INDUSTRIAL TRAINING

Presented By:- Vishal Balana

Roll no:- 02104041
Date:- 15th july 2005

Hutchison Essar South Ltd.

(punjab)
 Introduction
Hutchison Max Telecom Pvt. Ltd. is a joint promotion by
Max and Hutchison Whampoa Ltd. (HWL) of Hong Kong.
The Company holds licenses to provide cellular services in
Mumbai, Gujrat, Kolkata, Chennai, Andhra Pradesh, New
Delhi and Karnatka. The services are provided in the city of
Mumbai under the brand name of ORANGE
Today with a subscriber base of 5.8 lacs
subscribers ORANGE covers whole of Mumbai and Navi
Mumbai. ORANGE has a superior coverage spread through
various cell Sites across Mumbai. The company has
International tie-ups for roaming customers as well as all
India roaming. The inherent strength of the Network lies in
the fact that ORANGE Mumbai has its own network
backbone to carry its signal, thus, making the Company
totally self dependent. As per the figures released by COAI
(Cellular Operators Association of India), Hutchison
Telecom is 2nd largest cellular service provider in India.
 The Chaos That Existed

Before GSM networks, there were public mobile radio

networks. They normally used analog technologies, which
varied from country to country and from one manufacturer to
another. These analog networks did not comply with any
uniform standard. There was no way to use a single mobile
phone from one country to another. The speech quality in most
networks was not satisfactory.
Due to increasing use of radio communications throughout
Europe, the frequency band was also getting congested.
 The Birth of GSM
In 1982, the Conference of European Posts &
Telecommunications Administrations (CEPT) established a
committee called “Groupe Special Mobile” (GSM). This
committee was set up to specify a unique radio communication
system for Europe. This system came to be known as GSM.
In 1992, to avoid confusion between the GSM system and the
GSM committee, the GSM system was renamed as “Global
System for Mobile” and the committee was now called “Special
Mobile Group” (SMG).
In 1988, the European Telecommunications Standards Institute
(ETSI) was created to specify the standards for GSM.
 GSM- Architecture
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VMSC
BTS A
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BTS MSC HLR
BTS TRAU
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 GSM – System Architecture

A typical GSM system is made up of the following

components:
 Mobile Switching Centre (MSC)
 Base Station Controller (BSC)
 Base Transceiver Station (BTS)
 Transcoder (XCDR)
 Messaging System
GSM – Cell Architecture
 Features of GSM
 Flexibility & increased capacity.
 Compatibility – Support for international
roaming.
 Security – Distinction between user and device
identification.
 Noise Robust – Excellent speech quality.
 Wide range of services.
 Inter-working (e.g. with ISDN, DECT).
 Feature: Flexibility

 In analogue air interface, every connection between a

mobile subscriber and a cell site requires a separate RF
carrier.
 In GSM, 8 simultaneous conversations can be carried
out on one RF carrier.
 The system is more versatile and it is possible to
move capacity from one part of the network to another
just by reconfiguring the system database.
 Feature: Compatibility & Security
Compatibility:
 ISDN is a new & advanced standard in telecommunications
 GSM is compatible with ISDN
 GSM phones are ISDN compatible
Security:
In analogue systems, anyone can ‘eavesdrop’ if equipped
with an appropriate receiver.
 GSM offers high speech & data security.
 In GSM, the calls are digitized, encoded and then ciphered
(encrypted) before transmission. This makes listening to calls
virtually impossible.
 GSM – Air Interface

 Frequency Band Used

 Logical Channels
 Frequency Hopping
 Air Interface: Freq Band
 GSM 900:
Uplink: 890 - 915 MHz (MS to base station)
Downlink: 935 - 960 MHz (base station to MS)
124 RF carriers.
200 KHz bandgap.
 GSM 1800 (previously DCS-1800):
Uplink: 1710 - 1785 MHz
Downlink: 1805 - 1880 MHz
 GSM 1900 (previously PCS-1900):
Uplink: 1850 - 1910 MHz
Downlink: 1930 - 1990 MHz
 Air Interface: Logical Channels

 Traffic Channels
 Signalling Channels
 Dedicated Channels
 Broadcast Channels
 Common Control Channels
 Air Interface: Freq. Hopping
 Provide Diversity.
 Reduce Interference.
 Mobile transmits on one frequency during
one TS.
 Switches to different frequency to transmit
during next TS.
 Broadcast channel does not support hopping.
 Sequence of Learning

 Projects

 Transmission
 RF maintenance
 OMC-R (Operations

and Maintenance-Radio)
 Functions of OMC-R
The OMC-R performs the following functions:

 Direct management of BSS and RXCDR and the links

between them.
 Management of the NE devices associated with the
links (on the RXCDR side) between the MSC, the BSSs
and RXCDRs. This is all done using the O&M data
packets sent to/from the NE.
 Monitoring of events and alarms, performing fault
handling, NE re-configuration, NE software uploading
and downloading, and performance data collection and
reporting for all the NE under its control.
 Provides a centralized facility for network management
of up to 120 NEs with up to 45,000 traffic channels for
the OMC-R.
 OMC-R N/W Management

 Fault Management
 Event/Alarm Management
 Performance Management
 Configuration Management
 Load management
 Fault Management

Fault management provides the facility to change

the status of any device using fault handling
procedures. From the OMC-R, the GSM network
operator can react to changes in the network and
re-configure the site by taking devices in or out of
service as required, thus maintaining continuity of
service to mobile phone users. Fault management
tasks can be performed from the map, the alarm
window, Navigation Tree and through contained
devices
 Event/Alarm Management
A primary function of an OMC-R is to maintain the quality
of service to customers/users of the GSM network by
monitoring the state of Motorola equipment in the network.
Event or alarm messages containing information on the state
of the network, devices and links in the system are sent, via
the X.25 network, to the OMC-R.There is the optional
Alarm notification via Paging feature which automatically
notifies key personnel of certain alarm or state changes.
Operators can filter and select the way in which alarms are
displayed and handled; for example, alarms which have been
handled, but not yet cleared, can be deferred.An optional
Network Health Analyst (NHA) provides a means by which
operators can move from being purely reactive to a more
proactive role by observing a combination of events,
statistical information and configuration data that notifies
them of network problems before any faults are raised.
 Performance Management

Performance management provides collection and

reporting of network performance statistics. The
OMC-R collects, processes and stores
performance statistics on the different NEs in the
network, and provides reporting facilities for the
presentation and printing of the processed
statistics. These statistics can be then used to
analyse network performance and aid long term
planning.
 Configuration Management
The OMC-R provides the configuration management
facilities for a system that can cater for an expanding
GSM network. The System Processor can be configured
for a variety of expandable traffic channel capacities on
the same basic platform. The OMC-R system allows
customers to expand their network operations and
maintenance support in line with their business growth
and provide orderly migration for existing users and rapid
deployment for new users.The OMC-R also includes the
Call Trace function. Optional tools may also include the
Intelligent Optimization Product (IOP) and the Motorola
Analysis and Reporting System (MARS).
 Load management

Load Management forms part of the

Configuration Management and provides
the operator with a central location to
remotely load all the NEs with the latest
compatible version of operating software.
New software loads are installed at the
OMC-R and later downloaded to the NEs
under the OMC-Rs control
Connectivity dig.
 Types of Links

 Physical Links
 Logical Links
 Physical Links

Path:
A PATH device defines the connectivity between a
BSC site and BTS sites under its control. It is a
logical representation of a 2 Mbit/s route between
the BSC and a destination BTS. This connectivity
specifies the physical route from the BSC, through
intermediary BTSs to the destination BTS. A PATH
may contain a route through a maximum of 10 BTS
sites. The connection information between any two
sites consists of an MSI (NIU for M-Cell)/MMS
device at each end of the link.
 Logical Links

 Operation and Maintenance Link (OML)

 Message Transfer Link (MTL)
 Radio Signaling Link (RSL)
 XCDR to BSC Link (XBL)
 Cell Broadcast Link (CBL)
 Operation & Maintenance Link
(OML)

The purpose of the OML is to provide

communication between an OMC-R and a BSC or
RXCDR for transferring network management
(O&M) data. Up to four OML links can be
configured between an OMC-R and BSC or
RXCDR; one OML is used at any one time, the
other three OMLs exist for redundancy purposes.
 Message Transfer Link (MTL)

The purpose of the MTL is to provide a link for

signalling information between the BSC and the MSC.
In the Motorola system, when local transcoding is
used, this is a physical connection between the BSC
and the MSC. When a Remote Transcoder is used, the
logical MTL is made up of two physical parts; the
connection between the BSC and the RXCDR and the
connection between the RXCDR and the MSC. When
more than one MTL is configured between the BSC
and MSC, both load sharing and redundancy are
present. Up to 16 MTLs may be configured between a
BSC and MSC.
 Radio Signaling Link (RSL)

A signalling link between a BSC and a remote BTS is

called a Radio System Link (RSL). The purpose of an
RSL is to provide signalling information between a BSC
and a remote BTS. The Motorola software chooses the
timeslots used, automatically. This is to ensure that new
BTSs, added to the network, can be communicated with
on default timeslots. Each RSL link is associated with a
PATH. It is possible to have multiple (up to eight) RSLs
between a BSC and a remote BTS. There are two RSLs
between BTS2 and the BSC. This is possible because of
the daisy chain connection in the BSS. The two RSLs
provide both load sharing and redundancy functions for
the signalling link.
 XCDR to BSC Link (XBL)

An XBL link may be configured between the BSC

and the RXCDR for exchanging internal Fault
Management (FM) data between them. An
Enhanced XBL (EXBL) will allow generic
messaging between the RXCDR and BSC in
support of current and future operator needs.
 Cell Broadcast Link (CBL)

A CBL link can be configured between the BSC

or RXCDR and the Cell Broadcast Centre (CBC).
This is used for downloading messages to
broadcast along with other necessary information
such as repetition rate and number of broadcasts.
Site Containment
Information flow b/w OMC & NE
Thank You……