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Variational Formulation: Strong Form - Weak Form

This document discusses the variational formulation and finite element method (FEM) for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). It presents the variational formulations for three common PDEs: 1) the one-dimensional Poisson equation, 2) linear elastostatics, and 3) linear heat conduction. For each problem, it provides the strong form, weak form, Galerkin formulation, and matrix formulation used in FEM. The document also introduces key concepts in variational formulations like the inner product, function spaces, and weighted residuals methods.

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macynthia26
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
39 views

Variational Formulation: Strong Form - Weak Form

This document discusses the variational formulation and finite element method (FEM) for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). It presents the variational formulations for three common PDEs: 1) the one-dimensional Poisson equation, 2) linear elastostatics, and 3) linear heat conduction. For each problem, it provides the strong form, weak form, Galerkin formulation, and matrix formulation used in FEM. The document also introduces key concepts in variational formulations like the inner product, function spaces, and weighted residuals methods.

Uploaded by

macynthia26
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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VARIATIONAL

FORMULATION
Strong Form Weak Form

Linear Equation

Inner Product

Expansion into Set of Basic Functions

Linear Equation in Terms of Basic Functions

Method of Weighted Residuals

Method of Weighted Residuals

Galerkin Method

Summary of Galerkin Method

Commonly Encountered
Equations
Variational Formulations

One-Dimensional Model Problem


Strong Form:

on 0,1

u , xx f 0
u (1) g

(g {1})

u , x ( 0) h

(h {0})

Weak Form:
Find u S such that for all w V
A( w, u ) ( w, f ) wh(0)
where

w, u, dx

A(w,u)
(w,f)

w f dx
0

Galerkin:
Find v h V h such that for all w h V h
A( wh , v h ) ( wh , f ) wh (0)h A( wh , g h )

Matrix:
n

[K]{d} {F} where [K] A [k ],


e

e 1

where

e
k ab

f ae

{F} {F}nodal A {f e }
e 1

N a,x N b,x dx

a1h

N a f dx 0
-k e g
a2

e 1
e 2 ,....(n-1 )
en

Classical Linear Elastostatics


Strong Form:

uij , j f i 0

on

ui g i

on gi

ij n j hi

on hi

where ij cijkl kl cijkl u( k ,l )

Weak Form:
Find u S such that for all w V
A(w,u) (w,f) (w,h)
where

A(w,u)
(w,f)

w(i,j)cijkl u(k,j)d

wi f i d

(w,f)

nsd

i 1

wi h i d

Galerkin:
Find v h V h such that for all w h V h
A( wh , v h ) ( wh , f ) ( wh , h) A( wh , g h )

Matrix:
nel

[K]{d} {F} where [K] A [k e ],


e 1

where

{ F} {F}nodal A {f e }
e 1

e
Ba DN b d
k ab

e
e
ei k ab
k pq
ej ,

f pe

nel

nen

e
g qe
N a f i d N a hi d k pq

p ned (a 1) i,

q 1

q ned (b 1) j
nen

stress at a point : ( x) D( x) Ba ( x) d ae
a 1

Classical Linear Heat Conduction


Strong Form:

qi ,i f 0

on

ug

on g

qi ni h

on h

where q i kij u , j

Weak Form:
Find u S such that for all w V
A(w,u) (w,f) (w,h)
where

A(w,u)
(w,f)

w,i kij u , j d

w f d

(w,f)

w h d

Galerkin:
Find v h V h such that for all w h V h
A( wh , v h ) ( wh , f ) ( wh , h) A( wh , g h )

Matrix:
n
[K]{d} {F} where [K] A [k e ],
el

e 1

where

nel

{ F} {F}nodal A {f e }
e 1

e
k ab
Ba DN b d
e

f ae

nen

e
N a f d N a h d k ab
g be

p ned (a 1) i,

b 1

q ned (b 1) j
nen

heat flux vector at a point : q ( x) D( x) Ba ( x) d ae


a 1

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