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Bode Diagram-2: Dode Diagrams For Complex Poles and Zeros

This document provides information about Bode diagrams for transfer functions with complex poles and zeros. It discusses: - How complex poles and zeros can be written as a single quadratic term containing damping coefficient ζ and corner frequency ωn. - The equations for calculating the amplitude and phase plots of such a transfer function on a Bode diagram. Both plots consist of three straight lines. - An example demonstrating how to calculate damping coefficient, corner frequencies, and amplitude values from a given transfer function, as well as plotting the Bode diagram in MATLAB.

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Adrian
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
71 views

Bode Diagram-2: Dode Diagrams For Complex Poles and Zeros

This document provides information about Bode diagrams for transfer functions with complex poles and zeros. It discusses: - How complex poles and zeros can be written as a single quadratic term containing damping coefficient ζ and corner frequency ωn. - The equations for calculating the amplitude and phase plots of such a transfer function on a Bode diagram. Both plots consist of three straight lines. - An example demonstrating how to calculate damping coefficient, corner frequencies, and amplitude values from a given transfer function, as well as plotting the Bode diagram in MATLAB.

Uploaded by

Adrian
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ECE307-9

Bode Diagram-2

Z. Aliyazicioglu
Electrical and Computer Engineering Department
Cal Poly Pomona

Bode Diagram
Dode Diagrams for Complex poles and zeros
Bode diagram consists of two separate plots
The amplitude of H(j) varies with frequency
The phase angle of H(j) varies with frequency
Transfer function H(s) contains complex poles
H (s ) =

K
s 2 + as + b

The conjugate pair into a single quadratic term


H (s ) =

K
(s + j )(s + + j )

Writing quadratic term in more convenient form


(s + )2 + 2 = s 2 + 2 s + 2 + 2

n2 = 2 + 2 n is the corner frequency


of quadratic term

= s 2 + 2 ns + n2

n =

is the damping coefficient


of quadratic term
ECE 307-9 2

Bode Diagram
=
Bode Diagrams for Complex poles and zeros
<1 the roots are complex. So assume that <1
H(s) is given

H (s ) =

Replace s with j

s + 2ns +
2

H ( j ) =

H ( j ) =

In polar form

2
n

H (s ) =

n2

s
s
1 + + 2

n
n

K0

K0 =

1 + j 2

n
n

n2

n
1 = tan (
)

1
n

K0

1
1 + j 2
n
n

AdB = 20log10 K0 20log10 1 + j 2


n
n

( ) = 1

ECE 307-9 3

Bode Diagram
Amplitude Plots
The amplitude of value of

20log10 1 + j 2
n
n

20log10 1 + j 2
0 when 0
n
n
2

20log10 1 + j 2
40log10
n
n
n

when

Results
The approximate amplitude plot consists of two straight lines
1. Straight line lies along the 0 dB when < n
2. Straight Line has a slope 40dB/decade when < n
ECE 307-9 4

Bode Diagram
2

20log 1 + j 2

n
n

Straight-Line Amplitude Plots


= 0.1

>> w=0.1:0.01:1000;
>> x=1./((1(w/10).^2)+j*2*0.1*(w/10));
>> a=20*log10(abs(x));
>> semilogx(w,a)
>> grid on
>> hold on
>> x=1./((1(w/10).^2)+j*2*0.3*(w/10));
>> a=20*log10(abs(x));
>> semilogx(w,a, g')
>> x=1./((1(w/10).^2)+j*2*0.707*(w/10));
>> a=20*log10(abs(x));
>> semilogx(w,a,c')
>> xlabel ('\omega')
>> ylabel ('theta(\omega)')
>> ylabel ('\theta(\omega)')

= 0.3
= 0.707

ECE 307-9 5

Bode Diagram
Straight-Line Amplitude Plots

p
p = n 1 2 2
AdB ( p ) = 10log10 4 2 (1 2 2 )

0
0 = n 2(1 2 2 ) = 2 p

AdB (n ) = 20log10 2

ECE 307-9 6

Bode Diagram
Straight-Line Phase Angle Plots
H ( j ) =

K0
2

1 + j 2
1
n
n

n
( ) = 1 = tan (
)

1
n
2

The phase angle of Complex poles and zeros has three straight
lines approximation
1. The phase angle zero at zero frequency 0
2. - 90 degree at the corner frequency n
3. -180 degree close the large frequency

ECE 307-9 7

Straight-Line Phase Angle Plots

= 0.1
= 0.707

= 0.3

>> w=1:0.01:100;
>> x=1./((1(w/10).^2)+j*2*0.1*(w/10));
>> degree=180*angle(x)/pi;
>> semilogx(w,degree)
>> grid on
>> hold on
>> x=1./((1(w/10).^2)+j*2*0.3*(w/10));
>> degree=180*angle(x)/pi;
>> semilogx(w,degree, 'r')
>> x=1./((1(w/10).^2)+j*2*0.707*(w/10)
);
>> degree=180*angle(x)/pi;
>> semilogx(w,degree, 'g')
>> xlabel ('\omega')
>> ylabel ('theta(\omega)')
>> ylabel
('\theta(\omega)')

ECE 307-9 8

Bode Diagram
Example
1

L1
50m

1Vac
0Vdc

Find Ko
Bode Plot
Damping coefficient
Amplitude value of p, 0, and n

R1

V1
C1
8m

Vi

Vo

H (s ) =

1
2500
LC
= 2
R
1
s
20
s + 2500
+
2
s + s+
L
LC

H ( j ) =

K0

H ( j ) =

1 + j 2
n
n

n2 = 2500
=

2 n

20
= 0.20
100

1
2


1 + j 0.4
50
50

K0 = 1


AdB = 20log 1 + j 0.4
50
50

ECE 307-9 9

MatLab

>> w=1:0.1:1000;
>> a=-20*log10(abs(1(w/50).^2+j*0.4*(w/50
)));
>> semilogx(w,a)
>> grid on
>> xlabel ('\omega')
>> ylabel ('A_{dB}')

p
p = p 1 2 = 47.9 rad/s
2

AdB ( p ) = 10log10 4 2 (1 2 2 ) = 2.2 dB

0 = n 2(1 2 2 ) = 2 p = 67.82 rad/s


AdB ( n ) = 20log10 2 = 7.96 dB
ECE 307-9 10

Bode Diagram

>> w=1:0.1:1000;
>> theta=angle(1(w/50).^2+j*0.4*(w/50));
>> degree=-theta*180/pi;
>> semilogx(w,degree)
>> grid on
>> xlabel ('\omega')
>> ylabel
('\theta(\omega)')

ECE 307-9 11

Bode Plot in MatLab


>>
>>
>>
>>

syms s
n=[0 0 2500];
dn=[1 20 2500];
g=tf(n,dn)

Transfer function:
2500
----------------s^2 + 20 s + 2500
>> bode (g)
>> grid on

ECE 307-9 12

Matlab
1

1Vac
0Vdc

V1

L1

R1

50m

C1
8m

3. 0V
( 7. 5858, 2. 5505)

2. 0V

( 10. 782, 1. 0048)


1. 0V

0V
100mHz
V( R1: 2)

300mHz
V( L1: 1)

1. 0Hz

3. 0Hz

10Hz

30Hz

100Hz

Fr equency

ECE 307-9 13

Bode Diagram
20

-0

- 20

- 40

- 60
1 0 0 mHz
3 0 0 mHz
2 0 * LOG1 0 ( V2 ( C1 ) / V1 ( V1 ) )

1 . 0 Hz

3 . 0 Hz

1 0 Hz

3 0 Hz

1 0 0 Hz

Fr e q u e n c y

ECE 307-9 14

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