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    Laser Door Alarm

    Uploaded by

    Pooja Panhalekar
    This document describes a laser door alarm circuit that uses a laser pointer and phototransistor to detect when the laser beam is interrupted by someone crossing the door. When the beam is broken, a comparator circuit activates an LED and buzzer to alert that the door has been opened. The circuit keeps the buzzer sounding for a few seconds after the beam is restored using capacitors. The document also provides brief descriptions of common components used in circuits like buzzers, beepers, relays, and their typical specifications.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Laser Door Alarm

    Uploaded by

    Pooja Panhalekar
    47 views9 pages
    This document describes a laser door alarm circuit that uses a laser pointer and phototransistor to detect when the laser beam is interrupted by someone crossing the door. When the beam is broken, a comparator circuit activates an LED and buzzer to alert that the door has been opened. The circuit keeps the buzzer sounding for a few seconds after the beam is restored using capacitors. The document also provides brief descriptions of common components used in circuits like buzzers, beepers, relays, and their typical specifications.

    Original Description:

    lasor door alarm

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    This document describes a laser door alarm circuit that uses a laser pointer and phototransistor to detect when the laser beam is interrupted by someone crossing the door. When the beam is broken, a comparator circuit activates an LED and buzzer to alert that the door has been opened. The circuit keeps the buzzer sounding for a few seconds after the beam is restored using capacitors. The document also provides brief descriptions of common components used in circuits like buzzers, beepers, relays, and their typical specifications.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    47 views9 pages

    Laser Door Alarm

    Uploaded by

    Pooja Panhalekar
    This document describes a laser door alarm circuit that uses a laser pointer and phototransistor to detect when the laser beam is interrupted by someone crossing the door. When the beam is broken, a comparator circuit activates an LED and buzzer to alert that the door has been opened. The circuit keeps the buzzer sounding for a few seconds after the beam is restored using capacitors. The document also provides brief descriptions of common components used in circuits like buzzers, beepers, relays, and their typical specifications.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 9

    Laser Door Alarm

    By

    BySagar Adhikari
    Ved Prakash

    Indian Institute of Technology


    Hyderabad

    Laser Door Alarm


    This laser door alarm is based on the interruption of Laser
    beam. A low cost Laser pointer is used as the source of light
    beam. When somebody breaks the laser path, the alarm will
    be generated for few seconds.

    Working
    The laser door alarm circuit has two sections. The laser
    transmitter is a laser pointer readily available. It should be
    powered with 5 volt DC supply and fixed on one side of the
    door frame. The receiver has a Phototransistor at the front
    end. Bc547NPN Darlington phototransistor is used as the laser
    sensor. IC1 is used as a voltage comparator with its inverting
    input tied to a potential divider R2-R3. So that the inverting
    input is kept at half supply voltage. The non inverting input
    receives a variable voltage based on the conduction of T1. The
    receiver should be fixed on the opposite door frame and
    should be properly aligned to the laser beam. Normally the
    laser beam illuminates the face of phototransistor and it
    conducts. This keeps the voltage at pin 3 lower than pin 2 of
    IC555.

    Working
    As a result, output of comparator remains low. LED and Buzzer
    remain off in this state. When a person crosses the door, laser
    beam breaks and T1 cease to conduct. Collector voltage of T1
    rises and voltage at pin 3 of comparator increases and its output
    becomes high. This activates LED and buzzer. Capacitor C1
    keeps the base of T2 high for few seconds even after the output of
    IC555 becomes low again. C2 gives current to the buzzer for few
    seconds even after T2 turns off.

    Buzzer and Bleeper


    These devices are output transducers converting electrical
    energy to sound. They contain an internal oscillator to produce
    the sound which is set at about 400Hz for buzzers and about 3
    kHz for bleepers.
    Buzzers have a voltage rating but it is only approximate, for
    example 6V and 12V buzzers can be used with a 9V supply.
    Their typical current is about 25mA.
    Bleepers have wide voltage ranges, such as 3-30V, and they
    pass a low current of about 10mA.
    Buzzers and beepers must be connected the right way round,
    their red lead is positive (+).
    An inductor may be connected either way round and no special
    precautions are required when soldering.

    Relays
    A relay is an electrically operated switch. Current flowing through the coil
    of the relay creates a magnetic field which attracts a lever and changes the
    switch contacts. The coil current can be on or off so relays have two switch
    positions and they are double throw (changeover) switches.
    Relays allow one circuit to switch a second circuit which can be completely
    separate from the first. For example a low voltage battery circuit can use a
    relay to switch a 230V AC mains circuit. There is no electrical connection
    inside the relay between the two circuits, the link is magnetic and
    mechanical.The coil of a relay passes a relatively large current, typically
    30mA for a 12V relay, but it can be as much as 100mA for relays designed to
    operate from lower voltages. Most ICs (chips) cannot provide this current
    and a transistor is usually used to amplify the small IC current to the larger
    value required for the relay coil. The maximum output current for the popular
    555 timer IC is 200mA so these devices can supply relay coils directly
    without amplification.

    Components Used

    Resistors
    Buzzer
    Inductor
    Diodes
    Relays
    LEDs (Light Emitting Diode)
    Capacitors
    PCB(Printed Circuit Board)

    References
    www.google.com
    www.texas.com
    www.efymeg.com
    www.efy.com
    www.micro.edu/echips.com
    www.answers.com
    www.google.com
    www.national.com
    www.ascom.com
    www.electronicsconsulting.co.uk/
    www.radarsystem.com
    www.electronicsproject.com
    www.scienceproject.com

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