400kv Substation Training Report

-Shailendra Yadav
EE-42(0705420096)
1
INTRODUCTION OF
SUBSTATION
It is situated at 26°34’2’’N & 80°32’57’’E coordinates
in Dahi Chowki 6.64 km far from Unnao railway station.
Constructed during 1994-98 by CGL.
The whole substation is divided in three parts:

132kv switchyard
400/220kv switchyard
765kv switchyard (Under construction)
2
INCOMING & OUTGOING LINE OF
SUBSTATION
•Unnao to Lucknow (400KV & 220KV both separate)
•Unnao to Bareily-1 (400KV)
•Unnao to Bareily-2 (400KV)
•Unnao to Agara (400KV)
•Unnao to Panki Kanpur(400KV & 220KV both separate)
•Unnao to Anpara (400KV)
•Unnao to PGCIL Lucknow-1 (400KV)
•Unnao to PGCIL Lucknow-2 (400KV)
•One bus bar for 400/220KV 315MVA ICT-1 & ICT-2 line.
3
OUTDOOR EQUIPMENT USED IN
SUBSTATION
 Two 100MVA 220/132KV transformer
 Two 315MVA 400/220KV transformer
 Shunt reactor
 Capacitor bank
 SF6 circuit breaker
 Isolators
 Lightning arresters
 Current transformer
 Capacitor voltage transformer
 Wave trap
 Isolators
4
ConservaterTank
Transformer H.V. side
bushing CT
COOLING SYSTEM
(ONAN)
L.V. side bushing

CTs
5
Radiator plates
Oil pump is
used for
circulating oil
forcelly.
Radiator
plates are
used for
increasing
surface area
for natural air
cooling.
Oil pump Earthing

plate 6
COOLING FANS
 we use Cooling fans for

forced air cooling of
transformer . Total six fans
are used for each 100MVA
and eight fans are used for
each 315 MVA transformer.
But all fans never start at
same time . It start in pairs .
7
Tertiary
terminal
Tertiary terminal mostly

opened.
The output voltage of

tertiary terminal is 11KV in
100MVA transformer and
33KV in 315 MVA
transformer
OLTC Pressure
chamber relief valve
box
8
TERMINALS ON TANK COVER
9
In these photos we can see fogging near transformer due to
operation fire protection system.
10
BUCHHOLZ RELAY
Buchholz relay is a safety device mounted on some oil-filled power
transformers and reactors. It is used as a protective device sensitive to
the effects of dielectric failure inside the equipment.
11
OTI & WTI
OTI panel
WTI panel
OTI –oil temp. indicator

measure temp. of oil filled
in transformer. In OTI has
two mercury bulb.
WTI- winding temp.

indicator measure winding
temp of transformer. It has
four mercury bulb.
mercury
bulb
12
CURRENT TRANSFORMER
In electrical engineering, a current

transformer (CT) is used for
measurement of electric currents.
Current transformers, together
with voltage transformers (VT)
(potential transformers (PT)), are
known as instrument transformers.
When current in a circuit is too high
to directly apply to measuring
instruments, a current transformer
produces a reduced current accurately
proportional to the current in the
circuit, which can be conveniently
connected to measuring and
recording instruments.
13
PROTECTION DIAGRAM
14
CAPACITOR VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER
A capacitor voltage transformer
(CVT) is a transformer used in
power systems to step-down extra
high voltage signals and provide
low voltage signals either for
measurement or to operate a
protective relay.
The device has at least four
terminals, a high-voltage terminal a
ground terminal and at least one set
of secondary terminals.
CVTs are typically single-phase
devices
15
Cross sectional view of CVT
1 - Primary terminal
2 - Cast aluminum bellow housing
3 - Stainless steel expansion bellow
4 - Compression spring
5 - Insulated voltage connection
6 - Capacitor elements
7 - Insulator (porcelain or composite)
8 - Voltage divider tap connection
9 - Cast-epoxy bushing
10 - HF terminal connection
11 - Ferro-resonance suppression
device
12 - Secondary terminals
13 - Oil level sight-glass
14 - Aluminum terminal box
15 - Intermediate transformer
16 - Oil/air block
17 - Oil sampling device
18 - Compensating reactor
19 - Aluminum cover plate
16
PRINCIPLE CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF
CVT
1. High Voltage terminal
2. Compensation reactor
3. Intermediate voltage
transformer
4. Ground terminal
5. Ferro-resonance
suppression device
6. Damping resistor
7. Carrier (HF) terminal
(optional)
8. Overvoltage protective
device
9. Secondary terminals
10. Link, to be opened for
test purposes
17
CIRCUIT BREAKER
A circuit breaker is an
automatically-operated
electrical switch
designed to protect an
electrical circuit from
damage caused by
overload or short circuit.
In this image we can
see a SF6 circuit breaker
with double break
system.
18
ISOLATORS
Isolating rod
An isolators switch are
used to completely de-
energized an electrical Earth link rod
circuit. High-voltage
isolation switches are used
in electrical substations to
allow isolation of apparatus
such as circuit breakers and
transformers, and
transmission lines, for
maintenance.
19
PANTOGRAPH ISOLATORS
In open state In close state
20
Central rotating double
break isolator
21
Wave trap
 Wave trap are used in

power system for carrier
communication.
 It trap the higher
frequency above 50Hz.
 It is the effort to utilize
the same transmission line
between two substation for
the purpose of
communications
22
23
LIGHTNING ARRESTOR
The overvoltage protection

is obtained by the use of
lightning / surge arresters.
Lightning Arresters or
Surge Arresters are always
connected in Shunt to the
equipment to be protected,
they provide a low
impedance path for the
surge current to the ground.
Mostly in present days
zinc oxide (ZnO) gapless
arresters are in use.
24
INTERPOSING C.T.
The interposing CTs are used

for Power transformer
Differential Protection
circuit. In a delta/Star Power
transformer, the cts will be
connected star and delta
formation, for eliminating
Zero sequence current on star
side. There will be mismatch
of secondary current , to
maintain equilibrium,
interposing Cts will be
connected to Delta formed
CTs.
25
RELAYS
Differential
RES E/F +O/L
relay
Protection relay
O/F protection +FFR
Group A trip relay

Breaker failure
relay CB trouble relay
O/C protection Group B trip relay

relays
DR earth switch
relay
26
Relay conti….
A outer view of Relay Relay testing box
27
SHUNT REACTOR
 Shunt Reactor is a thyristor controlled high impedance

transformer.
A stable bus
voltage can be
maintained by
providing
variable reactive
power based on
the bus voltage
deviations due
to the load
variations.
28
SHUNT CAPACITOR
BANK
Shunt capacitor banks
are used to improve the
quality of the electrical
supply.
provide capacitive
reactive compensation.
Power factor correction.
29
30
31

400kv Substation Training Report

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

400kv Substation Training Report

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

400kv Substation Training Report

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

What are the different parts of the substation?

What are the different parts of the substation?

What are the incoming and outgoing transmission lines of the substation?

What are the incoming and outgoing transmission lines of the substation?

-Shailendra Yadav

Constructed during 1994-98 by CGL.

The whole substation is divided in three parts:

L.V. side bushing

Oil pump Earthing

 we use Cooling fans for

Tertiary terminal mostly

The output voltage of

OTI –oil temp. indicator

WTI- winding temp.

In electrical engineering, a current

In open state In close state

 Wave trap are used in

The overvoltage protection

The interposing CTs are used

Group A trip relay

O/C protection Group B trip relay

A outer view of Relay Relay testing box

 Shunt Reactor is a thyristor controlled high impedance

You might also like