloLhlng" for numbers. we wlll
!"#"$ have nAkLu nuM8L8S!!!!!!!!
C: WhaL lf we add a prex??
WhaL does mllll-" mean? lor example, ls a mllllmeLer
smaller or blgger Lhan a meLer?


WhaL does kllo-" mean? ls a kllogram smaller or blgger
Lhan a gram?
1000 m||||-un|ts = 1 un|t
1 k||o-un|t = 1000 un|ts

"un|t" can be any of the base un|ts from the |ast s||de
?Cu nLLu 1C MLMC8lZL
1 k||ounlL = 1000 unlLs
1 unlL = 100 cennunlLs
1 unlL = 1000 m||||unlLs
LeL's racuce!
WlLh dlmenslonal analysls!
Pow many meLers are Lhere ln 3.6 kllomeLers?

Clven ln problem * unlLs LhaL you wanL
unlLs ln problem
1herefore. 3.6 km * 1000 m = 3600 m
1 km
LeL's racuce!
WlLh dlmenslonal analysls!
Pow many cenumeLers are Lhere ln 12 meLers?
Pow many mllllmeLers are Lhere ln 0.36
kllomeLers?
Warm up
lrlday | AugusL 29, 2014

1. WhaL ls Lhe denluon of mauer?
2. Label each phase change.
Solld ! llquld gas ! llquld
Solld ! gas llquld ! gas
3. A plece of wood LhaL measures 3.0 cm by 6.0
cm by 4.- cm has a mass of 80.0 grams. WhaL ls
Lhe denslLy of Lhe wood? Would Lhe plece of
wood oaL ln waLer?
4. Cn a separaLe sheeL, copy Lhe Lable on Lhe
board

Agenda
Warm up/Cb[ecuve
8lnder SeL up
MeLrlc Converslons: 8evlew
SlgnlcanL llgures
Lab no. 1: uenslLy of 8ubber
8r|ef qu|z on 1uesday
Mauer, s|g hgs, phys|ca|]chem|ca| changes
ML1kIC CCNVLkSICN kLVILW
MeLrlc Converslon 8evlew
ConverL 3.36 meLers (m) Lo mllllmeLers (mm)
Soluuon:
What un|t am I starnng w|th?
MeLers (m)
What un|t do I want to end w|th?
MllllmeLers (mm)
now am I go|ng to get there?
WhaL unlL facLor relauonshlp do l know beLween meLers and mm? 1000
mm = 1 m
now can I express th|s as a fracnon?
1000 mm/1 m or 1 m/1000 mm
Wh|ch fracnon w||| I p|ck?
l wlll plck Lhe one wlLh Lhe m on Lhe bouom so LhaL lL wlll cancel wlLh
whaL l was glven.
MeLrlc Converslon 8evlew
ConverL 3.36 meLers (m) Lo mllllmeLers (mm)
Soluuon:
MeLrlc Converslon 8evlew
ConverL 7980 mlcrograms (g) Lo mllllgrams (mg)
Ask yourself.
WhaL unlL am l sLarung wlLh?
Mlcrograms (g)
WhaL unlL do l wanL Lo end wlLh?
Mllllgrams (mg)
Pow am l golng Lo geL Lhere?
WhaL unlL facLor relauonshlps do l know beLween g, g and
mg?
10
6
g = 1 g and 1000 mg = 1 g
Pow can l express Lhese as fracuons?
MeLrlc Converslon 8evlew
ConverL 7980 mlcrograms (g) Lo mllllgrams (mg)
Soluuon:
?ou 1ry.
ConverL Lhe followlng:
1. 47,340 cm Lo m
2. 40.64 km Lo m
3. 38,700 mL Lo L
4. 3.86 kg Lo g
3. 262,100 mg Lo kg
SWI1CnING GLAkS A 8I1.
: WhaL are SlgnlcanL llgures?
1he %&'(&)*+(, )'./0% of a number are Lhose dlglLs
LhaL carry meanlng conLrlbuung Lo lLs preclslon
1he number of slgnlcanL gures ln a resulL ls slmply
Lhe number of gures LhaL are known wlLh some
degree of rellablllLy.
1he number 13.2 ls sald Lo have 3 slgnlcanL gures. 1he
number 13.20 ls sald Lo have 4 slgnlcanL gures.
: WhaL are Lhe 8ules Lo Slg llgs?
(1) All nonzero dlglLs are slgnlcanL:

1.234 g has 4 slgnlcanL gures,
1.2 g has 2 slgnlcanL gures.
: WhaL are Lhe 8ules Lo Slg llgs?
(2) Zeroes beLween nonzero dlglLs are
slgnlcanL:
1002 kg has 4 slgnlcanL gures,
3.07 mL has 3 slgnlcanL gures.
: WhaL are Lhe 8ules Lo Slg llgs?
(3) Leadlng zeros Lo Lhe le of Lhe rsL
nonzero dlglLs are noL slgnlcanL, such
zeroes merely lndlcaLe Lhe posluon of Lhe
declmal polnL:
0.001
o
C has only 1 slgnlcanL gure,
0.012 g has 2 slgnlcanL gures.
: WhaL are Lhe 8ules Lo Slg llgs?
(4) 1ralllng zeroes LhaL are also Lo Lhe rlghL
of a declmal polnL ln a number are
slgnlcanL:
0.0230 mL has 3 slgnlcanL gures,
0.20 g has 2 slgnlcanL gures.
: WhaL are Lhe 8ules Lo Slg llgs?
(3) When a number ends ln zeroes LhaL are
noL Lo Lhe rlghL of a declmal polnL, Lhe
zeroes are noL necessarlly slgnlcanL:
190 mlles may be 2 or 3 slgnlcanL gures,
30,600 calorles may be 3, 4, or 3 slgnlcanL
gures.
PCW MAn? SlC llCS?
0.0210
3.6036
0.0006
13.00003
36,003
120,000
Mlnl-Lab: WhaL ls Lhe uenslLy of
8ubber?
re-Lab Cuesuons
Show Ms. llelds when you are done.
lollow procedure
Show all daLa and calculauons
Small sLopper = 3.813 g
Medlum sLopper = 13.333 g
Large sLopper = 24.377 g
Answer analysls quesuons
uaLa Analysls
Answer quesuons wlLh your group ln compleLe
senLences.
8e sure Lo use Lhe approprlaLe number of slg gs!
Cnce you nlsh, you may geL sLarLed on Lhe
homework
unlL 1: arL C
Warm up
1uesday | SepLember 2, 2013
Don't forget to take a p|nk warm up sheet from the
front of the room!

1. l have a sample of sllver whose denslLy ls 10.3 g/mL. lf
my volume ls 100 mL, whaL ls my mass?
2. ConverL 3.36 mm Lo m
3. Pow many cenugrams ln 301 kllograms?
4. Pow many slgnlcanL gures are Lhere ln 300.2?
S. 1urn |n dens|ty m|n|-|ab


Cb[ecuve
lW8A1 ldenufy Lhe dlerence beLween
physlcal and chemlcal changes
lW8A1 explaln when a chemlcal or physlcal
change ls happenlng and provlde evldence as
Lo why
Agenda
Warm up/Cb[ecuve
llnlsh Slg llgs
roperues and Changes of mauer
Chemlcal Changes lamlly SLyle Lab
**u|z 1 tomorrow!
IINISnING SIG IIGS
: WhaL are Lhe 8ules Lo Slg llgs?
When muluplylng, dlvldlng, subLracung, or addlng, your
answer should have Lhe same amounL of slg gs as
your LLAS1 slg g number.
Lx: 3.0 (2 slgnlanL gures ) 12.60 (4 slgnlanL
gures) = 37.8000 ! 38.

ln carrylng ouL calculauons, Lhe general rule ls LhaL Lhe
accuracy of a calculaLed resulL ls llmlLed by Lhe leasL
accuraLe measuremenL lnvolved ln Lhe calculauon.
LeL's racuce!
1. 37.76 + 3.907 + 226.4 = ?
Pow many slg gs ln each number?
37.76 ! ?
3.907 ! ?
226.4 ! ?
Pow many slg gs should our answer have?

37.76 + 3.907 + 226.4 = 234.067
234.1
?ou 1ry!
2. 319.13 - 32.614 =

3. 104.630 + 27.08362 + 0.61 =

Cn-Cn-Cn-CnANGLS
unlL 1: ChemlsLry Mauers
Ch-ch-ch-changes
Mauer can also change!
Lxamples: lreeze, cuL, burn, eLc.
2 Lypes of changes
1. hyslcal changes
2. Chemlcal changes
: WhaL Are hyslcal Ch-ch-ch-changes?
uurlng a physlcal change,
mauer changes form
WI1nCU1 becomlng a
new subsLance
?ou sLarL and end wlLh
same subsLance
Lxamples: cumng,
freezlng, melung, eLc.
Molecules ln hyslcal Changes
: Pow do we know Lhere has been a
hyslcal Change?
1. Changes ln S|ze
2. Changes ln Shape
3. Changes ln 1exture
: WhaL are Chemlcal Changes?
uurlng a chemlcal change, mauer changes and becomes
NLW subsLance
SLarL and end process wlLh dlerenL subsLances
usually lrreverslble (can'L change back)
Lxamples: burnlng, rusung, mllk golng sour
Molecules ln Chemlcal Changes
1he aLoms rearrange Lo make
a nLW subsLance
: Pow do we know Lhere has been a
Chemlcal Change?
1. Change ln LemperaLure
2. Lvoluuon of a gas
3. lormauon of
preclplLaLe
4. Change ln smell
3. Change ln color
: Pow do we know Lhere has been a
Chemlcal Change?